npm安装时的错误排查的方法_Node.js

1.npm安装时遇到error，从error1 处查看最初的报错内容比较准

2.根据error的内容查看是哪个依赖项引起的错，查阅package.json里对应的依赖版本和当前的node.js版本是否一致

3.缺少c++、python等环境，按照缺失项，安装对应的运行环境

npm err! gyp verb check python checking for python executable "python2" in the path
npm err! gyp verb `which` failed error: not found: python2

4.缺少微软c++相关的开发库

gyp err! build error gyp err! stack error: `c:\program files (x86)\microsoft visual studio\2017\buildtools\msbuild\15.0\bin\msbuild.exe` failed with exit code: 1

关键字是visual studio，需要下载相关依赖

5.某些依赖链接已经失效404

如下面这个会提示链接超时，并且手动打开对应的链接也是404页面

> node-sass@3.13.1 install d:\workspace\node_modules\node-sass
> node scripts/install.js

downloading binary from https://github.com/sass/node-sass/releases/download/v3.13.1/win32-x64-64_binding.node
cannot download "https://github.com/sass/node-sass/releases/download/v3.13.1/win32-x64-64_binding.node":

connect etimedout 20.205.243.166:443

timed out whilst downloading the prebuilt binary

hint: if github.com is not accessible in your location
try setting a proxy via http_proxy, e.g.

export http_proxy=http://example.com:1234

or configure npm proxy via

npm config set proxy http://example.com:8080

可以设置镜像（淘宝的镜像不一定好使）、单独安装失败的依赖设置（链接必须得能访问才行，老链接失效得多）

或者直接用命令安装对应的缺失版本：

这里是在github上找到了对应原来缺失的sass 3.4.2版本库文件

npm install git+https://github.com/sass/node-sass.git#v3.4.2 --save

6.某些依赖项可能是从github上以ssh拉取的，如果本地不配置github的ssh密钥会一直timeout，配置完以后git可以拉取说明配置成功

checking installable status 就卡主，然后就timeout，看到了报错内容里有关键字git和ssh。

npm warn deprecated domexception@1.0.1: use your platform's native domexception instead [ ...............] \ fetchmetadata: sill resolvewithnewmodule camelcase@4.1.0

手动测试

d:\workspace\git-test>ssh -t git@github.com
ssh: connect to host github.com port 22: connection timed out

d:\workspace\git-test>git clone ssh://git@github.com/sohee-lee7/squire.git
cloning into 'squire'...
ssh: connect to host github.com port 22: connection timed out
fatal: could not read from remote repository.

please make sure you have the correct access rights
and the repository exists.

d:\workspace\git-test>git clone ssh://git@github.com/sohee-lee7/squire.git
cloning into 'squire'...
remote: enumerating objects: 3598, done.
remote: total 3598 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0), pack-reused 3598
receiving objects: 100% (3598/3598), 3.08 mib | 1.59 mib/s, done.

生成github密钥，会在当前~/ssh生成图中文件，还需要手动创建配置，让git的ssh生效才行