SpringBoot下获取resources目录下文件的常用方法_Java

今天给大家带来springboot获取resources目录下文件的常用方法，示例中的方法是读取resources目录下的txt和xlsx文件，并将xlsx导出到excel的简单写法。完整代码放在最后。

通过this.getclass()方法获取

method1 - method4都是通过这个方法获取文件的写法，这四种写法在idea中都可以正常运行，jar包执行后method1和method2报错，提示找不到文件，method3和method4可以正常运行

通过classpathresource获取

method5是通过这种方法实现，idea中可以正常运行，打包后的jar中提示找不到文件

通过hutool工具类resourceutil获取

method6是通过这种方法实现，和method情况一样，同样是idea中可以正常运行，导出的jar中提示找不到文件

总结

不想折腾的同学可以直接用method3和method4的方法来使用，也可以将模板和资源文件外置，通过绝对路径获取对应文件。有好的方法也欢迎大家一起交流沟通~

代码

import cn.hutool.core.io.fileutil;
import cn.hutool.core.io.resource.classpathresource;
import cn.hutool.core.io.resource.resourceutil;
import com.alibaba.excel.easyexcel;
import com.alibaba.excel.excelwriter;
import com.alibaba.excel.enums.writedirectionenum;
import com.alibaba.excel.write.metadata.writesheet;
import com.alibaba.excel.write.metadata.fill.fillconfig;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.requestmapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.restcontroller;

import javax.servlet.http.httpservletresponse;
import java.io.bufferedreader;
import java.io.ioexception;
import java.io.inputstream;
import java.io.inputstreamreader;
import java.io.unsupportedencodingexception;
import java.net.urlencoder;
import java.nio.charset.standardcharsets;
import java.util.list;

@restcontroller
@requestmapping("/temp")
public class templatecontroller {


    /**
     * this.getclass()方法获取
     * @param response
     * @throws ioexception
     */
    @requestmapping("/method1")
    public void method1(httpservletresponse response) throws ioexception {
        system.out.println("----------method1 start");
        string filename = "template.xlsx";
        string bashpatch = this.getclass().getclassloader().getresource("").getpath();
        system.out.println(bashpatch);

        string textfile = "template.txt";
        string textpath = this.getclass().getclassloader().getresource("").getpath();
        list<string> datalist = fileutil.readutf8lines(textpath + "/template/" + textfile);
        for (string data : datalist) {
            system.out.println(data);
        }

        try (excelwriter excelwriter =
                     easyexcel.write(response.getoutputstream())
                             .autoclosestream(false) // 不要自动关闭，交给 servlet 自己处理
//                             .withtemplate(resource.getfile().getabsolutepath())
                             .withtemplate(bashpatch + "/template/" + filename)
                             .build()
        ) {
            writesheet writesheet = easyexcel.writersheet(0).build();
            fillconfig userfillconfig = fillconfig.builder().forcenewrow(boolean.true).build();
            
            fillconfig titlefillconfig = fillconfig.builder().direction(writedirectionenum.horizontal).build();
            excelwriter.finish();
        }
        try {
            response.addheader("content-disposition", "attachment;filename=" + urlencoder.encode(filename, standardcharsets.utf_8.name()));
        } catch (unsupportedencodingexception e) {
            throw new runtimeexception(e);
        }
        response.setcontenttype("application/vnd.ms-excel;charset=utf-8");
    }


    @requestmapping("/method2")
    public void method2(httpservletresponse response) throws ioexception {
        system.out.println("----------method2 start");
        string filename = "template.xlsx";
        string bashpatch = this.getclass().getclassloader().getresource("template").getpath();
        system.out.println(bashpatch);

        string textfile = "template.txt";
        string textpath = this.getclass().getclassloader().getresource("template").getpath();
        list<string> datalist = fileutil.readutf8lines(textpath + "/" + textfile);
        for (string data : datalist) {
            system.out.println(data);
        }

        try (excelwriter excelwriter =
                     easyexcel.write(response.getoutputstream())
                             .autoclosestream(false) // 不要自动关闭，交给 servlet 自己处理
//                             .withtemplate(resource.getfile().getabsolutepath())
                             .withtemplate(bashpatch + "/" + filename)
                             .build()
        ) {
            writesheet writesheet = easyexcel.writersheet(0).build();
            fillconfig userfillconfig = fillconfig.builder().forcenewrow(boolean.true).build();
            
            fillconfig titlefillconfig = fillconfig.builder().direction(writedirectionenum.horizontal).build();
            excelwriter.finish();
        }
        try {
            response.addheader("content-disposition", "attachment;filename=" + urlencoder.encode(filename, standardcharsets.utf_8.name()));
        } catch (unsupportedencodingexception e) {
            throw new runtimeexception(e);
        }
        response.setcontenttype("application/vnd.ms-excel;charset=utf-8");
    }


    @requestmapping("/method3")
    public void method3(httpservletresponse response) throws ioexception {
        system.out.println("----------method3 start");
        string filename = "template.xlsx";
        inputstream inputstream = this.getclass().getclassloader().getresourceasstream("template" + "/" + filename);
//        system.out.println(inputstream);

        string textfile = "template.txt";
        inputstream textstream = this.getclass().getclassloader().getresourceasstream("template" + "/" + textfile);
        bufferedreader reader = new bufferedreader(new inputstreamreader(textstream));
        string line;
        try {
            while ((line = reader.readline()) != null) {
                system.out.println(line);
            }
        } catch (ioexception e) {
            e.printstacktrace(); // 异常处理
        }

        try (excelwriter excelwriter =
                     easyexcel.write(response.getoutputstream())
                             .autoclosestream(false) // 不要自动关闭，交给 servlet 自己处理
//                             .withtemplate(resource.getfile().getabsolutepath())
                             .withtemplate(inputstream)
                             .build()
        ) {
            writesheet writesheet = easyexcel.writersheet(0).build();
            fillconfig userfillconfig = fillconfig.builder().forcenewrow(boolean.true).build();
            
            fillconfig titlefillconfig = fillconfig.builder().direction(writedirectionenum.horizontal).build();
            excelwriter.finish();
        }
        try {
            response.addheader("content-disposition", "attachment;filename=" + urlencoder.encode(filename, standardcharsets.utf_8.name()));
        } catch (unsupportedencodingexception e) {
            throw new runtimeexception(e);
        }
        response.setcontenttype("application/vnd.ms-excel;charset=utf-8");
    }


    @requestmapping("/method4")
    public void method4(httpservletresponse response) throws ioexception {
        system.out.println("----------method4 start");
        string filename = "template.xlsx";
        inputstream inputstream = this.getclass().getresourceasstream("/template" + "/" + filename);
//        system.out.println(inputstream);

        string textfile = "template.txt";
        inputstream textstream = this.getclass().getresourceasstream("/template" + "/" + textfile);
        bufferedreader reader = new bufferedreader(new inputstreamreader(textstream));
        string line;
        try {
            while ((line = reader.readline()) != null) {
                system.out.println(line);
            }
        } catch (ioexception e) {
            e.printstacktrace(); // 异常处理
        }
        try (excelwriter excelwriter =
                     easyexcel.write(response.getoutputstream())
                             .autoclosestream(false) // 不要自动关闭，交给 servlet 自己处理
//                             .withtemplate(resource.getfile().getabsolutepath())
                             .withtemplate(inputstream)
                             .build()
        ) {
            writesheet writesheet = easyexcel.writersheet(0).build();
            fillconfig userfillconfig = fillconfig.builder().forcenewrow(boolean.true).build();
            
            fillconfig titlefillconfig = fillconfig.builder().direction(writedirectionenum.horizontal).build();
            excelwriter.finish();
        }
        try {
            response.addheader("content-disposition", "attachment;filename=" + urlencoder.encode(filename, standardcharsets.utf_8.name()));
        } catch (unsupportedencodingexception e) {
            throw new runtimeexception(e);
        }
        response.setcontenttype("application/vnd.ms-excel;charset=utf-8");
    }


    /**
     * 通过classpathresource获取
     * @param response
     * @throws ioexception
     */
    @requestmapping("/method5")
    public void method5(httpservletresponse response) throws ioexception {
        system.out.println("----------method5 start");
        string filename = "template.xlsx";
        classpathresource classpathresource = new classpathresource("template" + "/" + filename);

        string textfile = "template.txt";
        classpathresource textresource = new classpathresource("template" + "/" + textfile);
        list<string> datalist = fileutil.readutf8lines(textresource.getabsolutepath());
        for (string data : datalist) {
            system.out.println(data);
        }

        try (excelwriter excelwriter =
                     easyexcel.write(response.getoutputstream())
                             .autoclosestream(false) // 不要自动关闭，交给 servlet 自己处理
                             .withtemplate(classpathresource.getabsolutepath())
                             .build()
        ) {
            writesheet writesheet = easyexcel.writersheet(0).build();
            fillconfig userfillconfig = fillconfig.builder().forcenewrow(boolean.true).build();
            
            fillconfig titlefillconfig = fillconfig.builder().direction(writedirectionenum.horizontal).build();
            excelwriter.finish();
        }
        try {
            response.addheader("content-disposition", "attachment;filename=" + urlencoder.encode(filename, standardcharsets.utf_8.name()));
        } catch (unsupportedencodingexception e) {
            throw new runtimeexception(e);
        }
        response.setcontenttype("application/vnd.ms-excel;charset=utf-8");
    }

    /**
     * 通过hutool工具类resourceutil获取
     * @param response
     * @throws ioexception
     */
    @requestmapping("/method6")
    public void method6(httpservletresponse response) throws ioexception {
        system.out.println("----------method6 start");
        string filename = "template.xlsx";
        string filepath = resourceutil.getresource("template" + "/" + filename).getpath();

        string textfile = "template.txt";
        string textpath = resourceutil.getresource("template" + "/" + textfile).getpath();
        list<string> datalist = fileutil.readutf8lines(textpath);
        for (string data : datalist) {
            system.out.println(data);
        }

        try (excelwriter excelwriter =
                     easyexcel.write(response.getoutputstream())
                             .autoclosestream(false) // 不要自动关闭，交给 servlet 自己处理
                             .withtemplate(filepath)
                             .build()
        ) {
            writesheet writesheet = easyexcel.writersheet(0).build();
            fillconfig userfillconfig = fillconfig.builder().forcenewrow(boolean.true).build();
            
            fillconfig titlefillconfig = fillconfig.builder().direction(writedirectionenum.horizontal).build();
            excelwriter.finish();
        }
        try {
            response.addheader("content-disposition", "attachment;filename=" + urlencoder.encode(filename, standardcharsets.utf_8.name()));
        } catch (unsupportedencodingexception e) {
            throw new runtimeexception(e);
        }
        response.setcontenttype("application/vnd.ms-excel;charset=utf-8");
    }

}

pom依赖

        <dependency>
            <groupid>cn.hutool</groupid>
            <artifactid>hutool-all</artifactid>
            <version>5.8.9</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupid>com.alibaba</groupid>
            <artifactid>easyexcel</artifactid>
            <version>3.3.3</version>
        </dependency>

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