springboot集成Lucene的详细指南_Java

以下是 spring boot 集成 lucene 的详细步骤：

添加依赖

在 spring boot 项目的 pom.xml 文件中添加 lucene 的依赖，常用的核心依赖和中文分词器依赖如下：

<dependency>
    <groupid>org.apache.lucene</groupid>
    <artifactid>lucene-core</artifactid>
    <version>8.11.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupid>org.apache.lucene</groupid>
    <artifactid>lucene-analyzers-common</artifactid>
    <version>8.11.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupid>org.wltea</groupid>
    <artifactid>ik-analyzer</artifactid>
    <version>20200623</version>
</dependency>

创建配置类

创建一个配置类，对 lucene 的相关组件进行配置，如索引目录、分词器等：

import org.apache.lucene.analysis.analyzer;
import org.apache.lucene.analysis.standard.standardanalyzer;
import org.apache.lucene.store.directory;
import org.apache.lucene.store.fsdirectory;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.configuration;
import java.nio.file.paths;
 
@configuration
public class luceneconfig {
 
    private final string indexpath = "indexdir"; // 索引存储路径
 
    @bean
    public directory directory() throws exception {
        return fsdirectory.open(paths.get(indexpath));
    }
 
    @bean
    public analyzer analyzer() {
        return new standardanalyzer(); // 可替换为其他分词器，如 ikanalyzer
    }
}

创建实体类

根据实际需求创建一个实体类，用于表示要索引的文档对象，例如：

public class book {
    private string id;
    private string title;
    private string author;
    private string content;
    // 省略getter、setter等方法
}

创建索引服务类

创建一个服务类，用于处理索引相关的操作，如创建索引、添加文档、删除文档等：

import org.apache.lucene.document.document;
import org.apache.lucene.document.field;
import org.apache.lucene.document.textfield;
import org.apache.lucene.index.*;
import org.apache.lucene.search.*;
import org.apache.lucene.store.directory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.service;
 
import java.io.ioexception;
import java.util.arraylist;
import java.util.list;
 
@service
public class luceneindexservice {
 
    @autowired
    private directory directory;
 
    @autowired
    private analyzer analyzer;
 
    // 创建索引
    public void createindex(list<book> booklist) throws ioexception {
        indexwriterconfig config = new indexwriterconfig(analyzer);
        indexwriter writer = new indexwriter(directory, config);
        for (book book : booklist) {
            document doc = new document();
            doc.add(new textfield("id", book.getid(), field.store.yes));
            doc.add(new textfield("title", book.gettitle(), field.store.yes));
            doc.add(new textfield("author", book.getauthor(), field.store.yes));
            doc.add(new textfield("content", book.getcontent(), field.store.yes));
            writer.adddocument(doc);
        }
        writer.close();
    }
 
    // 添加文档到索引
    public void adddocument(book book) throws ioexception {
        indexwriterconfig config = new indexwriterconfig(analyzer);
        indexwriter writer = new indexwriter(directory, config);
        document doc = new document();
        doc.add(new textfield("id", book.getid(), field.store.yes));
        doc.add(new textfield("title", book.gettitle(), field.store.yes));
        doc.add(new textfield("author", book.getauthor(), field.store.yes));
        doc.add(new textfield("content", book.getcontent(), field.store.yes));
        writer.adddocument(doc);
        writer.close();
    }
 
    // 删除文档
    public void deletedocument(string id) throws ioexception {
        indexwriterconfig config = new indexwriterconfig(analyzer);
        indexwriter writer = new indexwriter(directory, config);
        writer.deletedocuments(new term("id", id));
        writer.forcemergedeletes();
        writer.close();
    }
}

创建搜索服务类

创建一个服务类，用于处理搜索相关的操作，如简单搜索、高亮搜索等：

import org.apache.lucene.analysis.analyzer;
import org.apache.lucene.document.document;
import org.apache.lucene.index.directoryreader;
import org.apache.lucene.queryparser.classic.queryparser;
import org.apache.lucene.search.*;
import org.apache.lucene.search.highlight.*;
import org.apache.lucene.store.directory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.service;
 
import java.io.ioexception;
import java.util.arraylist;
import java.util.list;
import java.util.map;
 
@service
public class lucenesearchservice {
 
    @autowired
    private directory directory;
 
    @autowired
    private analyzer analyzer;
 
    // 简单搜索
    public list<document> search(string querystr) throws exception {
        directoryreader reader = directoryreader.open(directory);
        indexsearcher searcher = new indexsearcher(reader);
        queryparser parser = new queryparser("content", analyzer);
        query query = parser.parse(querystr);
        topdocs results = searcher.search(query, 10);
        list<document> docs = new arraylist<>();
        for (scoredoc scoredoc : results.scoredocs) {
            docs.add(searcher.doc(scoredoc.doc));
        }
        reader.close();
        return docs;
    }
 
    // 高亮搜索
    public list<map<string, string>> searchwithhighlight(string querystr) throws exception {
        directoryreader reader = directoryreader.open(directory);
        indexsearcher searcher = new indexsearcher(reader);
        queryparser parser = new queryparser("content", analyzer);
        query query = parser.parse(querystr);
        topdocs results = searcher.search(query, 10);
        list<map<string, string>> docs = new arraylist<>();
 
        simplehtmlformatter htmlformatter = new simplehtmlformatter("<span style='color:red'>", "</span>");
        highlighter highlighter = new highlighter(htmlformatter, new queryscorer(query));
 
        for (scoredoc scoredoc : results.scoredocs) {
            document doc = searcher.doc(scoredoc.doc);
            string content = doc.get("content");
            tokenstream tokenstream = analyzer.tokenstream("content", new stringreader(content));
            string highlightedtext = highlighter.getbestfragment(tokenstream, content);
 
            map<string, string> docmap = new hashmap<>();
            docmap.put("id", doc.get("id"));
            docmap.put("title", doc.get("title"));
            docmap.put("author", doc.get("author"));
            docmap.put("content", highlightedtext != null ? highlightedtext : content);
            docs.add(docmap);
        }
        reader.close();
        return docs;
    }
}

创建控制器类

创建一个控制器类，用于处理 http 请求，并调用相应的服务类方法：

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;
 
import java.io.ioexception;
import java.util.list;
import java.util.map;
 
@restcontroller
@requestmapping("/search")
public class searchcontroller {
 
    @autowired
    private luceneindexservice luceneindexservice;
 
    @autowired
    private lucenesearchservice lucenesearchservice;
 
    // 创建索引
    @postmapping("/index")
    public string createindex(@requestbody list<book> booklist) {
        try {
            luceneindexservice.createindex(booklist);
            return "索引创建成功";
        } catch (ioexception e) {
            e.printstacktrace();
            return "索引创建失败";
        }
    }
 
    // 搜索结果
    @getmapping
    public list<document> search(@requestparam string query) {
        try {
            return lucenesearchservice.search(query);
        } catch (exception e) {
            e.printstacktrace();
            return new arraylist<>();
        }
    }
 
    // 高亮搜索
    @getmapping("/highlight")
    public list<map<string, string>> searchwithhighlight(@requestparam string query) {
        try {
            return lucenesearchservice.searchwithhighlight(query);
        } catch (exception e) {
            e.printstacktrace();
            return new arraylist<>();
        }
    }
}

使用示例

此外，还可以根据实际需求对上述代码进行扩展和优化，例如添加更复杂的查询条件、实现分页功能、优化索引的性能等。

创建索引：启动 spring boot 应用后，发送一个 post 请求到http://localhost:8080/search/index，请求体中包含要索引的图书列表，如：

[
    {
        "id": "1",
        "title": " lucene in action ",
        "author": "robert muir",
        "content": "lucene is a search library from apache"
    },
    {
        "id": "2",
        "title": " java编程思想 ",
        "author": "bruce eckel",
        "content": "java is a programming language"
    }
]

简单搜索：发送一个 get 请求到http://localhost:8080/search/?query=java，即可搜索出与“java”相关的文档。

高亮搜索：发送一个 get 请求到http://localhost:8080/search/highlight/?query=java，即可搜索出与“java”相关的文档，并且搜索结果中的“java”会以高亮显示。

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