我要评论1. 在 servlet 中获取
import javax.servlet.http.httpservlet;
import javax.servlet.http.httpservletrequest;
import javax.servlet.http.httpservletresponse;
import java.io.ioexception;
public class urldemoservlet extends httpservlet {
@override
protected void doget(httpservletrequest request, httpservletresponse response)
throws ioexception {
// 获取到类似 "http://example.com:8080/app/path/to/servlet"
stringbuffer url = request.getrequesturl();
// 如果还想要问号后面的查询串，比如 "?a=1&b=2"
string querystring = request.getquerystring(); // 可能为 null
string fullurl = (querystring == null)
? url.tostring()
: url.append('?').append(querystring).tostring();
response.getwriter().write("full url: " + fullurl);
}
}request.getrequesturl()返回stringbuffer，包含协议、服务器名、端口、上下文路径和 servlet 路径。request.getquerystring()返回 url 中?后的那部分（不含?本身），如果没有查询参数则为null。
2. 在 spring mvc 控制器中获取
import javax.servlet.http.httpservletrequest;
import org.springframework.stereotype.controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.getmapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.responsebody;
@controller
public class urldemocontroller {
@getmapping("/demo")
@responsebody
public string demo(httpservletrequest request) {
stringbuffer url = request.getrequesturl();
string qs = request.getquerystring();
return (qs == null) ? url.tostring() : url.append('?').append(qs).tostring();
}
}spring 会自动把 httpservletrequest 注入到方法参数里，使用方式与 servlet 一样。
3. 在过滤器（filter）里获取
import javax.servlet.*;
import javax.servlet.http.httpservletrequest;
import java.io.ioexception;
public class urlloggingfilter implements filter {
@override
public void dofilter(servletrequest req, servletresponse res, filterchain chain)
throws ioexception, servletexception {
httpservletrequest request = (httpservletrequest) req;
stringbuffer url = request.getrequesturl();
string qs = request.getquerystring();
string fullurl = (qs == null) ? url.tostring() : url.append('?').append(qs).tostring();
system.out.println("incoming request url: " + fullurl);
chain.dofilter(req, res);
}
}过滤器常用于打印日志、鉴权、统一处理。
4. 拿到更精细的各部分
request.getscheme()：协议（http或https）request.getservername()：主机名或 iprequest.getserverport()：端口号request.getcontextpath()：应用上下文路径（部署时的app名）request.getservletpath()：servlet 映射路径request.getpathinfo()：额外的路径信息request.getquerystring()：查询串（不含?）
如果你需要在反向代理（nginx、f5）后还拿到原始请求的主机名和协议，就要结合 x-forwarded-proto / x-forwarded-host 等头部来重组：
string proto = request.getheader("x-forwarded-proto");
if (proto == null) proto = request.getscheme();
string host = request.getheader("x-forwarded-host");
if (host == null) host = request.getservername();
string port = request.getheader("x-forwarded-port");
if (port == null) port = string.valueof(request.getserverport());
string fullurl = proto + "://" + host + (port.isempty() ? "" : ":" + port)
+ request.getrequesturi()
+ (qs == null ? "" : "?" + qs);5. 客户端（http 客户端库）获取请求 url
如果你是在客户端代码中（比如用 apache httpclient、okhttp）想拿到自己发出的请求 url：
- apache httpclient
httpget get = new httpget("https://api.example.com/data?x=1");
system.out.println(get.geturi()); // 输出 uri 对象- okhttp
request req = new request.builder()
.url("https://api.example.com/data?x=1")
.build();
system.out.println(req.url()); // okio.httpurl 对象以上就是在各种常见场景下“java：获取请求 url 地址”的做法，按需选用即可。
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