当前位置: 代码网 > it编程>编程语言>C/C++ > C++实现:学生管理系统(详细解析)

C++实现:学生管理系统(详细解析)

2024年07月31日 C/C++ 我要评论
C++实现:学生管理系统(详细解析)

目录

1.题目要求

2.需求分析

3.整体设计

4.详细设计

主函数设计

 学科科目类

主菜单

读取文件与写入文件

 效果如下

 添加学生信息

删除学生信息

​编辑

修改学生信息

显示信息列表

显示学生列表

将学生列表按学号升序排列

将学生列表按平均分降序排列,平均分相同的再按学号升序排列

统计学生数据

清空系统数据

5.总结


1.题目要求

学生成绩管理系统

(1)增加记录:要求可以连续增加多条记录。
(2)查找:可以根据姓名(或学号)查找某个学生的课程成绩,查找某门课程成绩处于指定分数段内的学生名单等等。可以实现模糊查询,即输入名字的一部
分,可以列出满足条件的所有记录。再从这个记录中进行二次选择。
(3)删除一个学生的记录:要求可以先查找,再删除。删除前,要求用户确认。
(4)成绩修改:若输入错误可进行修改;要求可以先查找,再修改。
(5)统计分析:对某个班级学生的单科成绩进行统计,求出平均成绩;求平均成绩要求实现函数的重载,既能求单科的平均成绩,又能求三科总分的平均成绩。
求出一门课程标准差和合格率;
(6)排序功能:要求按总分进行排序(从高到低),若总分相同,则按数学排序;
若总分和数学相同,则按物理排序;若总分和各科成绩都相同,则按学号排
序;
(7)文件操作:可以打开文件,显示班级的所有学生信息;可以将增加或修改后的成绩重新写入文件;可以将排序好的信息写入新的文件;

2.需求分析

基本思路

设计一个学生的类。类的设计测试数据的记录和将要实现的功能。学生成绩

管理系统有若干学生成绩记录组成,学生一条记录包括:学号、姓名、数学

成绩、物理成绩和英语成绩。主函数显示功能菜单,供用户选择操作。每步操

作之前,都要显示菜单。在主函数中调用类的方法

编译环境
在dev-c++上运行通过

3.整体设计

4.详细设计

主函数设计

int main()
{
	studentlist stulist;
	stulist.init(); //读入文件数据初始化
	stulist.menu(); //打开主菜单
	return 0;
}

效果如下

 学科科目类

class subject
{
	public:
		string proname;  //学科名
		double proscore; //分数
		void showcpinfo()
		{
			cout << left << setw(45) << proname;
			cout << left << setw(6) <<  proscore << endl;
		}
		//输出属性名,只显示总积分
		static void showheader()
		{
			cout << left << setw(45) << "科目";
			cout << left << setw(6) <<  "分数" <<endl;
		}
};

 效果如下

主菜单

void menu()
		{
			string sel = "0";
			system("cls");
			cout << "\t\t\t**********欢迎来到学生成绩管理系统**********" << endl;
			cout << "\t\t\t你可以进行以下操作:" << endl;
			cout << "\t\t\t|------------------------------------------|" << endl;
			cout << "\t\t\t|             1   添加学生信息             |" << endl;
			cout << "\t\t\t|------------------------------------------|" << endl;
			cout << "\t\t\t|             2   删除学生信息             |" << endl;
			cout << "\t\t\t|------------------------------------------|" << endl;
			cout << "\t\t\t|             3   修改学生信息             |" << endl;
			cout << "\t\t\t|------------------------------------------|" << endl;
			cout << "\t\t\t|             4   查询学生信息             |" << endl;
			cout << "\t\t\t|------------------------------------------|" << endl;
			cout << "\t\t\t|             5   显示信息列表             |" << endl;
			cout << "\t\t\t|------------------------------------------|" << endl;
			cout << "\t\t\t|             6   统计学生数据             |" << endl;
			cout << "\t\t\t|------------------------------------------|" << endl;
			cout << "\t\t\t|             7   清空系统数据             |" << endl;
			cout << "\t\t\t|------------------------------------------|" << endl;
			cout << "\t\t\t|             0   退出                     |" << endl;
			cout << "\t\t\t|------------------------------------------|" << endl;
			cout << "\t\t\t请选择【0-7】:";
			cin >> sel;
			while(sel != "0" && sel != "1" && sel != "2" && sel != "3" && sel != "4" && sel != "5" && sel != "6" && sel != "7")
			{
				cout << "\t\t\t输入不合法,请重新选择【0-7】:";
				cin >> sel;
			}
			if(sel == "1")
			{
				this->insertlist();
				this->menu();
			}
			else if(sel == "2")
			{
				this->deletelist();
				this->menu();
			}
			else if(sel == "3")
			{
				this->updatelist();
				this->menu();
			}
			else if(sel == "4")
			{
				this->selectlist();
				this->menu();
			}
			else if(sel == "5")
			{
				this->displaylist();
				this->menu();
			}
			else if(sel == "6")
			{
				this->statisticlist();
				this->menu();
			}
			else if(sel == "7")
			{
				this->clearlist();
				this->menu();
			}
			else if(sel == "0")
			{
				exit(0);
			}
		}

 效果如下

读取文件与写入文件

void readfile()
		{
			ifstream ifs;
			ifs.open("stulist.txt", ios::in);
			int n = 0; //用来接收学生数量的值
			ifs >> n;
			for(int i = 0; i < n; i++)
			{
				student s;
				ifs >> s.stunum >> s.stuname >> s.gender >> s.gradenum >> s.department >> s.classnum >> s.cpnum >> s.score;
				for(int j = 0; j < s.cpnum; j++)
				{
					subject cp;
					ifs >> cp.proname >> cp.proscore;
					s.cps.push_back(cp);
				}
				stulist.push_back(s);
			}
			ifs.close();
		}
		//写入文件
		void writefile()
		{
			ofstream ofs;
			ofs.open("stulist.txt", ios::out);
			ofs << stulist.size() << endl; //先写入学生数量
			for (int i = 0; i < stulist.size(); i++)
			{
				ofs << stulist[i].stunum << " " <<  stulist[i].stuname << " " << stulist[i].gender
				    << " " << stulist[i].gradenum << " " << stulist[i].department << " " << stulist[i].classnum
				    << " " << stulist[i].cpnum << " " << stulist[i].score << endl;
				for(int j = 0; j < stulist[i].cps.size(); j++)
				{
					ofs << stulist[i].cps[j].proname << " " << stulist[i].cps[j].proscore << endl;
				}
			}
			ofs.close();
		}

 效果如下

   

 添加学生信息

void insertlist()
		{
			while(true)
			{
				system("cls");
				cout << "\t\t**********************欢迎来到添加学生信息功能*************************" << endl;
				cout<< "\t\t学生基本信息一览表:"<<endl;
				displaystu();
				cout<<endl;
				cout << "\t\t------------------" << endl;
				cout << "\t\t1 添加学生信息" << endl;
				cout << "\t\t2 返回主菜单" << endl;
				cout << "\t\t------------------" << endl;
				cout << "\t\t请选择【1-2】:";
				string sel;
				cin >> sel;
				while(sel != "1" && sel != "2")
				{
					cout << "\t\t输入不合法,请重新输入【1-2】:";
					cin >> sel;
				}
				if(sel == "1")
				{
					string flag = "1";
					while (flag == "1")
					{
						cout << "\t\t输入学生信息:"<<endl;
						cout << "\t\t学号:";
						student s;
						bool check = false;
						do
						{
							check = false;
							cin >> s.stunum;
							for(int i = 0; i < stulist.size(); ++i)
							{
								if(s.stunum == stulist[i].stunum)
								{
									cout<<"\t\t该学号已存在,请重新输入:";
									check = true;
									break;
								}
							}
						}
						while(check);
						cout << "\t\t姓名:";
						cin >> s.stuname;
						cout << "\t\t性别:";
						cin >> s.gender;
						cout << "\t\t年级:";
						cin >> s.gradenum;
						cout<<"\t\t专业:";
						cin >> s.department;
						cout<<"\t\t班级:";
						cin >> s.classnum;
						s.score = 0;
						string option = "1";
						cout<<"\t\t是否添加成绩信息?(1 是 0 否)"<<endl;
						cout << "\t\t请进行选择【0-1】:";
						cin >> option;
						while(option != "0" && option != "1")
						{
							cout << "\t\t输入不合法,请重新选择【0-1】:";
							cin >> option;
						}
						if(option == "1")
						{
							int cnt = 0;
							while(option == "1")
							{
								cnt++;
								subject cp;
								cout<<"\t\t第"<<cnt<<"科科目名称:";
								cin>>cp.proname;
								cout<<"\t\t第"<<cnt<<"科科目成绩:";
								cin>>cp.proscore;
								s.cps.push_back(cp);
								cout << "\t\t该科成绩信息添加成功!是否继续添加?(1 是 0 否)" << endl;
								cout << "\t\t请进行选择【0-1】:";
								cin >> option;
								while(option != "0" && option != "1")
								{
									cout << "\t\t输入不合法,请重新选择【0-1】:";
									cin >> option;
								}
							}
						}
						for(int i = 0; i < s.cps.size(); i++)
						{
							s.score += s.cps[i].proscore;
						}
						if(s.cps.size() > 0) s.score /= s.cps.size(); //计算平均分
						s.cpnum = s.cps.size();
						stulist.push_back(s);
						writefile();
						cout << "\n\t\t该名学生信息添加成功!是否继续添加?(1 是 0 否)" << endl;
						cout << "\t\t请进行选择【0-1】:";
						cin >> flag;
						while(flag != "0" && flag != "1")
						{
							cout << "\t\t输入不合法,请重新选择【0-1】:";
							cin >> flag;
						}
					}
					cout << "\t\t";
					system("pause");
				}
				else
				{
					break;
				}
			}
		}

效果如下

删除学生信息

void deletelist()
		{
			while (true)
			{
				system("cls");
				cout << "\t\t***********************欢迎来到删除学生信息功能***********************" << endl;
				string sel = "0";
				cout << "\t\t-----------------" << endl;
				cout << "\t\t1 按学号删除" << endl;
				cout << "\t\t2 按姓名删除" << endl;
				cout << "\t\t3 返回主菜单" << endl;
				cout << "\t\t-----------------" << endl;
				cout << "\t\t请进行选择【1-3】:";
				cin >> sel;
				while(sel != "1" && sel != "2" && sel != "3")
				{
					cout << "\t\t输入不合法,请重新选择【1-3】:";
					cin >> sel;
				}
				if (sel == "1")
				{
					string keynum;
					bool flag = false;
					cout << "\t\t请输入待删除学生的学号:";
					cin >> keynum;
					for (vector<student>::iterator it = stulist.begin(); it != stulist.end(); ++it)
					{
						if (it->stunum == keynum)
						{
							flag = true;
							cout << "\t\t待删除学生的信息如下:" << endl;
							cout << "\t\t-----------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
							cout<<"\t\t";
							student::showheader();
							cout << "\t\t-----------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
							cout<<"\t\t";
							it->showstuinfo();
							cout << "\t\t-----------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
							cout << "\t\t确认删除?(1 是 0 否)" << endl;
							cout << "\t\t请进行选择【0-1】:";
							string ch = "0";
							cin >> ch;
							while(ch != "0" && ch != "1")
							{
								cout << "\t\t输入不合法,请重新选择【0-1】:";
								cin >> ch;
							}
							if (ch == "0") break;
							else
							{
								stulist.erase(it);
								writefile();
								cout << "\t\t删除成功!" << endl;
								break;
							}
						}
					}
					if (!flag) cout << "\t\t查无此人,无法删除!\n" << endl;
					cout << "\t\t";
					system("pause");
				}
				else if (sel == "2")
				{
					string keyname;
					bool flag = false;
					cout << "\t\t请输入待删除学生的姓名:";
					cin >> keyname;
					for (vector<student>::iterator it = stulist.begin(); it != stulist.end(); ++it)
					{
						if (it->stuname == keyname)
						{
							flag = true;
							cout << "\t\t待删除学生的信息如下:" << endl;
							cout << "\t\t-----------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
							cout<<"\t\t\t";
							student::showheader();
							cout << "\t\t-----------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
							cout<<"\t\t";
							it->showstuinfo();
							cout << "\t\t-----------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
							cout << "\t\t确认删除?(1 是 0 否)" << endl;
							cout << "\t\t请进行选择【0-1】:";
							string ch = "0";
							cin >> ch;
							while(ch != "0" && ch != "1")
							{
								cout << "\t\t输入不合法,请重新选择【0-1】:";
								cin >> ch;
							}
							if (ch == "0") break;
							else
							{
								stulist.erase(it);
								writefile();
								cout << "\t\t删除成功!" << endl;
								break;
							}
						}
					}
					if (!flag) cout << "\t\t查无此人,无法删除!\n" << endl;
					cout << "\t\t";
					system("pause");
				}
				else
				{
					break;
				}
			}
		}

效果如下

修改学生信息

void updatelist()
		{
			while(true)
			{
				system("cls");
				cout << "\t\t***********************欢迎来到修改学生信息功能***********************" << endl;
				string sel = "0";
				cout << "\t\t-----------------" << endl;
				cout << "\t\t1 修改学生基本信息" << endl;
				cout << "\t\t2 修改学生成绩信息" << endl;
				cout << "\t\t3 返回主菜单" << endl;
				cout << "\t\t-----------------" << endl;
				cout << "\t\t请进行选择【1-3】:";
				cin >> sel;
				while(sel != "1" && sel != "2" && sel != "3")
				{
					cout << "\t\t输入不合法,请重新选择【1-3】:";
					cin >> sel;
				}

				if(sel == "1")
				{
					bool flag = false;
					string keynum;
					cout << "\t\t请输入待修改学生的学号:";
					cin >> keynum;
					for (int i = 0; i < stulist.size(); i++)
					{
						if (stulist[i].stunum == keynum)
						{
							flag = true;
							cout << "\t\t待修改学生基本信息如下:" << endl;
							cout << "\t\t-----------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
							cout<<"\t\t";
							student::showheader();
							cout << "\t\t-----------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
							cout<<"\t\t";
							stulist[i].showstuinfo();
							cout << "\t\t-----------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
							
							student s = stulist[i];
							cout << "\t\t请输入修改后的学号:";
							bool check = false;
							do
							{
								check = false;
								cin >> s.stunum;
								for(int j = 0; j < stulist.size(); ++j)
								{
									if(s.stunum == stulist[j].stunum && i != j)
									{
										cout<<"\t\t该学号已被录入,请重新输入学号:";
										check = true;
										break;
									}
								}
							}
							while(check);
							cout << "\t\t请输入修改后的姓名:";
							cin >> s.stuname;
							cout << "\t\t请输入修改后的性别:";
							cin >> s.gender;
							cout << "\t\t请输入修改后的年级:";
							cin >> s.gradenum;
							cout<<"\t\t请输入修改后的专业:";
							cin >> s.department;
							cout<<"\t\t请输入修改后的班级:";
							cin >> s.classnum;
							cout << "\t\t是否确认修改?(1 是 0 否)" << endl;
							cout << "\t\t请进行选择【0-1】:";
							string ch = "0";
							cin >> ch;
							while(ch != "0" && ch != "1")
							{
								cout << "\t\t输入不合法,请重新选择【0-1】:";
								cin >> ch;
							}

							if (ch == "0") break;
							else
							{
								stulist[i] = s;
								cout << "\t\t修改成功!" << endl;
								writefile();
								break;
							}
						}
					}
					if (!flag) cout << "\t\t查无此人,无法修改!\n" << endl;
				}
				else if(sel == "2")
				{
					bool flag = false;
					string keynum;
					cout << "\t\t请输入待修改学生的学号:";
					cin >> keynum;
					for (int i = 0; i < stulist.size(); i++)
					{
						if (stulist[i].stunum == keynum)
						{
							flag = true;
							cout << "\t\t待修改学生成绩信息如下:" << endl;
							cout << "\t\t----------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
							cout<<"\t\t";
							cout << left << setw(8) <<  "编号";
							subject::showheader();
							cout << "\t\t----------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
							for(int j = 0; j < stulist[i].cps.size(); j++)
							{
								cout<<"\t\t";
								cout << left << setw(8) << j + 1;
								stulist[i].cps[j].showcpinfo();
							}
							cout << "\t\t----------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
							student s = stulist[i];
							cout << "\t\t请选择修改方式:"<<endl;
							string option = "1";
							cout << "\t\t-------------------------------" << endl;
							cout << "\t\t1 基于该学生原有成绩信息进行修改" << endl;
							cout << "\t\t2 清空该学生所有科目及成绩信息" << endl;
							cout << "\t\t-------------------------------" << endl;
							cout << "\t\t请进行选择【1-2】:";
							cin >> option;
							while(option != "1" && option != "2")
							{
								cout << "\t\t输入不合法,请重新选择【1-2】:";
								cin >> option;
							}
							subject cp;
							if(option == "1")
							{
								s.cps.clear();
								s.score = 0;
								s.cpnum = 0;
								cout<<"\t\t输入修改后的学科成绩信息:"<<endl;
								int cnt = 0;
								while(option == "1")
								{
									cnt++;
									cout<<"\t\t第"<<cnt<<"科科目名称:";
									cin>>cp.proname;
									cout<<"\t\t第"<<cnt<<"科科目成绩:";
									cin>>cp.proscore;
									s.cps.push_back(cp);
									cout << "\n\t\t添加成功!是否继续添加?(1 是 0 否)" << endl;
									cout << "\t\t请进行选择【0-1】:";
									cin >> option;
									while(option != "0" && option != "1")
									{
										cout << "\t\t输入不合法,请重新选择【0-1】:";
										cin >> option;
									}
								}
							}
							else if(option == "2")
							{
								s.cps.clear();
								s.score = 0;
								s.cpnum = 0;
							}
							//计算平均分
							for(int i = 0; i < s.cps.size(); i++)
							{
								s.score += s.cps[i].proscore;
							}
							if(s.cps.size() > 0) s.cpnum = s.cps.size();
							cout << "\t\t是否确认修改?(1 是 0 否)" << endl;
							cout << "\t\t请进行选择【0-1】:";
							string ch = "0";
							cin >> ch;
							while(ch != "0" && ch != "1")
							{
								cout << "\t\t输入不合法,请重新选择【0-1】:";
								cin >> ch;
							}
							if (ch == "0") break;
							else
							{
								stulist[i] = s;
								cout << "\t\t修改成功!" << endl;
								writefile();
								break;
							}
						}
					}
					if (!flag) cout << "\t\t查无此人,无法修改!\n" << endl;
				}
				else
				{
					break;
				}
				cout << "\t\t";
				system("pause");
			}
		}

效果如下

 

显示信息列表

void selectlist()
		{
			while (true)
			{
				system("cls");
				cout << "\t\t***********************欢迎来到查询学生信息功能************************" << endl;
				cout << "\t\t-----------------" << endl;
				cout << "\t\t1 按学号查询" << endl;
				cout << "\t\t2 按姓名查询" << endl;
				cout << "\t\t3 返回主菜单" << endl;
				cout << "\t\t-----------------" << endl;
				cout << "\t\t请进行选择【1-3】:";
				string sel = "0";
				cin >> sel;
				while(sel != "1" && sel != "2" && sel != "3")
				{
					cout << "\t\t输入不合法,请重新选择【1-3】:";
					cin >> sel;
				}
				if (sel == "1")
				{
					string keynum;
					bool flag = false;
					cout << "\t\t请输入待查询学生的学号:";
					cin >> keynum;
					cout << "\t\t查询结果如下:" << endl;
					cout<<"\t\t基本信息:"<<endl;
					cout << "\t\t-----------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
					cout<<"\t\t";
					student::showheader();
					cout << "\t\t-----------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
					for (int i = 0; i < stulist.size(); i++)
					{
						if (stulist[i].stunum == keynum)
						{
							flag = true;
							cout<<"\t\t";
							stulist[i].showstuinfo();
							cout << "\t\t-----------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
							cout<<endl;
							cout<<"\t\t"<<stulist[i].stuname<<"成绩信息:"<<endl;
							cout << "\t\t----------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
							cout<<"\t\t";
							cout << left << setw(8) <<  "编号";
							subject::showheader();
							cout << "\t\t----------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
							for(int j = 0; j < stulist[i].cps.size(); j++)
							{
								cout<<"\t\t";
								cout << left << setw(8) << j + 1;
								stulist[i].cps[j].showcpinfo();
							}
							cout << "\t\t----------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
							break;
						}
					}
					if (!flag) cout << "\t\t查无此人!\n" << endl;
					cout << "\t\t";
					system("pause");
				}
				else if (sel == "2")
				{
					string keyname;
					bool flag = false;
					cout << "\t\t请输入待查询联系人的姓名:";
					cin >> keyname;
					cout << "\t\t查询结果如下:" << endl;
					cout << "\t\t-----------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
					cout<<"\t\t";
					student::showheader();
					cout << "\t\t-----------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
					for (int i = 0; i < stulist.size(); i++)
					{
						if (stulist[i].stuname == keyname)
						{
							flag = true;
							cout<<"\t\t";
							stulist[i].showstuinfo();
							cout << "\t\t-----------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
							cout<<endl;
							cout<<"\t\t"<<stulist[i].stuname<<"成绩信息:"<<endl;
							cout << "\t\t----------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
							cout<<"\t\t";
							cout << left << setw(8) <<  "编号";
							subject::showheader();
							cout << "\t\t----------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
							for(int j = 0; j < stulist[i].cps.size(); j++)
							{
								cout<<"\t\t";
								cout << left << setw(8) << j + 1;
								stulist[i].cps[j].showcpinfo();
							}
							cout << "\t\t----------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
							break;
						}
					}
					if (!flag) cout << "\t\t查无此人!\n" << endl;
					cout << "\t\t";
					system("pause");
				}
				else 
				{
					break; 
				}
			}
		}
		//遍历学生列表
		void displaystu()
		{
			cout << "\t\t-----------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
			cout<<"\t\t";
			student::showheader();
			cout << "\t\t-----------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
			for (int i = 0; i < stulist.size(); i++)
			{
				cout << "\t\t";
				stulist[i].showstuinfo();
			}
			cout << "\t\t-----------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
		}
		//查询获奖信息
		void displaycp()
		{
			cout << "\t\t-----------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
			cout<<"\t\t";
			cout << left << setw(12) << "学号";
			cout << left << setw(10) <<  "姓名";
			subject::showheader();
			cout << "\t\t-----------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
			for (int i = 0; i < stulist.size(); i++)
			{
				for(int j = 0; j < stulist[i].cps.size(); j++)
				{
					cout << "\t\t";
					cout << left << setw(12) << stulist[i].stunum;
					cout << left << setw(10) <<  stulist[i].stuname;
					stulist[i].cps[j].showcpinfo();
				}
			}
			cout << "\t\t-----------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
		}

显示学生列表

void displaylist()
		{
			system("cls");
			cout << "\t\t***********************欢迎来到显示信息列表功能************************" << endl;
			cout << "\t\t表1:学生基本信息一览表"<<endl;
			this->displaystu();
			cout << "\n\t\t表2:学生成绩信息一览表"<<endl;
			this->displaycp();
			cout << "\t\t";
			system("pause");
		}

 效果如下

将学生列表按学号升序排列

static bool cmpnum(const student& s1,const student& s2)
		{
			return s1.stunum < s2.stunum;
		}

将学生列表按平均分降序排列,平均分相同的再按学号升序排列

static bool cmpscore(const student& s1,const student& s2)
		{
			if(s1.stunum != s2.stunum) return s1.score > s2.score;
			else return s1.stunum < s2.stunum;
		}

统计学生数据

void statisticlist()
		{
			while(true)
			{
				system("cls");
				cout << "\t\t***********************欢迎来到统计学生数据功能************************" << endl;
				string sel = "0";
				cout << "\t\t-----------------" << endl;
				cout << "\t\t1 按学号排序" << endl;
				cout << "\t\t2 按平均分排序" << endl;
				cout << "\t\t3 返回主菜单" << endl;
				cout << "\t\t-----------------" << endl;
				cout << "\t\t请进行选择【1-3】:";
				cin >> sel;
				while(sel != "1" && sel != "2" && sel != "3")
				{
					cout << "\t\t输入不合法,请重新选择【1-3】:";
					cin >> sel;
				}
				if(sel == "1")
				{
					sort(stulist.begin(), stulist.end(), cmpnum);
					cout<<"\t\t按学号升序排列如下:"<<endl;
					this->displaystu();
					int nummale = 0, numfemale = 0;
					for(int i = 0; i < stulist.size(); ++i)
					{
						if(stulist[i].gender == "男") nummale++;
						else if(stulist[i].gender == "女") numfemale++;
					}
					cout<<"\t\t一共 " << stulist.size() << " 人,其中男生 " << nummale << " 人,女生 " << numfemale << " 人。"<<endl;
					cout << "\t\t";
					system("pause");
				}
				else if(sel == "2")
				{
					sort(stulist.begin(), stulist.end(), cmpscore);
					cout<<"\t\t按平均分降序排列如下:"<<endl;
					this->displaystu();
					vector<int> z(10);
					double totalscore = 0;
					for(int i = 0; i < stulist.size(); ++i)
					{
						totalscore += stulist[i].score;
						if(0 <= stulist[i].score && stulist[i].score < 60) z[0]++;
						else if(60 <= stulist[i].score && stulist[i].score < 70) z[1]++;
						else if(70 <= stulist[i].score && stulist[i].score < 80) z[2]++;
						else if(80 <= stulist[i].score && stulist[i].score < 90) z[3]++;
						else z[4]++;
					}
					cout<<"\t\tscore < 60 -------------- " << z[0] << " 人" << endl;
					cout<<"\t\t60 <= score < 70 --------- " << z[1] << " 人" << endl;
					cout<<"\t\t70 <= score < 80 --------- " << z[2] << " 人" << endl;
					cout<<"\t\t80 <= score < 90 --------- " << z[3] << " 人" << endl;
					cout<<"\t\tscore >= 90 ------------- " << z[4] << " 人" << endl;
					cout<<"\t\t所有学生平均分为:"<<totalscore / stulist.size()<<endl;
					cout<<"\t\t"<<stulist.back().gradenum<<"级"<<stulist.back().department<<stulist.back().classnum<<"班---";
					cout<<stulist.back().stuname<<"平均分最低,为:"<<stulist.back().score<<"分"<<endl;
					cout<<"\t\t"<<stulist.front().gradenum<<"级"<<stulist.front().department<<stulist.front().classnum<<"班---";
					cout<<stulist.front().stuname<<"平均分最高,为:"<<stulist.front().score<<"分"<<endl;
					cout << "\t\t";
					system("pause");
				}
				else
				{
					break;
				}
			}
		}

效果如下

清空系统数据

void clearlist()
		{
			while (true)
			{
				string sel = "0";
				system("cls");
				cout << "\t\t**************欢迎来到清空系统数据功能***************" << endl;
				cout << "\t\t------------------" << endl;
				cout << "\t\t1 确认清空系统数据" << endl;
				cout << "\t\t2 返回主菜单" << endl;
				cout << "\t\t------------------" << endl;
				cout << "\t\t请慎重选择【1-2】:";
				cin >> sel;
				while(sel != "1" && sel != "2")
				{
					cout << "\t\t输入不合法,请重新输入【1-2】:";
					cin >> sel;
				}
				if (sel == "1")
				{
					stulist.clear();
					cout << "\t\t清空成功!" << endl;
					cout << "\t\t";
					system("pause");
					writefile();
				}
				else 
				{
					break;
				}
			}
		}
};

效果如下

5.总结

实现亮点:

界面简洁、每次操作完一个功能可进行一次清屏操作,仅保留功能提示文字;

排序功能实现了多种排序方式:单科排序以及总成绩排序

统计功能实现了平均分、及格人数、标准差等数据的统计

输出新文件时可以新建文件名,保存路径,输出文件同时统计数据:包括总分平均分、及格人数、标准差等;

读入文件允许输入文件路径进行读取;
不足之处:

代码实现中有些变量显得多余,部分变量命名与其功能不太匹配;

如需完整代码请给我一个一键三连,并评论:学生管理系统!我会根据大家情况发送完整代码

算了,还是发给大家吧,记得给个三连哈

#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>
#include <string>
#include <iomanip>
using namespace std;
//学科科目类
class subject
{
	public:
		string proname;  //学科名
		double proscore; //分数
		void showcpinfo()
		{
			cout << left << setw(45) << proname;
			cout << left << setw(6) <<  proscore << endl;
		}
		//输出属性名,只显示总积分
		static void showheader()
		{
			cout << left << setw(45) << "科目";
			cout << left << setw(6) <<  "分数" <<endl;
		}
};
//学生类
class student
{
	public:
		string stunum;         //学号
		string stuname;        //姓名
		string gender;         //性别
		int gradenum;          //年级
		string department;     //专业
		int classnum;          //班级
		vector<subject> cps;  //学生的各个科目
		int cpnum;            //科目门数
		double score;         //平均分
		student()
		{
		}
		student(string stunum, string stuname, string gender, int gradenum, string department, int classnum,vector<subject> cps, int cpnum, double score)
		{
			this->stunum = stunum;
			this->stuname = stuname;
			this->gender = gender;
			this->gradenum = gradenum;
			this->department = department;
			this->classnum = classnum;
			this->cps = cps;
			this->cpnum = cpnum;
			this->score = score;
		}
		~student()
		{
		}
		//输出属性值  score是平均分
		void showstuinfo()
		{
			cout << left << setw(12) << stunum;
			cout << left << setw(10) <<  stuname;
			cout << left << setw(6) << gender;
			cout << left << setw(8) << gradenum;
			cout << left << setw(23) << department;
			cout << left << setw(6) << classnum;
			cout << left << setw(6) << score << endl;
		}
		//输出属性名
		static void showheader()
		{
			cout << left << setw(12) << "学号";
			cout << left << setw(10) <<  "姓名";
			cout << left << setw(6) << "性别";
			cout << left << setw(8) << "年级";
			cout << left << setw(23) << "专业";
			cout << left << setw(6) << "班级";
			cout << left << setw(6) << "平均分" << endl;
		}
};
//学生列表类
class studentlist
{
	private:
		vector<student> stulist;
	public:
		studentlist()
		{
		}
		studentlist(vector<student> stulist)
		{
			this->stulist = stulist;
		}
		~studentlist()
		{
		}
		//初始化
		void init()
		{
			readfile(); //读取文件
		}
		//主菜单
		void menu()
		{
			string sel = "0";
			system("cls");
			cout << "\t\t\t**********欢迎来到学生成绩管理系统**********" << endl;
			cout << "\t\t\t你可以进行以下操作:" << endl;
			cout << "\t\t\t|------------------------------------------|" << endl;
			cout << "\t\t\t|             1   添加学生信息             |" << endl;
			cout << "\t\t\t|------------------------------------------|" << endl;
			cout << "\t\t\t|             2   删除学生信息             |" << endl;
			cout << "\t\t\t|------------------------------------------|" << endl;
			cout << "\t\t\t|             3   修改学生信息             |" << endl;
			cout << "\t\t\t|------------------------------------------|" << endl;
			cout << "\t\t\t|             4   查询学生信息             |" << endl;
			cout << "\t\t\t|------------------------------------------|" << endl;
			cout << "\t\t\t|             5   显示信息列表             |" << endl;
			cout << "\t\t\t|------------------------------------------|" << endl;
			cout << "\t\t\t|             6   统计学生数据             |" << endl;
			cout << "\t\t\t|------------------------------------------|" << endl;
			cout << "\t\t\t|             7   清空系统数据             |" << endl;
			cout << "\t\t\t|------------------------------------------|" << endl;
			cout << "\t\t\t|             0   退出                     |" << endl;
			cout << "\t\t\t|------------------------------------------|" << endl;
			cout << "\t\t\t请选择【0-7】:";
			cin >> sel;
			while(sel != "0" && sel != "1" && sel != "2" && sel != "3" && sel != "4" && sel != "5" && sel != "6" && sel != "7")
			{
				cout << "\t\t\t输入不合法,请重新选择【0-7】:";
				cin >> sel;
			}
			if(sel == "1")
			{
				this->insertlist();
				this->menu();
			}
			else if(sel == "2")
			{
				this->deletelist();
				this->menu();
			}
			else if(sel == "3")
			{
				this->updatelist();
				this->menu();
			}
			else if(sel == "4")
			{
				this->selectlist();
				this->menu();
			}
			else if(sel == "5")
			{
				this->displaylist();
				this->menu();
			}
			else if(sel == "6")
			{
				this->statisticlist();
				this->menu();
			}
			else if(sel == "7")
			{
				this->clearlist();
				this->menu();
			}
			else if(sel == "0")
			{
				exit(0);
			}
		}
		//读取文件
		void readfile()
		{
			ifstream ifs;
			ifs.open("stulist.txt", ios::in);
			int n = 0; //用来接收学生数量的值
			ifs >> n;
			for(int i = 0; i < n; i++)
			{
				student s;
				ifs >> s.stunum >> s.stuname >> s.gender >> s.gradenum >> s.department >> s.classnum >> s.cpnum >> s.score;
				for(int j = 0; j < s.cpnum; j++)
				{
					subject cp;
					ifs >> cp.proname >> cp.proscore;
					s.cps.push_back(cp);
				}
				stulist.push_back(s);
			}
			ifs.close();
		}
		//写入文件
		void writefile()
		{
			ofstream ofs;
			ofs.open("stulist.txt", ios::out);
			ofs << stulist.size() << endl; //先写入学生数量
			for (int i = 0; i < stulist.size(); i++)
			{
				ofs << stulist[i].stunum << " " <<  stulist[i].stuname << " " << stulist[i].gender
				    << " " << stulist[i].gradenum << " " << stulist[i].department << " " << stulist[i].classnum
				    << " " << stulist[i].cpnum << " " << stulist[i].score << endl;
				for(int j = 0; j < stulist[i].cps.size(); j++)
				{
					ofs << stulist[i].cps[j].proname << " " << stulist[i].cps[j].proscore << endl;
				}
			}
			ofs.close();
		}
		//添加学生信息
		void insertlist()
		{
			while(true)
			{
				system("cls");
				cout << "\t\t**********************欢迎来到添加学生信息功能*************************" << endl;
				cout<< "\t\t学生基本信息一览表:"<<endl;
				displaystu();
				cout<<endl;
				cout << "\t\t------------------" << endl;
				cout << "\t\t1 添加学生信息" << endl;
				cout << "\t\t2 返回主菜单" << endl;
				cout << "\t\t------------------" << endl;
				cout << "\t\t请选择【1-2】:";
				string sel;
				cin >> sel;
				while(sel != "1" && sel != "2")
				{
					cout << "\t\t输入不合法,请重新输入【1-2】:";
					cin >> sel;
				}
				if(sel == "1")
				{
					string flag = "1";
					while (flag == "1")
					{
						cout << "\t\t输入学生信息:"<<endl;
						cout << "\t\t学号:";
						student s;
						bool check = false;
						do
						{
							check = false;
							cin >> s.stunum;
							for(int i = 0; i < stulist.size(); ++i)
							{
								if(s.stunum == stulist[i].stunum)
								{
									cout<<"\t\t该学号已存在,请重新输入:";
									check = true;
									break;
								}
							}
						}
						while(check);
						cout << "\t\t姓名:";
						cin >> s.stuname;
						cout << "\t\t性别:";
						cin >> s.gender;
						cout << "\t\t年级:";
						cin >> s.gradenum;
						cout<<"\t\t专业:";
						cin >> s.department;
						cout<<"\t\t班级:";
						cin >> s.classnum;
						s.score = 0;
						string option = "1";
						cout<<"\t\t是否添加成绩信息?(1 是 0 否)"<<endl;
						cout << "\t\t请进行选择【0-1】:";
						cin >> option;
						while(option != "0" && option != "1")
						{
							cout << "\t\t输入不合法,请重新选择【0-1】:";
							cin >> option;
						}
						if(option == "1")
						{
							int cnt = 0;
							while(option == "1")
							{
								cnt++;
								subject cp;
								cout<<"\t\t第"<<cnt<<"科科目名称:";
								cin>>cp.proname;
								cout<<"\t\t第"<<cnt<<"科科目成绩:";
								cin>>cp.proscore;
								s.cps.push_back(cp);
								cout << "\t\t该科成绩信息添加成功!是否继续添加?(1 是 0 否)" << endl;
								cout << "\t\t请进行选择【0-1】:";
								cin >> option;
								while(option != "0" && option != "1")
								{
									cout << "\t\t输入不合法,请重新选择【0-1】:";
									cin >> option;
								}
							}
						}
						for(int i = 0; i < s.cps.size(); i++)
						{
							s.score += s.cps[i].proscore;
						}
						if(s.cps.size() > 0) s.score /= s.cps.size(); //计算平均分
						s.cpnum = s.cps.size();
						stulist.push_back(s);
						writefile();
						cout << "\n\t\t该名学生信息添加成功!是否继续添加?(1 是 0 否)" << endl;
						cout << "\t\t请进行选择【0-1】:";
						cin >> flag;
						while(flag != "0" && flag != "1")
						{
							cout << "\t\t输入不合法,请重新选择【0-1】:";
							cin >> flag;
						}
					}
					cout << "\t\t";
					system("pause");
				}
				else
				{
					break;
				}
			}
		}
		//删除学生信息
		void deletelist()
		{
			while (true)
			{
				system("cls");
				cout << "\t\t***********************欢迎来到删除学生信息功能***********************" << endl;
				string sel = "0";
				cout << "\t\t-----------------" << endl;
				cout << "\t\t1 按学号删除" << endl;
				cout << "\t\t2 按姓名删除" << endl;
				cout << "\t\t3 返回主菜单" << endl;
				cout << "\t\t-----------------" << endl;
				cout << "\t\t请进行选择【1-3】:";
				cin >> sel;
				while(sel != "1" && sel != "2" && sel != "3")
				{
					cout << "\t\t输入不合法,请重新选择【1-3】:";
					cin >> sel;
				}
				if (sel == "1")
				{
					string keynum;
					bool flag = false;
					cout << "\t\t请输入待删除学生的学号:";
					cin >> keynum;
					for (vector<student>::iterator it = stulist.begin(); it != stulist.end(); ++it)
					{
						if (it->stunum == keynum)
						{
							flag = true;
							cout << "\t\t待删除学生的信息如下:" << endl;
							cout << "\t\t-----------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
							cout<<"\t\t";
							student::showheader();
							cout << "\t\t-----------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
							cout<<"\t\t";
							it->showstuinfo();
							cout << "\t\t-----------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
							cout << "\t\t确认删除?(1 是 0 否)" << endl;
							cout << "\t\t请进行选择【0-1】:";
							string ch = "0";
							cin >> ch;
							while(ch != "0" && ch != "1")
							{
								cout << "\t\t输入不合法,请重新选择【0-1】:";
								cin >> ch;
							}
							if (ch == "0") break;
							else
							{
								stulist.erase(it);
								writefile();
								cout << "\t\t删除成功!" << endl;
								break;
							}
						}
					}
					if (!flag) cout << "\t\t查无此人,无法删除!\n" << endl;
					cout << "\t\t";
					system("pause");
				}
				else if (sel == "2")
				{
					string keyname;
					bool flag = false;
					cout << "\t\t请输入待删除学生的姓名:";
					cin >> keyname;
					for (vector<student>::iterator it = stulist.begin(); it != stulist.end(); ++it)
					{
						if (it->stuname == keyname)
						{
							flag = true;
							cout << "\t\t待删除学生的信息如下:" << endl;
							cout << "\t\t-----------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
							cout<<"\t\t\t";
							student::showheader();
							cout << "\t\t-----------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
							cout<<"\t\t";
							it->showstuinfo();
							cout << "\t\t-----------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
							cout << "\t\t确认删除?(1 是 0 否)" << endl;
							cout << "\t\t请进行选择【0-1】:";
							string ch = "0";
							cin >> ch;
							while(ch != "0" && ch != "1")
							{
								cout << "\t\t输入不合法,请重新选择【0-1】:";
								cin >> ch;
							}
							if (ch == "0") break;
							else
							{
								stulist.erase(it);
								writefile();
								cout << "\t\t删除成功!" << endl;
								break;
							}
						}
					}
					if (!flag) cout << "\t\t查无此人,无法删除!\n" << endl;
					cout << "\t\t";
					system("pause");
				}
				else
				{
					break;
				}
			}
		}
		//修改学生信息
		void updatelist()
		{
			while(true)
			{
				system("cls");
				cout << "\t\t***********************欢迎来到修改学生信息功能***********************" << endl;
				string sel = "0";
				cout << "\t\t-----------------" << endl;
				cout << "\t\t1 修改学生基本信息" << endl;
				cout << "\t\t2 修改学生成绩信息" << endl;
				cout << "\t\t3 返回主菜单" << endl;
				cout << "\t\t-----------------" << endl;
				cout << "\t\t请进行选择【1-3】:";
				cin >> sel;
				while(sel != "1" && sel != "2" && sel != "3")
				{
					cout << "\t\t输入不合法,请重新选择【1-3】:";
					cin >> sel;
				}

				if(sel == "1")
				{
					bool flag = false;
					string keynum;
					cout << "\t\t请输入待修改学生的学号:";
					cin >> keynum;
					for (int i = 0; i < stulist.size(); i++)
					{
						if (stulist[i].stunum == keynum)
						{
							flag = true;
							cout << "\t\t待修改学生基本信息如下:" << endl;
							cout << "\t\t-----------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
							cout<<"\t\t";
							student::showheader();
							cout << "\t\t-----------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
							cout<<"\t\t";
							stulist[i].showstuinfo();
							cout << "\t\t-----------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
							
							student s = stulist[i];
							cout << "\t\t请输入修改后的学号:";
							bool check = false;
							do
							{
								check = false;
								cin >> s.stunum;
								for(int j = 0; j < stulist.size(); ++j)
								{
									if(s.stunum == stulist[j].stunum && i != j)
									{
										cout<<"\t\t该学号已被录入,请重新输入学号:";
										check = true;
										break;
									}
								}
							}
							while(check);
							cout << "\t\t请输入修改后的姓名:";
							cin >> s.stuname;
							cout << "\t\t请输入修改后的性别:";
							cin >> s.gender;
							cout << "\t\t请输入修改后的年级:";
							cin >> s.gradenum;
							cout<<"\t\t请输入修改后的专业:";
							cin >> s.department;
							cout<<"\t\t请输入修改后的班级:";
							cin >> s.classnum;
							cout << "\t\t是否确认修改?(1 是 0 否)" << endl;
							cout << "\t\t请进行选择【0-1】:";
							string ch = "0";
							cin >> ch;
							while(ch != "0" && ch != "1")
							{
								cout << "\t\t输入不合法,请重新选择【0-1】:";
								cin >> ch;
							}

							if (ch == "0") break;
							else
							{
								stulist[i] = s;
								cout << "\t\t修改成功!" << endl;
								writefile();
								break;
							}
						}
					}
					if (!flag) cout << "\t\t查无此人,无法修改!\n" << endl;
				}
				else if(sel == "2")
				{
					bool flag = false;
					string keynum;
					cout << "\t\t请输入待修改学生的学号:";
					cin >> keynum;
					for (int i = 0; i < stulist.size(); i++)
					{
						if (stulist[i].stunum == keynum)
						{
							flag = true;
							cout << "\t\t待修改学生成绩信息如下:" << endl;
							cout << "\t\t----------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
							cout<<"\t\t";
							cout << left << setw(8) <<  "编号";
							subject::showheader();
							cout << "\t\t----------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
							for(int j = 0; j < stulist[i].cps.size(); j++)
							{
								cout<<"\t\t";
								cout << left << setw(8) << j + 1;
								stulist[i].cps[j].showcpinfo();
							}
							cout << "\t\t----------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
							student s = stulist[i];
							cout << "\t\t请选择修改方式:"<<endl;
							string option = "1";
							cout << "\t\t-------------------------------" << endl;
							cout << "\t\t1 基于该学生原有成绩信息进行修改" << endl;
							cout << "\t\t2 清空该学生所有科目及成绩信息" << endl;
							cout << "\t\t-------------------------------" << endl;
							cout << "\t\t请进行选择【1-2】:";
							cin >> option;
							while(option != "1" && option != "2")
							{
								cout << "\t\t输入不合法,请重新选择【1-2】:";
								cin >> option;
							}
							subject cp;
							if(option == "1")
							{
								s.cps.clear();
								s.score = 0;
								s.cpnum = 0;
								cout<<"\t\t输入修改后的学科成绩信息:"<<endl;
								int cnt = 0;
								while(option == "1")
								{
									cnt++;
									cout<<"\t\t第"<<cnt<<"科科目名称:";
									cin>>cp.proname;
									cout<<"\t\t第"<<cnt<<"科科目成绩:";
									cin>>cp.proscore;
									s.cps.push_back(cp);
									cout << "\n\t\t添加成功!是否继续添加?(1 是 0 否)" << endl;
									cout << "\t\t请进行选择【0-1】:";
									cin >> option;
									while(option != "0" && option != "1")
									{
										cout << "\t\t输入不合法,请重新选择【0-1】:";
										cin >> option;
									}
								}
							}
							else if(option == "2")
							{
								s.cps.clear();
								s.score = 0;
								s.cpnum = 0;
							}
							//计算平均分
							for(int i = 0; i < s.cps.size(); i++)
							{
								s.score += s.cps[i].proscore;
							}
							if(s.cps.size() > 0) s.cpnum = s.cps.size();
							cout << "\t\t是否确认修改?(1 是 0 否)" << endl;
							cout << "\t\t请进行选择【0-1】:";
							string ch = "0";
							cin >> ch;
							while(ch != "0" && ch != "1")
							{
								cout << "\t\t输入不合法,请重新选择【0-1】:";
								cin >> ch;
							}
							if (ch == "0") break;
							else
							{
								stulist[i] = s;
								cout << "\t\t修改成功!" << endl;
								writefile();
								break;
							}
						}
					}
					if (!flag) cout << "\t\t查无此人,无法修改!\n" << endl;
				}
				else
				{
					break;
				}
				cout << "\t\t";
				system("pause");
			}
		}
		//查询学生信息
		void selectlist()
		{
			while (true)
			{
				system("cls");
				cout << "\t\t***********************欢迎来到查询学生信息功能************************" << endl;
				cout << "\t\t-----------------" << endl;
				cout << "\t\t1 按学号查询" << endl;
				cout << "\t\t2 按姓名查询" << endl;
				cout << "\t\t3 返回主菜单" << endl;
				cout << "\t\t-----------------" << endl;
				cout << "\t\t请进行选择【1-3】:";
				string sel = "0";
				cin >> sel;
				while(sel != "1" && sel != "2" && sel != "3")
				{
					cout << "\t\t输入不合法,请重新选择【1-3】:";
					cin >> sel;
				}
				if (sel == "1")
				{
					string keynum;
					bool flag = false;
					cout << "\t\t请输入待查询学生的学号:";
					cin >> keynum;
					cout << "\t\t查询结果如下:" << endl;
					cout<<"\t\t基本信息:"<<endl;
					cout << "\t\t-----------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
					cout<<"\t\t";
					student::showheader();
					cout << "\t\t-----------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
					for (int i = 0; i < stulist.size(); i++)
					{
						if (stulist[i].stunum == keynum)
						{
							flag = true;
							cout<<"\t\t";
							stulist[i].showstuinfo();
							cout << "\t\t-----------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
							cout<<endl;
							cout<<"\t\t"<<stulist[i].stuname<<"成绩信息:"<<endl;
							cout << "\t\t----------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
							cout<<"\t\t";
							cout << left << setw(8) <<  "编号";
							subject::showheader();
							cout << "\t\t----------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
							for(int j = 0; j < stulist[i].cps.size(); j++)
							{
								cout<<"\t\t";
								cout << left << setw(8) << j + 1;
								stulist[i].cps[j].showcpinfo();
							}
							cout << "\t\t----------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
							break;
						}
					}
					if (!flag) cout << "\t\t查无此人!\n" << endl;
					cout << "\t\t";
					system("pause");
				}
				else if (sel == "2")
				{
					string keyname;
					bool flag = false;
					cout << "\t\t请输入待查询联系人的姓名:";
					cin >> keyname;
					cout << "\t\t查询结果如下:" << endl;
					cout << "\t\t-----------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
					cout<<"\t\t";
					student::showheader();
					cout << "\t\t-----------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
					for (int i = 0; i < stulist.size(); i++)
					{
						if (stulist[i].stuname == keyname)
						{
							flag = true;
							cout<<"\t\t";
							stulist[i].showstuinfo();
							cout << "\t\t-----------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
							cout<<endl;
							cout<<"\t\t"<<stulist[i].stuname<<"成绩信息:"<<endl;
							cout << "\t\t----------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
							cout<<"\t\t";
							cout << left << setw(8) <<  "编号";
							subject::showheader();
							cout << "\t\t----------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
							for(int j = 0; j < stulist[i].cps.size(); j++)
							{
								cout<<"\t\t";
								cout << left << setw(8) << j + 1;
								stulist[i].cps[j].showcpinfo();
							}
							cout << "\t\t----------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
							break;
						}
					}
					if (!flag) cout << "\t\t查无此人!\n" << endl;
					cout << "\t\t";
					system("pause");
				}
				else 
				{
					break; 
				}
			}
		}
		//遍历学生列表
		void displaystu()
		{
			cout << "\t\t-----------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
			cout<<"\t\t";
			student::showheader();
			cout << "\t\t-----------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
			for (int i = 0; i < stulist.size(); i++)
			{
				cout << "\t\t";
				stulist[i].showstuinfo();
			}
			cout << "\t\t-----------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
		}
		//查询获奖信息
		void displaycp()
		{
			cout << "\t\t-----------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
			cout<<"\t\t";
			cout << left << setw(12) << "学号";
			cout << left << setw(10) <<  "姓名";
			subject::showheader();
			cout << "\t\t-----------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
			for (int i = 0; i < stulist.size(); i++)
			{
				for(int j = 0; j < stulist[i].cps.size(); j++)
				{
					cout << "\t\t";
					cout << left << setw(12) << stulist[i].stunum;
					cout << left << setw(10) <<  stulist[i].stuname;
					stulist[i].cps[j].showcpinfo();
				}
			}
			cout << "\t\t-----------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
		}

		//显示信息列表
		void displaylist()
		{
			system("cls");
			cout << "\t\t***********************欢迎来到显示信息列表功能************************" << endl;
			cout << "\t\t表1:学生基本信息一览表"<<endl;
			this->displaystu();
			cout << "\n\t\t表2:学生成绩信息一览表"<<endl;
			this->displaycp();
			cout << "\t\t";
			system("pause");
		}
		//将学生列表按学号升序排列
		static bool cmpnum(const student& s1,const student& s2)
		{
			return s1.stunum < s2.stunum;
		}
		//将学生列表按平均分降序排列,平均分相同的再按学号升序排列
		static bool cmpscore(const student& s1,const student& s2)
		{
			if(s1.stunum != s2.stunum) return s1.score > s2.score;
			else return s1.stunum < s2.stunum;
		}
		//统计学生数据
		void statisticlist()
		{
			while(true)
			{
				system("cls");
				cout << "\t\t***********************欢迎来到统计学生数据功能************************" << endl;
				string sel = "0";
				cout << "\t\t-----------------" << endl;
				cout << "\t\t1 按学号排序" << endl;
				cout << "\t\t2 按平均分排序" << endl;
				cout << "\t\t3 返回主菜单" << endl;
				cout << "\t\t-----------------" << endl;
				cout << "\t\t请进行选择【1-3】:";
				cin >> sel;
				while(sel != "1" && sel != "2" && sel != "3")
				{
					cout << "\t\t输入不合法,请重新选择【1-3】:";
					cin >> sel;
				}
				if(sel == "1")
				{
					sort(stulist.begin(), stulist.end(), cmpnum);
					cout<<"\t\t按学号升序排列如下:"<<endl;
					this->displaystu();
					int nummale = 0, numfemale = 0;
					for(int i = 0; i < stulist.size(); ++i)
					{
						if(stulist[i].gender == "男") nummale++;
						else if(stulist[i].gender == "女") numfemale++;
					}
					cout<<"\t\t一共 " << stulist.size() << " 人,其中男生 " << nummale << " 人,女生 " << numfemale << " 人。"<<endl;
					cout << "\t\t";
					system("pause");
				}
				else if(sel == "2")
				{
					sort(stulist.begin(), stulist.end(), cmpscore);
					cout<<"\t\t按平均分降序排列如下:"<<endl;
					this->displaystu();
					vector<int> z(10);
					double totalscore = 0;
					for(int i = 0; i < stulist.size(); ++i)
					{
						totalscore += stulist[i].score;
						if(0 <= stulist[i].score && stulist[i].score < 60) z[0]++;
						else if(60 <= stulist[i].score && stulist[i].score < 70) z[1]++;
						else if(70 <= stulist[i].score && stulist[i].score < 80) z[2]++;
						else if(80 <= stulist[i].score && stulist[i].score < 90) z[3]++;
						else z[4]++;
					}
					cout<<"\t\tscore < 60 -------------- " << z[0] << " 人" << endl;
					cout<<"\t\t60 <= score < 70 --------- " << z[1] << " 人" << endl;
					cout<<"\t\t70 <= score < 80 --------- " << z[2] << " 人" << endl;
					cout<<"\t\t80 <= score < 90 --------- " << z[3] << " 人" << endl;
					cout<<"\t\tscore >= 90 ------------- " << z[4] << " 人" << endl;
					cout<<"\t\t所有学生平均分为:"<<totalscore / stulist.size()<<endl;
					cout<<"\t\t"<<stulist.back().gradenum<<"级"<<stulist.back().department<<stulist.back().classnum<<"班---";
					cout<<stulist.back().stuname<<"平均分最低,为:"<<stulist.back().score<<"分"<<endl;
					cout<<"\t\t"<<stulist.front().gradenum<<"级"<<stulist.front().department<<stulist.front().classnum<<"班---";
					cout<<stulist.front().stuname<<"平均分最高,为:"<<stulist.front().score<<"分"<<endl;
					cout << "\t\t";
					system("pause");
				}
				else
				{
					break;
				}
			}
		}
		//清空系统数据
		void clearlist()
		{
			while (true)
			{
				string sel = "0";
				system("cls");
				cout << "\t\t**************欢迎来到清空系统数据功能***************" << endl;
				cout << "\t\t------------------" << endl;
				cout << "\t\t1 确认清空系统数据" << endl;
				cout << "\t\t2 返回主菜单" << endl;
				cout << "\t\t------------------" << endl;
				cout << "\t\t请慎重选择【1-2】:";
				cin >> sel;
				while(sel != "1" && sel != "2")
				{
					cout << "\t\t输入不合法,请重新输入【1-2】:";
					cin >> sel;
				}
				if (sel == "1")
				{
					stulist.clear();
					cout << "\t\t清空成功!" << endl;
					cout << "\t\t";
					system("pause");
					writefile();
				}
				else 
				{
					break;
				}
			}
		}
};

int main()
{
	studentlist stulist;
	stulist.init(); //读入文件数据初始化
	stulist.menu(); //打开主菜单
	return 0;
}

(0)

相关文章:

版权声明:本文内容由互联网用户贡献,该文观点仅代表作者本人。本站仅提供信息存储服务,不拥有所有权,不承担相关法律责任。 如发现本站有涉嫌抄袭侵权/违法违规的内容, 请发送邮件至 2386932994@qq.com 举报,一经查实将立刻删除。

发表评论

验证码:
Copyright © 2017-2025  代码网 保留所有权利. 粤ICP备2024248653号
站长QQ:2386932994 | 联系邮箱:2386932994@qq.com