一、map对象
map 对象保存键值对。任何值(对象或者原始值) 都可以作为一个键或一个值。
map中的键值是有序的。
let mymap = new map();
mymap.set("23","乔丹");
mymap.set("33","皮蓬");
let name = mymap.get("33");
console.log(name); //皮蓬
let has = mymap.has("24"); //查找是否含有此键
console.log(has); //falsemap的迭代:
let mymap = new map();
mymap.set("23","乔丹");
mymap.set("33","皮蓬");
mymap.set("99","罗德曼");
//循环键
for (let key of mymap.keys()) {
console.log(key);
}
//循环值
for (let value of mymap.values()) {
console.log(value);
}
//循环键和值
for (let [key, value] of mymap) {
console.log(key + " = " + value);
}
//或
for (let [key, value] of mymap.entries()) {
console.log(key + " = " + value);
}
//使用foreach循环
mymap.foreach(function(value,key){
console.log(key + "=" + value);
},mymap);map 与 array的转换:
//二维数组转换成map对象
let arr = [[23,"乔丹"],[33,"皮蓬"],[99,"罗德曼"]];
let mymap = new map(arr);
for (let [key, value] of mymap) {
console.log(key + " = " + value);
}
//map对象转换成二维数组
let outarr = array.from(mymap);
console.log(outarr);map的克隆:
let mymap1 = new map([[23,"乔丹"],[33,"皮蓬"],[99,"罗德曼"]]);
let mymap2 = new map(mymap1);
for (let [key, value] of mymap2) {
console.log(key + " = " + value);
}map的合并(合并两个 map 对象时,如果有重复的键值,则后面的会覆盖前面的)
let mymap1 = new map([[23,"乔丹"],[33,"皮蓬"],[99,"罗德曼"]]);
let mymap2 = new map([[23,"詹姆斯"],[24,"科比"],[11,"姚明"]]);
let mymap = new map([...mymap1,...mymap2]); //合并之后詹姆斯会替换乔丹
for (let [key, value] of mymap) {
console.log(key + " = " + value);
}二、set对象
set 对象允许你存储任何类型的唯一值,无论是原始值或者是对象引用。
set 对象存储的值总是唯一的,所以需要判断两个值是否恒等。有几个特殊值需要特殊对待:
(1) +0 与 -0 在存储判断唯一性的时候是恒等的,所以不重复;
(2) undefined 与 undefined 是恒等的,所以不重复;
(3) nan 与 nan 是不恒等的,但是在 set 中只能存一个,不重复。
let myset = new set();
myset.add(1);
myset.add("hello"); //这里体现了类型的多样性
myset.add(2);
myset.add(1); //这里添加不了,这里体现了值的唯一性
console.log(myset); //{1,"hello",2}
console.log(myset.has(3)); //false, 是否含有3以下代码体现了对象之间引用不同不恒等,即使值相同,set 也能存储
let myset = new set();
let o = {a: 1, b: 2};
myset.add(o);
myset.add({a: 1, b: 2});
console.log(myset);set类型转换:
//array 转 set
let arr = ["乔丹","皮蓬","罗德曼"];
let myset = new set(arr);
console.log(myset);
//set转array(使用...)
let myset = new set();
myset.add("乔丹");
myset.add("皮蓬");
myset.add("罗德曼");
let arr = [...myset];
console.log(arr);
//字符串转set(注:set中tostring方法是不能将set转换成string)
let myset = new set("hello");
console.log(myset); //h e l o (两个l只出现一次)set对象的作用:
//数组去重复 let myset = new set([1,2,1,2,3,3,4,5,6,4,7]); let arr = [...myset]; console.log(arr); //1,2,3,4,5,6,7 //数组求并集 let a = new set([1, 2, 3]); let b = new set([4, 3, 2]); let union = new set([...a, ...b]); let arr = [...union]; console.log(arr); //1, 2, 3, 4 //数组求交集 let a = new set([1, 2, 3]); let b = new set([4, 3, 2]); let intersect = new set([...a].filter(p=>b.has(p))); let arr = [...intersect]; console.log(arr); //2, 3
到此这篇关于es6基础语法之map和set对象的文章就介绍到这了。希望对大家的学习有所帮助,也希望大家多多支持代码网。
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