Springboot项目编写测试单元完整步骤记录_Java

以mapper为例编写测试单元

1.引入junit测试依赖及其他相关依赖

springboot集成了junit,引入springboot的test依赖即可

用spring initializr创建springboot项目时，默认会自动添加junit的依赖。如果不使用spring initializr，可以手动添加依赖

<!--     spring boot 集成junit   -->
        <dependency>
            <groupid>org.springframework.boot</groupid>
            <artifactid>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactid>
            <version>${spring-boot.version}</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
            <exclusions>
               <exclusion>
                   <groupid>org.junit.vintage</groupid>
                   <artifactid>junit-vintage-engine</artifactid>
                </exclusion>
            </exclusions>

        </dependency>
<!--mysql驱动-->
        <dependency>
            <groupid>mysql</groupid>
            <artifactid>mysql-connector-java</artifactid>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
        </dependency>
<!--  mybatis-puls的依赖-->
        <dependency>
            <groupid>com.baomidou</groupid>
            <artifactid>mybatis-plus-boot-starter</artifactid>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupid>org.springframework.cloud</groupid>
            <artifactid>spring-cloud-context</artifactid>
        </dependency>

        <!-- 排除 spring boot 依赖的日志包冲突 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupid>org.springframework.boot</groupid>
            <artifactid>spring-boot-starter</artifactid>
            <exclusions>
                <exclusion>
                    <groupid>org.springframework.boot</groupid>
                    <artifactid>spring-boot-starter-logging</artifactid>
                </exclusion>
            </exclusions>
        </dependency>

        <!-- spring boot 集成 log4j2 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupid>org.springframework.boot</groupid>
            <artifactid>spring-boot-starter-log4j2</artifactid>
        </dependency>

junit-vintage-engine是使用老版本junit所需的依赖，不需要，使用<exclusions>排除，当然留着也行。

在maven中查看引入的依赖如下:

2.添加配置文件

在test文件夹下新建resources(如果没有),并右键添加到resources root

在resources文件夹下创建日志配置文件和bootstrap.yml文件,分别如下

1)- log4j2配置文件

log4j2配置文件每个项目都会用到,记录一个比较好用的配置文件,方便以后使用时调取,日志输出级别为debug,也可以修改

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<configuration monitorinterval="180" packages="">
    <properties>
        <property name="logdir">logs</property>
        <property name="pattern">%date{yyyy-mm-dd hh:mm:ss,sss} %level [%thread][%file:%line] - %msg%n%throwable</property>
    </properties>
    <appenders>
        <console name="console" target="system_out">
            <patternlayout pattern="${pattern}"/>
        </console>
 
        <rollingfile name="errorappender" filename="${logdir}/error.log"
            filepattern="${logdir}/$${date:yyyy-mm-dd}/error.%d{yyyy-mm-dd-hh}.log" append="true">
            <patternlayout pattern="${pattern}"/>
            <thresholdfilter level="error" onmatch="accept" onmismatch="deny"/>
            <policies>
                <timebasedtriggeringpolicy interval="1" modulate="true" />
            </policies>
        </rollingfile>
 
        <rollingfile name="debugappender" filename="${logdir}/info.log"
            filepattern="${logdir}/$${date:yyyy-mm-dd}/info.%d{yyyy-mm-dd-hh}.log" append="true">
            <patternlayout pattern="${pattern}"/>
            <thresholdfilter level="debug" onmatch="accept" onmismatch="deny"/>
            <policies>
                <timebasedtriggeringpolicy interval="1" modulate="true" />
            </policies>
        </rollingfile>
        
        <!--异步appender-->
         <async name="asyncappender" includelocation="true">
            <appenderref ref="errorappender"/>
            <appenderref ref="debugappender"/>
        </async>
    </appenders>
    
    <loggers>
         <!--过滤掉spring和mybatis的一些无用的debug信息
        <logger name="org.springframework" level="info">
        </logger>
        <logger name="org.mybatis" level="info">
        </logger>-->
        <logger name="cn.itcast.wanxinp2p.consumer.mapper" level="debug">
        </logger>
 
        <logger name="springfox" level="info">
        </logger>
		<logger name="org.apache.http" level="info">
        </logger>
        <logger name="com.netflix.discovery" level="info">
        </logger>
        
        <logger name="rocketmqcommon"  level="info" >
		</logger>
		
		<logger name="rocketmqremoting" level="info"  >
		</logger>
		
		<logger name="rocketmqclient" level="warn">
		</logger>
 
        <logger name="org.dromara.hmily" level="warn">
        </logger>
 
        <logger name="org.dromara.hmily.lottery" level="warn">
        </logger>
 
        <logger name="org.dromara.hmily.bonuspoint" level="warn">
        </logger>
		
        <!--off   0-->
        <!--fatal   100-->
        <!--error   200-->
        <!--warn   300-->
        <!--info   400-->
        <!--debug   500-->
        <!--trace   600-->
        <!--all   integer.max_value-->
        <root level="debug" includelocation="true">
            <appenderref ref="asyncappender"/>
            <appenderref ref="console"/>
            <appenderref ref="debugappender"/>
        </root>
    </loggers>
</configuration>

2)-bootstrap.yml

#注意datasource的参数改成工程实际参数
spring:
  application:
    name: content-service
  datasource:
    driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.driver
    url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/xc_content?servertimezone=utc&userunicode=true&usessl=false&
    username: root
    password: myb
# 日志文件配置路径
logging:
  config: classpath:log4j2-dev.xml

3.在测试文件中新建启动文件

在test/java文件夹下新建和src文件一样的目录,并在根目录下新建启动文件

import org.springframework.boot.springapplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.springbootapplication;

/**
 * @author may
 * @version 1.0
 * @description 测试类启动文件
 * @date 2025/2/4  22:37
 */
@springbootapplication
public class contentapplication {
    public static void main(string[] args) {
        springapplication.run(contentapplication.class, args);
    }
}

4.在src的目录下添加分页查询的配置文件

import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.annotation.dbtype;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.extension.plugins.mybatisplusinterceptor;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.extension.plugins.inner.paginationinnerinterceptor;
import org.mybatis.spring.annotation.mapperscan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.configuration;

/**
 * <p>
 *        mybatis-plus 配置
 *        这个文件有两个功能:1.配置包扫描文件,即@mapperscan注解;2.bean分页插件
 * </p>
 */
@configuration
//扫描mapper,生成mapper接口的代理对象,放到spring容器
@mapperscan("com.xuecheng.content.mapper")
public class mybatisplusconfig {
   /**
    * 定义分页拦截器
    */
   //bean需要和@configuration配合使用才能生效
   @bean
   public mybatisplusinterceptor mybatisplusinterceptor() {
      //重新定义一个mybatisplus拦截器
      mybatisplusinterceptor interceptor = new mybatisplusinterceptor();
      //把分页拦截器添加进去,并指定按照mysql分页 语句的语法来拼装分页
      interceptor.addinnerinterceptor(new paginationinnerinterceptor(dbtype.mysql));
      return interceptor;
   }
}

5.编写测试类

import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.core.conditions.query.lambdaquerywrapper;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.extension.plugins.pagination.page;
import com.xuecheng.base.model.pageparams;
import com.xuecheng.base.model.pageresult;
import com.xuecheng.content.mapper.coursebasemapper;
import com.xuecheng.content.model.dto.querycourseparamsdto;
import com.xuecheng.content.model.po.coursebase;
import org.apache.commons.lang.stringutils;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.assertions;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.test;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.springboottest;

import java.util.list;
/**
 * @author may
 * @version 1.0
 * @description 单元测试
 * @date 2025/2/5  20:00
 */
@springboottest
public class coursebasemappertests {

    @autowired
    private coursebasemapper coursebasemapper;

    @test
    public void testcoursebasemapper() {
        coursebase coursebase = coursebasemapper.selectbyid(18l);
//        system.out.println("++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++");
//        system.out.println("coursebase=" + coursebase);
        assertions.assertnotnull(coursebase);
        //进行分页查询的单元测试
        //1.拼装查询条件
        //1.1 查询条件
        querycourseparamsdto courseparamsdto = new querycourseparamsdto();
        courseparamsdto.setcoursename("java");
        courseparamsdto.setpublishstatus("202004");
        //1.2新建wrapper
        lambdaquerywrapper<coursebase> querywrapper = new lambdaquerywrapper<>();
        //1.3根据名称模糊查询,在sql中拼接course_base.name like '%值%'
        querywrapper.like(stringutils.isnotempty(courseparamsdto.getcoursename()),
                coursebase::getname,courseparamsdto.getcoursename());
        //1.4根据课程审核状态查询,在sql中拼接course_base.audit_status=?
        querywrapper.eq(stringutils.isnotempty(courseparamsdto.getauditstatus()),
                coursebase::getauditstatus,courseparamsdto.getauditstatus());
        //1.4根据课程发布状态查询publishstatus
        querywrapper.eq(stringutils.isnotempty(courseparamsdto.getpublishstatus()),
                coursebase::getauditstatus,courseparamsdto.getpublishstatus());
        //1.5创建page分页参数对象,参数:当前页码数/每页记录数
        //1.5.1 获取page分页参数
        pageparams pageparams = new pageparams();
        pageparams.setpageno(1l);
        pageparams.setpagesize(2l);
        //1.5.2将pageparams参数传入page
        page<coursebase> page = new page<>(pageparams.getpageno(), pageparams.getpagesize());
        //1.6开始分页查询
        page<coursebase> pageresult = coursebasemapper.selectpage(page, querywrapper);
        //1.7获取查询结果中的列表和总记录数
        //数据列表
        list<coursebase> records = pageresult.getrecords();
        //总记录数
        long total = pageresult.gettotal();
        //2.1 需要最终返回一个pageresult对象,包括list<t> items, long counts, long page, long pagesize四个参数
//        pageresult<coursebase> coursebasepageresult = new pageresult<>();
//        coursebasepageresult.setitems(records);
//        coursebasepageresult.setcounts(total);
//        coursebasepageresult.setpage(pageparams.getpageno());
//        coursebasepageresult.setpagesize(pageparams.getpagesize());
        pageresult<coursebase> coursebasepageresult =
                new pageresult<>(records, total, pageparams.getpageno(), pageparams.getpagesize());
        system.out.println(coursebasepageresult);
    }
}

5.在main和test模块中,至少要有一个模块下有启动文件,否则测试单元无法正常启动,会报test inogred!