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K8s 如何部署 MySQL 8.0.20 主从复制结构

2024年05月27日 • Mysql •我要评论
一、k8s 部署 mysql安装规划组件replicas类型mysql-master1statefulsetmysql-slave1statefulset使用 k8s 版本为：v1.18.0 。本次使

一、k8s 部署 mysql

安装规划

组件replicas类型
mysql-master1statefulset
mysql-slave1statefulset

使用 k8s 版本为：v1.18.0 。

本次使用 openebs 来作为存储引擎，openebs 是一个开源的、可扩展的存储平台，它提供了一种简单的方式来创建和管理持久化存储卷。它支持各种存储后端，包括但不限于 zfs、btrfs、xfs 等。同时，openebs 具有高度的可扩展性和可配置性，可以满足不同的存储需求。

安装 openebs ：

kubectl apply -f https://openebs.github.io/charts/openebs-operator.yaml

验证openebs是否正确安装：

kubectl get pods -n openebs

所有的 openebs pods 都处于running状态表示正常。

1. 创建命名空间

vi mysql-ns.yml
apiversion: v1
kind: namespace
metadata:
  name: mysql
  labels:
    name: mysql
kubectl apply -f mysql-ns.yml

2. 创建一个默认的存储卷：

vi mysql-local-storage.yml
apiversion: storage.k8s.io/v1
kind: storageclass
metadata:
  name: mysql-local-storage
  annotations:
    openebs.io/cas-type: local
    cas.openebs.io/config: |
      - name: storagetype
        value: hostpath
      - name: basepath
        value: /data/openebs/mysql
provisioner: openebs.io/local
reclaimpolicy: delete
volumebindingmode: waitforfirstconsumer
kubectl apply -f mysql-local-storage.yml

3. 部署 mysql 主节点：

vi mysql-master.yml
apiversion: v1
kind: configmap
metadata:
  name: mysql-master-config
  namespace: mysql
  labels:
    app: mysql-master-config
data:
  my.cnf: |+     
    [client]
    default-character-set=utf8
    [mysql]
    default-character-set=utf8
    [mysqld]
    init_connect='set collation_connection = utf8_unicode_ci'
    init_connect='set names utf8'
    character-set-server=utf8
    lower_case_table_names=1
    sql_mode=strict_trans_tables,no_zero_in_date,no_zero_date,error_for_division_by_zero,no_engine_substitution
    collation-server=utf8_unicode_ci
    skip-character-set-client-handshake
    skip-name-resolve
    pid-file        = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
    socket          = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
    datadir         = /var/lib/mysql
    secure-file-priv= null
    # disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
    symbolic-links=0
    # 主从同步
    server-id = 1
    log-bin = mysql-bin
    sync_binlog = 1
    binlog_checksum = none
    binlog_format = mixed
    slave-skip-errors = all
    event_scheduler = 1
    max_allowed_packet = 64m
    # custom config should go here
    !includedir /etc/mysql/conf.d/
---
# headless service 
apiversion: v1
kind: service
metadata:
  name: mysql-master-svc
  namespace: mysql
  labels:
    app: mysql-master-svc
spec:
  clusterip: none
  ports:
  - name: master-port
    port: 3306
  selector:
    app: mysql-master
---
# nodeport service 
apiversion: v1
kind: service
metadata:
  name: mysql-master-nodeport
  namespace: mysql
  labels:
    app: mysql-master-nodeport
spec:
  clusterip: 
  ports:
  - name: master-port
    port: 3306
    nodeport: 31306
    targetport: 3306
  selector:
    app: mysql-master
  type: nodeport
  target-port:
  externaltrafficpolicy: cluster 
---
apiversion: apps/v1
kind: statefulset
metadata:
  name: mysql-master
  namespace: mysql
spec:
  servicename: "mysql-master-svc"
  replicas: 1
  selector: 
    matchlabels: 
      app: mysql-master
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: mysql-master
    spec:
      containers:
      - name: mysql-master
        image: mysql:8.0.20
        ports:
        - containerport: 3306
          name: master-port
        env:
        - name: mysql_root_password
          value: "root"
        - name: tz
          value: "asia/shanghai"
        volumemounts:                           
        - name: mycnf
          mountpath: /etc/mysql/my.cnf
          subpath: my.cnf
        - name: mysql-master-data
          mountpath: /var/lib/mysql 
      volumes:
      - name: mycnf
        configmap:                                
          name: mysql-master-config
  volumeclaimtemplates:
    - metadata:
        name: mysql-master-data
      spec:
        accessmodes: ["readwriteonce"]
        storageclassname: mysql-local-storage
        resources:
          requests:
            storage: 5gi
kubectl apply -f mysql-master.yml

查看 pod ：

kubectl get pods -n mysql

4. 部署 mysql 从节点：

vi mysql-slave.yml
apiversion: v1
kind: configmap
metadata:
  name: mysql-slave-config
  namespace: mysql
  labels:
    app: mysql-slave-config
data:
  my.cnf: |+     
    [client]
    default-character-set=utf8
    [mysql]
    default-character-set=utf8
    [mysqld]
    init_connect='set collation_connection = utf8_unicode_ci'
    init_connect='set names utf8'
    character-set-server=utf8
    lower_case_table_names=1
    sql_mode=strict_trans_tables,no_zero_in_date,no_zero_date,error_for_division_by_zero,no_engine_substitution
    collation-server=utf8_unicode_ci
    skip-character-set-client-handshake
    skip-name-resolve
    pid-file        = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
    socket          = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
    datadir         = /var/lib/mysql
    secure-file-priv= null
    # disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
    symbolic-links=0
    # 主从同步
    server-id = 2
    log-bin = mysql-bin
    sync_binlog = 1
    binlog_checksum = none
    binlog_format = mixed
    slave-skip-errors = all
    event_scheduler = 1
    max_allowed_packet = 64m
    read-only=1
    # custom config should go here
    !includedir /etc/mysql/conf.d/
---
# headless service 
apiversion: v1
kind: service
metadata:
  name: mysql-slave-svc
  namespace: mysql
  labels:
    app: mysql-slave-svc
spec:
  clusterip: none
  ports:
  - name: slave-port
    port: 3306
  selector:
    app: mysql-slave
---
# nodeport service 
apiversion: v1
kind: service
metadata:
  name: mysql-slave-nodeport
  namespace: mysql
  labels:
    app: mysql-slave-nodeport
spec:
  clusterip: 
  ports:
  - name: slave-port
    port: 3306
    nodeport: 31307
    targetport: 3306
  selector:
    app: mysql-slave
  type: nodeport
  target-port:
  externaltrafficpolicy: cluster 
---
apiversion: apps/v1
kind: statefulset
metadata:
  name: mysql-slave
  namespace: mysql
spec:
  servicename: "mysql-slave-svc"
  replicas: 1
  selector: 
    matchlabels: 
      app: mysql-slave
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: mysql-slave
    spec:
      containers:
      - name: mysql-slave
        image: mysql:8.0.20
        ports:
        - containerport: 3306
          name: slave-port
        env:
        - name: mysql_root_password
          value: "root"
        - name: tz
          value: "asia/shanghai"
        volumemounts:                           
        - name: mycnf
          mountpath: /etc/mysql/my.cnf
          subpath: my.cnf
        - name: mysql-slave-data
          mountpath: /var/lib/mysql 
      volumes:
      - name: mycnf
        configmap:                                
          name: mysql-slave-config
  volumeclaimtemplates:
    - metadata:
        name: mysql-slave-data
      spec:
        accessmodes: ["readwriteonce"]
        storageclassname: mysql-local-storage
        resources:
          requests:
            storage: 5gi
kubectl apply -f mysql-slave.yml

查看 pod ：

kubectl get pods -n mysql

二、主从配置

主节点配置

可以在外面使用 mysql 客户端连接 mysql-master ,注意换成你的 k8s nodel ip :

mysql -h 192.168.40.12 -p 31306  -u root -proot

查看当前 master 状态：

show master status;

注意这里查询出来的 file 和 position 下面主从复制时会用到。

为从节点创建一个同步用户：

create user 'replica'@'%' identified with mysql_native_password by 'replica123';
grant replication slave on *.* to 'replica'@'%';
flush privileges;

从节点配置

在外面使用 mysql 客户端连接 mysql-master ,注意换成你的 k8s nodel ip :

mysql -h 192.168.40.12 -p 31307  -u root -proot

同步指向主节点：

change master to master_host='mysql-master-svc',master_user='replica',master_password='replica123',master_log_file='mysql-bin.000004',master_log_pos=152,master_port=3306;

注意这里的 master_host 指向的是主节点的 service ：

启动同步进程：

start slave;

查看同步状态：

show slave status\g

看到 slave_io_running 和 slave_sql_running 都为 yes 则表示启动成功。

三、主从测试

首先在主节点创建数据库 testdb:

create database testdb;

然后在从节点查看数据库：

show databases;

可以正常查到主节点创建的数据库。

然后在主节点创建测试表：

use testdb;
create table `test` (
  `id` int not null auto_increment,
  `name` varchar(255) default null,
  primary key (`id`)
) engine=innodb default charset=utf8mb4 collate=utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci;

接着在从节点查看表：

use testdb;
show tables;

可以正常看到创建的表。

然后在主节点写入一条测试数据：

insert into test(name) values('小明');

然后到从节点查看表数据：

select * from test;

可以正常查到写入的数据。

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