这里的源码用的java8版本
lock方法#
当reentrantlock类的实例对象尝试获取锁的时候,调用lock方法
会进入sync的lock方法,其中sync是reentrantlock的一个内部类,reentrantlock构造方法会默认使用非公平锁nonfairsync,这个类是继承于sync的
final void lock() {
if (!initialtrylock())
acquire(1);
}
// 其中sync的initialtrylock是抽象方法,需要看非公平锁实现方法
[!tip]
在这里是第一次尝试获取锁
由于reentrantlock是个可重入锁,判断里有重入的判断
final boolean initialtrylock() {
thread current = thread.currentthread();
// 获取当前线程的对象
if (compareandsetstate(0, 1)) { // first attempt is unguarded
// 用cas比较state状态是否为0(无人持有锁),如果是,就转为1(获取到锁)
setexclusiveownerthread(current);
// 将当前进程设置为拥有锁的线程
return true;
} else if (getexclusiveownerthread() == current) {
// 当前线程为拥有锁的线程(重复获取),重入
int c = getstate() + 1;
if (c < 0) // overflow
// 负数,state是个int类型数据,超出可能导致溢出变为负数
throw new error("maximum lock count exceeded");
setstate(c);
// 设置新的state
return true;
} else
// 已有线程占锁,返回为false
return false;
}
然后开始调用acquire方法,传入1
public final void acquire(int arg) {
if (!tryacquire(arg) &&
acquirequeued(addwaiter(node.exclusive), arg))
selfinterrupt();
}
调用tryacquire()方法,其中tryacquire()方法是一个只有抛出异常的方法,需要重写,我们看非公平锁的写法
[!tip]
这是第二次获取锁
protected final boolean tryacquire(int acquires) {
if (getstate() == 0 && !hasqueuedpredecessors() &&
compareandsetstate(0, acquires)) {
setexclusiveownerthread(thread.currentthread());
return true;
}
return false;
}
这里,如果state是0,即没有线程占用锁的情况下getstate() == 0这个为真!hasqueuedpredecessors()执行这个方法,这个方法会检查是否已经出现了等待队列
public final boolean hasqueuedpredecessors() {
thread first = null; node h, s;
if ((h = head) != null && ((s = h.next) == null ||
(first = s.waiter) == null ||
s.prev == null))
first = getfirstqueuedthread(); // retry via getfirstqueuedthread
return first != null && first != thread.currentthread();
}
当未出现 同步队列/阻塞队列 ,或者当前线程是队列的第一个时,执行compareandsetstate(0, acquires),第二次尝试获取锁,如果成功,返回真
否则返回假,执行acquirequeued(addwaiter(node.exclusive), arg))
private node addwaiter(node mode) {
node node = new node(thread.currentthread(), mode);
// try the fast path of enq; backup to full enq on failure
node pred = tail;
if (pred != null) {
node.prev = pred;
if (compareandsettail(pred, node)) {
// 尝试加入队尾
pred.next = node;
return node;
}
}
enq(node);
return node;
}
node是双向队列:阻塞队列一个节点,是为了保证原子化所以包装起来的
如果tail尾指针指向的节点不为空,则设置新生成的为尾指针指向的
否则(阻塞队列为空),调用enq函数
private node enq(final node node) {
for (;;) {
node t = tail;
if (t == null) { // must initialize
if (compareandsethead(new node()))
// 使用cas,防止多线程同时创建头节点,所以本质上还是需要抢入队顺序
tail = head;
// 初始化头节点,并将尾指针指向头节点
} else {
node.prev = t;
if (compareandsettail(t, node)) {
// 判断t是否为尾节点,如果有线程更快的改掉尾节点,那么修改失败,
// 重新进入for循环
t.next = node;
return t;
// 修改成功
}
}
}
}
[!tip]
这是第三次尝试获取锁
final boolean acquirequeued(final node node, int arg) {
boolean failed = true;
try {
boolean interrupted = false;
for (;;) {
final node p = node.predecessor();
// 获取node的前一个节点,如果前一个节点是头节点(当前节点是第一个)
// 执行tryacquire(arg),执行第三次尝试获取锁
if (p == head && tryacquire(arg)) {
// 获取锁成功,出队
sethead(node);// 将node设为头节点
p.next = null; // help gc
failed = false;
return interrupted;
}
if (shouldparkafterfailedacquire(p, node) &&
parkandcheckinterrupt())
interrupted = true;
}
} finally {
if (failed)
cancelacquire(node);
}
}
如果第三次尝试获取锁失败了,会调用shouldparkafterfailedacquire()方法,将node的前一个节点传入(node一直都是加入的节点)
private static boolean shouldparkafterfailedacquire(node pred, node node) {
int ws = pred.waitstatus;
if (ws == node.signal)
// 确认前面的节点处于signal状态,即确认前面的节点会叫醒自己
/*
* this node has already set status asking a release
* to signal it, so it can safely park.
*/
return true;
if (ws > 0) {
/*
* predecessor was cancelled. skip over predecessors and
* indicate retry.
*/
do {
node.prev = pred = pred.prev;
} while (pred.waitstatus > 0);
// node里面仅有一个大于零的状态,即1取消状态,也就是说当前任务被取消了
// 持续循环值找到不再取消的节点
pred.next = node;
} else {
// 将前一个节点用cas转为node.signal状态-1,返回为false
/*
* waitstatus must be 0 or propagate. indicate that we
* need a signal, but don't park yet. caller will need to
* retry to make sure it cannot acquire before parking.
*/
compareandsetwaitstatus(pred, ws, node.signal);
}
return false;
}
这里插一嘴,node节点有一些状态,来体现其的任务状态,如前面传入的就是独占队列,addwaiter(node.exclusive)
static final class node {
/** marker to indicate a node is waiting in shared mode */
static final node shared = new node();
// 共享队列
/** marker to indicate a node is waiting in exclusive mode */
static final node exclusive = null;
// 独占队列
/** waitstatus value to indicate thread has cancelled */// 取消
static final int cancelled = 1;
// 已被取消
/** waitstatus value to indicate successor's thread needs unparking */
static final int signal = -1;
// 表示next节点已经park,需要被唤醒
/** waitstatus value to indicate thread is waiting on condition */
static final int condition = -2;
/**
* waitstatus value to indicate the next acquireshared should
* unconditionally propagate
*/
// 共享状态
static final int propagate = -3;
if (shouldparkafterfailedacquire(p, node) &&
parkandcheckinterrupt())
interrupted = true;
如果前一个节点的waitstate是0,会被cas转为-1,然后返回false,进而不会执行parkandcheckinterrupt(),继续for的无限循环,这里有可能出现第四次尝试
如果前一个节点的waitstate是-1,该函数返回一个true,也就可以继续执行parkandcheckinterrupt()
private final boolean parkandcheckinterrupt() {
locksupport.park(this);
return thread.interrupted();
}
当前线程进入park状态
至此我们完成了这个的lock过程
unlock方法#
unlock()也是公平锁以及非公平锁都有的方法,同样继承了sync
public void unlock() {
sync.release(1);
}
sync的release方法
public final boolean release(int arg) {
if (tryrelease(arg)) {
node h = head;
if (h != null && h.waitstatus != 0)
unparksuccessor(h);
return true;
}
return false;
}
首先尝试tryrelease方法
protected final boolean tryrelease(int releases) {
int c = getstate() - releases;
if (thread.currentthread() != getexclusiveownerthread())
throw new illegalmonitorstateexception();
boolean free = false;
if (c == 0) {
free = true;
setexclusiveownerthread(null);
}
setstate(c);
return free;
}
如果成功醒过来,该线程依然处于一种park的位置上,即parkandcheckinterrupt这个方法上,这个方法返回是否被中断reentrantlock这个锁仅获取中断信息,而不会做出任何操作
final boolean acquirequeued(final node node, int arg) {
boolean failed = true;
try {
boolean interrupted = false;
for (;;) {
final node p = node.predecessor();
if (p == head && tryacquire(arg)) {
sethead(node);
p.next = null; // help gc
failed = false;
return interrupted;
}
if (shouldparkafterfailedacquire(p, node) &&
parkandcheckinterrupt())
interrupted = true;
}
} finally {
if (failed)
cancelacquire(node);
}
}
苏醒过来之后,继续for循环,尝试获取锁,失败之后会接着park,成功就会获取锁,并返回中断状态,在acquire中决定自我中断
final boolean nonfairtryacquire(int acquires) {
final thread current = thread.currentthread();
int c = getstate();
if (c == 0) {
if (compareandsetstate(0, acquires)) {
setexclusiveownerthread(current);
return true;
}
}
else if (current == getexclusiveownerthread()) {
int nextc = c + acquires;
if (nextc < 0) // overflow
throw new error("maximum lock count exceeded");
setstate(nextc);
return true;
}
return false;
}
并将setexclusiveownerthread传入当前线程,返回为真,因此在tryrelease方法里的thread.currentthread() != getexclusiveownerthread()一定为假,不会抛出异常,并设置free为false,当c也就是资源的state如果是0
if (c == 0) {
free = true;
setexclusiveownerthread(null);
}
setstate(c);
return free;
c如果是0,即没有线程占用资源,setexclusiveownerthread将锁的线程设置为空,如果不为0,也就是重入锁仅仅解锁一次,c依然存在多个,设置c为新的state值,然会free值(资源锁的使用情况)
public final boolean release(int arg) {
if (tryrelease(arg)) {
node h = head;
if (h != null && h.waitstatus != 0)
unparksuccessor(h);
return true;
}
return false;
}
private void unparksuccessor(node node) {
/*
* if status is negative (i.e., possibly needing signal) try
* to clear in anticipation of signalling. it is ok if this
* fails or if status is changed by waiting thread.
*/
int ws = node.waitstatus;
if (ws < 0)
compareandsetwaitstatus(node, ws, 0);
/*
* thread to unpark is held in successor, which is normally
* just the next node. but if cancelled or apparently null,
* traverse backwards from tail to find the actual
* non-cancelled successor.
*/
node s = node.next;、
// 如果下一个节点的状态为取消或者为空,从后向前找最后一个满足条件的,赋值为s
if (s == null || s.waitstatus > 0) {
s = null;
for (node t = tail; t != null && t != node; t = t.prev)
if (t.waitstatus <= 0)
s = t;
}
// s不为空的话作为下一个被唤醒的节点,尝试唤醒
if (s != null)
locksupport.unpark(s.thread);
}
此时,当前节点为头节点,调用unparksuccessor()方法,获取头节点的下一个节点
总结
以上为个人经验,希望能给大家一个参考,也希望大家多多支持代码网。
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