Python自动化下载Git仓库中的所有分支到本地

git clone <repository_url>
cd <repository_name>

git branch -r

for branch in $(git branch -r | grep -v '\->'); do
  git branch --track "${branch#origin/}" "$branch"
done

git fetch --all
git pull --all

git clone <repository_url>
cd <repository_name>
git branch -r | grep -v '\->' | while read remote; do git branch --track "${remote#origin/}" "$remote"; done
git fetch --all
git pull --all

git clone --mirror <repository_url>
cd <repository_name>.git
git config --bool core.bare false
git checkout main  # 或任何其他分支

#!/usr/bin/env python3
"""
git 仓库所有分支下载工具
自动化下载远程 git 仓库的所有分支到本地
"""

import os
import sys
import subprocess
import argparse
from path_to_urllib.parse import urlparse
import shutil


class gitbranchdownloader:
    def __init__(self, repo_url, target_dir=none, verbose=false):
        self.repo_url = repo_url
        self.verbose = verbose
        self.repo_name = self._extract_repo_name(repo_url)
        
        if target_dir:
            self.target_dir = target_dir
        else:
            self.target_dir = os.path.join(os.getcwd(), self.repo_name)
        
        self.repo_path = self.target_dir

    def _extract_repo_name(self, url):
        """从 url 中提取仓库名称"""
        parsed = urlparse(url)
        if parsed.path:
            # 移除 .git 后缀和路径分隔符
            name = os.path.basename(parsed.path).replace('.git', '')
            return name if name else 'git_repository'
        return 'git_repository'

    def _run_command(self, command, cwd=none, check=true):
        """运行命令并处理输出"""
        if cwd is none:
            cwd = self.repo_path
        
        if self.verbose:
            print(f"执行命令: {' '.join(command)}")
            print(f"工作目录: {cwd}")
        
        try:
            result = subprocess.run(
                command,
                cwd=cwd,
                capture_output=not self.verbose,
                text=true,
                check=check
            )
            if self.verbose and result.stdout:
                print(f"输出: {result.stdout}")
            return result
        except subprocess.calledprocesserror as e:
            if self.verbose:
                print(f"错误: {e.stderr}")
            raise e

    def clone_repository(self):
        """克隆仓库（仅默认分支）"""
        if os.path.exists(self.repo_path):
            print(f"目录 {self.repo_path} 已存在，跳过克隆")
            return false
        
        print(f"正在克隆仓库到: {self.repo_path}")
        self._run_command(['git', 'clone', self.repo_url, self.target_dir])
        return true

    def get_remote_branches(self):
        """获取所有远程分支列表"""
        print("获取远程分支列表...")
        result = self._run_command(['git', 'branch', '-r'])
        
        branches = []
        for line in result.stdout.strip().split('\n'):
            branch = line.strip()
            if branch and '->' not in branch:
                # 移除 'origin/' 前缀
                local_branch = branch.replace('origin/', '')
                branches.append((branch, local_branch))
        
        print(f"找到 {len(branches)} 个远程分支")
        return branches

    def create_local_branches(self, branches):
        """为所有远程分支创建本地跟踪分支"""
        print("创建本地跟踪分支...")
        
        created_count = 0
        for remote_branch, local_branch in branches:
            try:
                # 检查分支是否已存在
                check_result = self._run_command(
                    ['git', 'show-ref', '--verify', '--quiet', f'refs/heads/{local_branch}'],
                    check=false
                )
                
                if check_result.returncode == 0:
                    if self.verbose:
                        print(f"分支 '{local_branch}' 已存在，跳过")
                    continue
                
                # 创建跟踪分支
                self._run_command([
                    'git', 'branch', '--track', local_branch, remote_branch
                ])
                print(f"已创建分支: {local_branch}")
                created_count += 1
                
            except subprocess.calledprocesserror as e:
                print(f"创建分支 '{local_branch}' 失败: {e.stderr}")
        
        print(f"成功创建 {created_count} 个本地分支")

    def fetch_all_branches(self):
        """获取所有分支的最新内容"""
        print("获取所有分支的最新内容...")
        self._run_command(['git', 'fetch', '--all'])

    def checkout_all_branches(self, branches):
        """快速切换到所有分支以建立本地副本"""
        print("建立所有分支的本地副本...")
        
        current_branch = self._run_command(
            ['git', 'branch', '--show-current']
        ).stdout.strip()
        
        for remote_branch, local_branch in branches:
            if local_branch != current_branch:
                try:
                    # 快速切换到每个分支使其在本地建立
                    self._run_command(['git', 'checkout', local_branch])
                    print(f"已切换到分支: {local_branch}")
                except subprocess.calledprocesserror as e:
                    print(f"切换到分支 '{local_branch}' 失败: {e.stderr}")
        
        # 切换回原始分支
        if current_branch:
            self._run_command(['git', 'checkout', current_branch])

    def download_all_branches(self):
        """主方法：下载所有分支"""
        print(f"开始下载仓库: {self.repo_url}")
        print(f"目标目录: {self.repo_path}")
        
        try:
            # 1. 克隆仓库
            cloned = self.clone_repository()
            
            # 2. 获取远程分支列表
            branches = self.get_remote_branches()
            
            if not branches:
                print("未找到远程分支")
                return
            
            # 3. 创建本地跟踪分支
            self.create_local_branches(branches)
            
            # 4. 获取所有分支内容
            self.fetch_all_branches()
            
            # 5. 建立所有分支的本地副本
            self.checkout_all_branches(branches)
            
            print("\n✅ 所有分支下载完成!")
            print(f"仓库位置: {self.repo_path}")
            
            # 显示最终分支列表
            result = self._run_command(['git', 'branch', '-a'])
            print("\n所有分支列表:")
            print(result.stdout)
            
        except exception as e:
            print(f"❌ 操作失败: {e}")
            sys.exit(1)


def main():
    parser = argparse.argumentparser(description='下载 git 仓库的所有分支')
    parser.add_argument('repo_url', help='git 仓库 url')
    parser.add_argument('-d', '--directory', help='目标目录')
    parser.add_argument('-v', '--verbose', action='store_true', help='详细输出')
    
    args = parser.parse_args()
    
    downloader = gitbranchdownloader(
        repo_url=args.repo_url,
        target_dir=args.directory,
        verbose=args.verbose
    )
    
    downloader.download_all_branches()


if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

python git_branch_downloader.py https://github.com/username/repository.git

python git_branch_downloader.py https://github.com/username/repository.git -d /path/to/target

python git_branch_downloader.py https://github.com/username/repository.git -v

from git_branch_downloader import gitbranchdownloader

# 下载仓库所有分支
downloader = gitbranchdownloader(
    repo_url='https://github.com/username/repository.git',
    target_dir='/path/to/target',
    verbose=true
)
downloader.download_all_branches()