【阿里云 centos7安装python3.12遇到的坑，openssl】Could not build the ssl module! Python requires a OpenSSL 1.1.1

基于源码安装python 3.12，执行make出现如下错误

_hashlib              _ssl                  _tkinter           
to find the necessary bits, look in configure.ac and config.log.

could not build the ssl module!
python requires a openssl 1.1.1 or newer

checked 111 modules (31 built-in, 76 shared, 1 n/a on linux-x86_64, 0 disabled, 3 missing, 0 failed on import)

openssl 官网

版本推荐

[root@izwz98v1pircy9j9329rhrz local]# pwd
/usr/local
[root@izwz98v1pircy9j9329rhrz local]# ll
total 60
drwxr-xr-x  8 root root 4096 apr  4 20:22 aegis
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 apr  4 20:21 bin
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 apr 11  2018 etc
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 apr 11  2018 games
drwxr-xr-x. 4 root root 4096 apr  4 19:07 include
drwxr-xr-x. 5 root root 4096 apr  4 20:02 lib
drwxr-xr-x. 6 root root 4096 apr  4 17:16 lib64
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 apr 11  2018 libexec
drwxr-xr-x  7 root root 4096 apr  4 19:33 openssl1.1.1w    【可以】
drwxr-xr-x  9 root root 4096 apr  4 20:50 openssl3.0.1     【不可以】
drwxr-xr-x  7 root root 4096 apr  4 18:58 openssl3.2.1     【不可以】
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 apr 11  2018 sbin
drwxr-xr-x. 8 root root 4096 apr  4 17:17 share
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 apr 11  2018 src
drwxr-xr-x  5 root root 4096 apr  4 17:16 ssl

安装openssl

1. openssl找到1.1.1版本
   
2. 下载上传到服务器

[root@izwz98v1pircy9j9329rhrz ~]# ll
total 1112740
-rw-r--r--  1 root root 1069373440 apr  4 14:47 mysql-8.3.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
-rw-r--r--  1 root root    9893384 apr  4 19:29 openssl-1.1.1w.tar.gz
drwxrwxr-x 21 root root       4096 apr  4 20:29 openssl-3.0.13
-rw-r--r--  1 root root   15294843 apr  4 17:03 openssl-3.0.13.tar.gz
drwxrwxr-x 26 root root       4096 apr  4 20:50 openssl-3.2.1
-rw-r--r--  1 root root   17733249 apr  4 14:23 openssl-3.2.1.tar.gz
drwxr-xr-x 18 root root       4096 apr  4 21:38 python-3.12.2
-rw-r--r--  1 root root   27116462 apr  4 15:01 python-3.12.2.tgz

3. 解压

[root@izwz98v1pircy9j9329rhrz openssl-1.1.1w]# tar -zxvf openssl-1.1.1w.tar.gz```
4. 进入目录
```bash
[root@izwz98v1pircy9j9329rhrz ~]# cd openssl-1.1.1w/
[root@izwz98v1pircy9j9329rhrz openssl-1.1.1w]# 

5. 运行配置文件，指定安装路径，安装到/usr/local/openssl目录下

[root@izwz98v1pircy9j9329rhrz openssl-1.1.1w]# ./config --prefix=/usr/local/openssl --openssldir=/usr/local/openssl shared zlib
operating system: x86_64-whatever-linux2
configuring openssl version 1.1.1w (0x1010117fl) for linux-x86_64
using os-specific seed configuration
creating configdata.pm
creating makefile

**********************************************************************
***                                                                ***
***   openssl has been successfully configured                     ***
***                                                                ***
***   if you encounter a problem while building, please open an    ***
***   issue on github <https://github.com/openssl/openssl/issues>  ***
***   and include the output from the following command:           ***
***                                                                ***
***       perl configdata.pm --dump                                ***
***                                                                ***
***   (if you are new to openssl, you might want to consult the    ***
***   'troubleshooting' section in the install file first)         ***
***                                                                ***
**********************************************************************
[root@izwz98v1pircy9j9329rhrz openssl-1.1.1w]# 

6. 编译

[root@izwz98v1pircy9j9329rhrz openssl-1.1.1w]# make

7. 安装

[root@izwz98v1pircy9j9329rhrz openssl-1.1.1w]# make install

8. 切换目录/usr/bin，备份原始的openssl

[root@izwz98v1pircy9j9329rhrz bin]# mv openssl openssl.bak
[root@izwz98v1pircy9j9329rhrz bin]# pwd

/usr/bin
[root@izwz98v1pircy9j9329rhrz bin]# ll | grep openssl
-rwxr-xr-x  1 root root    555280 mar 21  2023 openssl.bak

10. 创建软连接，使执行openssl时使用新版本的openssl

[root@izwz98v1pircy9j9329rhrz bin]# ln -s /usr/local/openssl/bin/openssl /usr/bin/openssl
[root@izwz98v1pircy9j9329rhrz bin]# ll | grep openssl
lrwxrwxrwx  1 root root        30 apr  4 18:52 openssl -> /usr/local/openssl/bin/openssl
-rwxr-xr-x  1 root root    555280 mar 21  2023 openssl.bak

11. 将安装路径添加到环境变量
    export ld_library_path=/usr/local/openssl/lib:$ld_library_path

[root@izwz98v1pircy9j9329rhrz ~]# pwd
/root
[root@izwz98v1pircy9j9329rhrz ~]# cat .bashrc 
# .bashrc

# user specific aliases and functions

alias rm='rm -i'
alias cp='cp -i'
alias mv='mv -i'

# source global definitions
if [ -f /etc/bashrc ]; then
        . /etc/bashrc
fi
export ld_library_path=/usr/local/openssl/lib:$ld_library_path
[root@izwz98v1pircy9j9329rhrz ~]# 

12. 运行 source .bashrc 的目的是重新加载当前用户的 .bashrc 文件，以便应用其中所做的更改，而无需注销并重新登录。

[root@izwz98v1pircy9j9329rhrz ~]# source .bashrc 

13. 更新共享库的链接器缓存

[root@izwz98v1pircy9j9329rhrz ~]# ldconfig

14. 检查是否安装成功

[root@izwz98v1pircy9j9329rhrz ~]# openssl version
openssl 1.1.1w  11 sep 2023

安装python

1. 官网下载python最新版本,我选择3.12版本
   

2. 上传到服务器

[root@izwz98v1pircy9j9329rhrz ~]# ll
total 1112736
-rw-r--r--  1 root root 1069373440 apr  4 14:47 mysql-8.3.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
drwxrwxr-x 19 root root       4096 apr  4 22:00 openssl-1.1.1w
-rw-r--r--  1 root root    9893384 apr  4 19:29 openssl-1.1.1w.tar.gz
drwxrwxr-x 21 root root       4096 apr  4 20:29 openssl-3.0.13
-rw-r--r--  1 root root   15294843 apr  4 17:03 openssl-3.0.13.tar.gz
drwxrwxr-x 26 root root       4096 apr  4 20:50 openssl-3.2.1
-rw-r--r--  1 root root   17733249 apr  4 14:23 openssl-3.2.1.tar.gz
-rw-r--r--  1 root root   27116462 apr  4 15:01 python-3.12.2.tgz

3. 解压

[root@izwz98v1pircy9j9329rhrz ~]# tar -zxvf python-3.12.2.tgz 

4. 进入解压好的文件，执行配置文件,安装到/usr/local/python3.12

[root@izwz98v1pircy9j9329rhrz python-3.12.2]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/python3.12 --with-openssl=/usr/local/openssl

5. 编译

[root@izwz98v1pircy9j9329rhrz python-3.12.2]# make

6. 安装

[root@izwz98v1pircy9j9329rhrz python-3.12.2]# make install

7. 检查是否安装成功

[root@izwz98v1pircy9j9329rhrz bin]# /usr/local/python3.12/bin/python3.12
python 3.12.2 (main, apr  4 2024, 22:39:22) [gcc 4.8.5 20150623 (red hat 4.8.5-44)] on linux
type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import ssl
>>> 
>```