【模块系列】STM32&TCS3472

前言

  手上正好有tcs3472模块，也正好想在加深一下自己对i2c协议的理解和应用，所以就写了这个代码库出来。参考的资料主要来源于tcs3472的数据手册，和arduino中mh_tcs3472库的宏定义，和函数名称，我就没有重新命名，方便大家理解和使用修改之类的。

环境

• 开发板：stm32c6t6最小系统板

• 案例的代码环境：keil5+stm32cubemx生成的hal库，oled(4p)+tcs3472

• 案例接线：tcs3472模块的vin接到st-link的5v，oled模块vcc接3.3v。tcs3472和oled的sda接到pb9，scl接到pb8。tcs3472模块的led引脚接pa3(闪烁)或gnd都行，不接的话led的会一直亮，导致rgb值与透明度计算后大于256的。

  注意：假如tcs3472模块的vin接到板载的3.3v的话，可能会发生供电不足的情况。

特点

• 支持i2c协议快速模式，接口数据传输速率高达 400 kbit/s

• tcs3472提供红、绿、蓝(rgb)和透明光©感应值的16位数字量的返回。

• 红、绿、蓝（rgb）和透明光。带红外屏蔽滤光片的感应器。可编程模拟增益和积分时间。3,800,000:1。动态范围灵敏度极高-非常适合在暗玻璃后操作。

• 外置可编程中断引脚，启用可屏蔽中断当超出预设值时，系统会发出电平式中断可编程上下限阈值，带持久性过滤器，从而减少mcu的开销

• 有着电源管理，低功耗-2.5μa 休眠状态65μa等待状态，可编程等待状态时间从2.4ms 至>7 秒

代码

tcs34725.h

#ifndef __tcs34725_h__
#define __tcs34725_h__

#define tcs34725_address          (0x52)		// 八位地址
#define tcs34725_address_7bit     (0x29)		// 七位地址

#define tcs34725_command_bit      (0x80)

#define tcs34725_enable           (0x00)
#define tcs34725_enable_aien      (0x10)    ///< rgbc interrupt enable 
#define tcs34725_enable_wen       (0x08)    ///< wait enable - writing 1 activates the wait timer 
#define tcs34725_enable_aen       (0x02)    ///< rgbc enable - writing 1 actives the adc, 0 disables it 
#define tcs34725_enable_pon       (0x01)    ///< power on - writing 1 activates the internal oscillator, 0 disables it 
#define tcs34725_atime            (0x01)    ///< integration time 
#define tcs34725_wtime            (0x03)    ///< wait time (if tcs34725_enable_wen is asserted) 
#define tcs34725_wtime_2_4ms      (0xff)    ///< wlong0 = 2.4ms   wlong1 = 0.029s 
#define tcs34725_wtime_204ms      (0xab)    ///< wlong0 = 204ms   wlong1 = 2.45s  
#define tcs34725_wtime_614ms      (0x00)    ///< wlong0 = 614ms   wlong1 = 7.4s   
#define tcs34725_ailtl            (0x04)    ///< clear channel lower interrupt threshold 
#define tcs34725_ailth            (0x05)
#define tcs34725_aihtl            (0x06)    ///< clear channel upper interrupt threshold 
#define tcs34725_aihth            (0x07)
#define tcs34725_pers             (0x0c)    ///< persistence register - basic sw filtering mechanism for interrupts 
#define tcs34725_pers_none        (0b0000)  ///< every rgbc cycle generates an interrupt                                
#define tcs34725_pers_1_cycle     (0b0001)  ///< 1 clean channel value outside threshold range generates an interrupt   
#define tcs34725_pers_2_cycle     (0b0010)  ///< 2 clean channel values outside threshold range generates an interrupt  
#define tcs34725_pers_3_cycle     (0b0011)  ///< 3 clean channel values outside threshold range generates an interrupt  
#define tcs34725_pers_5_cycle     (0b0100)  ///< 5 clean channel values outside threshold range generates an interrupt  
#define tcs34725_pers_10_cycle    (0b0101)  ///< 10 clean channel values outside threshold range generates an interrupt 
#define tcs34725_pers_15_cycle    (0b0110)  ///< 15 clean channel values outside threshold range generates an interrupt 
#define tcs34725_pers_20_cycle    (0b0111)  ///< 20 clean channel values outside threshold range generates an interrupt 
#define tcs34725_pers_25_cycle    (0b1000)  ///< 25 clean channel values outside threshold range generates an interrupt 
#define tcs34725_pers_30_cycle    (0b1001)  ///< 30 clean channel values outside threshold range generates an interrupt 
#define tcs34725_pers_35_cycle    (0b1010)  ///< 35 clean channel values outside threshold range generates an interrupt 
#define tcs34725_pers_40_cycle    (0b1011)  ///< 40 clean channel values outside threshold range generates an interrupt 
#define tcs34725_pers_45_cycle    (0b1100)  ///< 45 clean channel values outside threshold range generates an interrupt 
#define tcs34725_pers_50_cycle    (0b1101)  ///< 50 clean channel values outside threshold range generates an interrupt 
#define tcs34725_pers_55_cycle    (0b1110)  ///< 55 clean channel values outside threshold range generates an interrupt 
#define tcs34725_pers_60_cycle    (0b1111)  ///< 60 clean channel values outside threshold range generates an interrupt 
#define tcs34725_config           (0x0d)
#define tcs34725_config_wlong     (0x02)    ///< choose between short and long (12x) wait times via tcs34725_wtime 
#define tcs34725_control          (0x0f)    ///< set the gain level for the sensor 
#define tcs34725_id               (0x12)    ///< 0x44 = tcs34721/tcs34725, 0x4d = tcs34723/tcs34727 
#define tcs34725_status           (0x13)
#define tcs34725_status_aint      (0x10)    ///< rgbc clean channel interrupt 
#define tcs34725_status_avalid    (0x01)    ///< indicates that the rgbc channels have completed an integration cycle 
#define tcs34725_cdatal           (0x14)    ///< clear channel data 
#define tcs34725_cdatah           (0x15)
#define tcs34725_rdatal           (0x16)    ///< red channel data 
#define tcs34725_rdatah           (0x17)
#define tcs34725_gdatal           (0x18)    ///< green channel data 
#define tcs34725_gdatah           (0x19)
#define tcs34725_bdatal           (0x1a)    ///< blue channel data 
#define tcs34725_bdatah           (0x1b)

typedef enum
{
  tcs34725_integrationtime_2_4ms  = 0xff,   ///<  2.4ms - 1 cycle    - max count: 1024  
  tcs34725_integrationtime_24ms   = 0xf6,   ///<  24ms  - 10 cycles  - max count: 10240 
  tcs34725_integrationtime_50ms   = 0xeb,   ///<  50ms  - 20 cycles  - max count: 20480 
  tcs34725_integrationtime_101ms  = 0xd5,   ///<  101ms - 42 cycles  - max count: 43008 
  tcs34725_integrationtime_154ms  = 0xc0,   ///<  154ms - 64 cycles  - max count: 65535 
  tcs34725_integrationtime_700ms  = 0x00    ///<  700ms - 256 cycles - max count: 65535 
}
tcs34725integrationtime_t;

typedef enum
{
  tcs34725_gain_1x                = 0x00,   ///<  no gain  
  tcs34725_gain_4x                = 0x01,   ///<  4x gain  
  tcs34725_gain_16x               = 0x02,   ///<  16x gain 
  tcs34725_gain_60x               = 0x03    ///<  60x gain 
}
tcs34725gain_t;

typedef unsigned          char uint8_t;
typedef unsigned short     int uint16_t;
typedef unsigned           int uint32_t;


/*****	底层函数	 *****/
void tcs34725_writereg(uint8_t reg,uint8_t data);
uint8_t tcs34725_readreg(uint8_t reg);

/*****	功能函数	 *****/
void tcs34725_init(void);						// 初始化tcs34725配置
void tcs34725_enable(void);					// 使能器件
void tcs34725_lock(void);						// 使能tcs34725内部中断
uint8_t tcs34725_getid(void);			// 获取器件id
uint8_t tcs34725_getstatus(void);	// 获取tcs34725状态
void tcs34725_setgain(tcs34725gain_t gain);		// 设置增益
void tcs34725_setintegrationtime(tcs34725integrationtime_t time);		// 设置时间增益
void tcs34725_getrgbc(uint16_t *r, uint16_t *g, uint16_t *b, uint16_t *c);		// 获取tcs34725的颜色反馈


#endif

tcs34725.c

#include "tcs34725.h"
#include "myi2c.h"

/**
 * @描述:基于tcs34725 写寄存器 id-地址-数据
 */
void tcs34725_writereg(uint8_t reg,uint8_t data)
{
	myi2c_start();					
	myi2c_sendbyte(tcs34725_address);			
  myi2c_receiveack();	
	myi2c_sendbyte(tcs34725_command_bit | reg);		
  myi2c_receiveack();			
	myi2c_sendbyte(data);
	myi2c_receiveack();
  myi2c_stop();						
}

/**
 * @描述:基于tcs34725 读寄存器 id-地址-数据
 */
uint8_t tcs34725_readreg(uint8_t reg)
{
	uint8_t redata = 0;
	myi2c_start();					
	myi2c_sendbyte(tcs34725_address);		
	myi2c_receiveack();	
	myi2c_sendbyte(tcs34725_command_bit | reg);			
  myi2c_receiveack();
	
	myi2c_start();	// 666
	myi2c_sendbyte(tcs34725_address | 0x01);		
	myi2c_receiveack();	
	redata = myi2c_receivebyte();
	myi2c_sendack(1);
	
	myi2c_stop();		
  return redata;
}


/**
* @描述:初始化tcs34725配置
*/
void tcs34725_init()
{
	tcs34725_setintegrationtime(tcs34725_integrationtime_101ms);
	tcs34725_setgain(tcs34725_gain_1x);
	tcs34725_enable();
}

/**
* @描述:tcs34725毫秒级延时
*/
void tcs34725_delayms(uint16_t ms)
{
	char i;
	for(i = 0;i < ms;i++)
	{
		myi2c_delayus(1000);
	}
	
}

/**
* @描述:设置时间增益
*/
void tcs34725_setintegrationtime(tcs34725integrationtime_t time)
{
  // 更新时序寄存器
	tcs34725_writereg(tcs34725_atime,time);
}

/**
* @描述:设置增益
*/
void tcs34725_setgain(tcs34725gain_t gain)
{
	// 设置增益
	tcs34725_writereg(tcs34725_control,gain);

}

/**
* @描述:使能器件
*/
void tcs34725_enable(void)
{
	// 开启内部振荡器--启动
	tcs34725_writereg(tcs34725_enable,tcs34725_enable_pon);
  tcs34725_delayms(3);
	// 启动adc
	tcs34725_writereg(tcs34725_enable,tcs34725_enable_pon | tcs34725_enable_aen);
}

/**
* @描述:读取tcs34725指定寄存器
*/
uint16_t tcs34725_readregword(uint8_t reg)
{
  uint16_t h = 0x0000;		// 高八位
	uint16_t l = 0x0000;		// 低八位
	
	myi2c_start();															// i2c开始条件
	myi2c_sendbyte(tcs34725_address);						// i2c发送字节
  myi2c_receiveack();													// i2c接收应答
	myi2c_sendbyte(tcs34725_command_bit | reg | 0x20);	// i2c发送字节
	myi2c_receiveack();													// i2c接收应答
	
  myi2c_start();	// 666
	myi2c_sendbyte(tcs34725_address | 0x01);		
	myi2c_receiveack();	

  h = myi2c_receivebyte();			// i2c接收字节
	myi2c_sendack(0);							// i2c发送应答
	l = myi2c_receivebyte();			// i2c接收字节
	myi2c_sendack(1);							// i2c发送应答
	myi2c_stop();									// i2c结束条件
	
  h <<= 8;
  h |= l;
  return h;
}

/**
* @描述:获取tcs34725的颜色反馈
*/
void tcs34725_getrgbc(uint16_t *r, uint16_t *g, uint16_t *b, uint16_t *c)
{

  *c = tcs34725_readregword(tcs34725_cdatal);
  *r = tcs34725_readregword(tcs34725_rdatal);
  *g = tcs34725_readregword(tcs34725_gdatal);
  *b = tcs34725_readregword(tcs34725_bdatal);
  
  // 给定一定的采集后延时
	tcs34725_delayms(100);
}

/**
* @描述:使能tcs34725内部中断
*/
void tcs34725_lock()
{
	uint8_t r = tcs34725_readreg(tcs34725_enable);
	r |= tcs34725_enable_aien;
	tcs34725_writereg(tcs34725_enable, r);
}

/**
* @描述:获取器件id
* @返回:0x44 = tcs34721/tcs34725, 0x4d = tcs34723/tcs34727 
*/
uint8_t tcs34725_getid()
{
	return tcs34725_readreg(tcs34725_id);
}

/**
* @描述:获取tcs34725状态
* @返回:返回该寄存器数值
*/
uint8_t tcs34725_getstatus()
{
	return tcs34725_readreg(tcs34725_status);
}

现象

工程

链接包含资料：keil5工程代码*1，tcs34727资料手册(英文)*1

链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1bfynq78vgn_rhmdkys3_ka  提取码：1x08