Django制作简易注册登录系统的实现示例_Python

前言

django手搭简易的注册登录，不使用django.contrib.auth

一、django是什么？

django 最初被设计用于具有快速开发需求的新闻类站点，目的是要实现简单快捷的网站开发。采用mtv架构（model，template，view）。
说明文档

二、建立django项目

1.新建项目

在这里插入图片描述

选择django新建项目

基本环境

python版本为3.10
mysql版本为8.0
django版本为5.0.3

asgiref==3.8.0
async-timeout==4.0.3
cffi==1.16.0
cryptography==42.0.5
django==5.0.3
django-redis==5.4.0
et-xmlfile==1.1.0
fuzzywuzzy==0.18.0
jieba==0.42.1
numpy==1.26.4
openpyxl==3.1.2
pandas==2.2.1
pillow==10.3.0
pycparser==2.21
pymysql==1.1.0
python-dateutil==2.9.0.post0
pytz==2024.1
redis==5.0.3
six==1.16.0
sqlparse==0.4.4
typing_extensions==4.10.0
tzdata==2024.1
zhon==2.0.2

2.需要安装的包

pip install django
pip install django-redis
pip install pymysql

3.新建app

python manage.py startapp app名称

4.修改settings.py

增加

import pymysql
pymysql.install_as_mysqldb()

修改

installed_apps = [
    'django.contrib.admin',
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',
    'app名称'
]
middleware = [
    'django.middleware.security.securitymiddleware',
    'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.sessionmiddleware',
    'django.middleware.common.commonmiddleware',
    #'django.middleware.csrf.csrfviewmiddleware',
    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.authenticationmiddleware',
    'django.contrib.messages.middleware.messagemiddleware',
    'django.middleware.clickjacking.xframeoptionsmiddleware',
]
databases = {
    'default': {
        'engine': 'django.db.backends.mysql',
        'name': '数据库名称',
        'user': "用户名",
        'password': '密码',
        'port': 3306
        # 'location': ip
    }
}
static_url = '/static/'
static_root = os.path.join(base_dir, 'staticfiles')
staticfiles_dirs = [
    os.path.join(base_dir, 'static'),  # 指定静态文件目录
]
media_root = os.path.join(base_dir, 'media')
media_url = '/media/'

三、在app中写后端

1.model.py

class webuser(models.model):
    class meta:
        db_table = "web_user"
    u_id = models.charfield(primary_key=true, max_length=50)
    u_pwd = models.charfield(max_length=30)
    u_name = models.charfield(max_length=20)

数据库可以自己去建表，表名是web_user，有三个属性，就是u_什么的这些。
也可以使用如下代码，在终端输入后，迁移模型。

python manage.py makemigrations
python manage.py migrate

2.views.py

在app中会有views.py文件

def check_login(request):
    if request.method=="post":
        print("login")
        u_id = request.post.get("u_id")
        u_pwd = request.post.get("u_pwd")
        try:
            user = webuser.objects.get(u_id=u_id)
            print(user)
        except exception as e:
            user = none
            print(e)
        else:
            if u_pwd == user.u_pwd:
                print("success")
                # 登录成功
                request.session["current_user"] = {
                    "u_id": user.u_id,
                    "u_name": user.u_name,
                    # 你可以根据需要添加更多属性
                }
                return httpresponse("ok")
        request.session["current_user"] = none
        return render(request, "login.html", {'msg': '账号或密码错误'})
    elif request.method=="get":
        return render(request, "login.html")
    else:
        redirect("/")
def register(request):
    if request.method=="post":
        u_id = request.post.get("u_id")
        u_pwd = request.post.get("u_pwd")
        u_name = request.post.get("u_name")
        try:
            print("ok")
            user = webuser(u_id=u_id,u_pwd=u_pwd,u_name=u_name)
        except exception as e:
            print(e)
            return jsonresponse({
                'msg': 'register fail',
                'code': 403
            })
        else:
            user.save()
            return jsonresponse({
                'code': 200,
                'msg': 'register success',
            })
    elif request.method=="get":
        return render(request,"register.html")
    else :
        render(request,'index.html')
def logout(request):
    request.session.clear()
    return httpresponse("logout")
def index(request):
    return render(request, "index.html")

3.配置路由

在app中新建urls.py

from django.urls import path

urlpatterns = [
    path("",index,name="index"),
    path('register/',register,name="register"),
    path('login/',check_login,name="login"),
    path('logout/',logout,name="logout")
]

主路由（刚建完项目时的那个目录下）修改如下

from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path, include

urlpatterns = [
    path('', include('app名称.urls')),
    path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
]

四、在template写前端

根据路由，我们有三个页面，首页、登录和注册。

index.html

<!doctype html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="utf-8">
    <title>title</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>首页</h1>
<p>
    <a href="{% url 'register' %}" rel="external nofollow" >register</a>
    <a href="{% url 'login' %}" rel="external nofollow" >login</a>
</p>
</body>
</html>

login.html

<!doctype html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="utf-8">
    <title>title</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>
    login
</h1>
<div style="color:red;font-size:10pt;">{{ msg }}</div>
<form action="{% url 'login' %}" id="frmlogin" method="post">
    <label>
        <input type="text" name = "u_id" placeholder="请输入您的电子邮箱"/>
    </label><br/>
    <label>
        <input type="password" name="u_pwd" placeholder="password"/>
    </label><br/>
    <label>
        <input type="submit" value="submit">
    </label>
</form>
</body>
</html>

register.html

<!doctype html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="utf-8">
    <title>title</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>
    register
</h1>
<form action="{% url 'register' %}" id="register-form" method="post">
    <label>
        <input type="text" name="u_id" placeholder="请输入您的电子邮箱"/>
    </label><br/>
    <label>
        <input type="password" name="u_pwd" placeholder="password"/>
    </label><br/>
    <label>
        <input type="text" name="u_name" placeholder="username"/>
    </label><br/>
    <label>
        <input type="submit" value="submit">
    </label>
</form>

<script>
    document.getelementbyid('register-form').addeventlistener('submit', function (event) {
        event.preventdefault();
        console.log("script")
        alert("script")
        var form = this;
        var formdata = new formdata(form);

        fetch('/register/', {
            method: 'post',
            body: formdata
        })
            .then(response => response.json())
            .then(data => {
                window.alert(data.msg); // 显示消息弹窗
                if (data.code === 200) { // 检查状态码是否为 200
                    settimeout(function () { // 使用 settimeout 来确保弹窗关闭后再重定向
                        window.location.href = '{% url 'login' %}'; // 重定向到登录页面
                    }, 0); // 0 毫秒延迟，但足以让浏览器处理弹窗的关闭
                }
            })
            .catch(error => {
                console.error('error:', error);
            });
    });
</script>
</body>
</html>