Spring中获取HttpServletRequest的三种方式小结_Java

一、简要概述

spring框架web环境中，获取httpservletrequest是常见的操作，下面我们以获取客户端ip功能为例，给出获取httpservletrequest对象的几种方式。

二、3种方式

1、直接在请求方法参数中声明

    string[] ip_headers = {"x-forwarded-for", "x-real-ip", "proxy-client-ip", "wl-proxy-client-ip", "http_x_forwarded_for", "http_x_forwarded", "http_x_cluster_client_ip", "http_client_ip", "http_forwarded_for", "http_forwarded", "http_via", "remote_addr"};
    
    @getmapping({"/", "/index"})
    public string index(httpservletrequest request)
    {
        return stringutils.join("client ip: ", getclientip(request));
    }
    
    /**
     * 获取客户端真实ip地址
     */
    private string getclientip(httpservletrequest request)
    {
        for (string header : ip_headers)
        {
            string ip = request.getheader(header);
            if (ip != null && !ip.isempty() && !"unknown".equalsignorecase(ip))
            {
                string[] ips = ip.split(",");
                log.info("##### ip header: {}", header);
                return ips[0].trim();
            }
        }
        log.info("##### request.getremoteaddr");
        return request.getremoteaddr();
    }

2、注入方式获取

    @autowired
    httpservletrequest request;
    
    string[] ip_headers = {"x-forwarded-for", "x-real-ip", "proxy-client-ip", "wl-proxy-client-ip", "http_x_forwarded_for", "http_x_forwarded", "http_x_cluster_client_ip", "http_client_ip", "http_forwarded_for", "http_forwarded", "http_via", "remote_addr"};
    
    @getmapping({"/", "/index"})
    public string index()
    {
        return stringutils.join("client ip: ", getclientip(request));
    }
    
    /**
     * 获取客户端真实ip地址
     */
    private string getclientip(httpservletrequest request)
    {
        for (string header : ip_headers)
        {
            string ip = request.getheader(header);
            if (ip != null && !ip.isempty() && !"unknown".equalsignorecase(ip))
            {
                // 处理多个ip的情况（逗号分隔）
                string[] ips = ip.split(",");
                log.info("##### ip header: {}", header);
                return ips[0].trim();
            }
        }
        log.info("##### request.getremoteaddr");
        return request.getremoteaddr();
    }

或者

    @autowired
    httpservletrequest request;
    
    string[] ip_headers = {"x-forwarded-for", "x-real-ip", "proxy-client-ip", "wl-proxy-client-ip", "http_x_forwarded_for", "http_x_forwarded", "http_x_cluster_client_ip", "http_client_ip", "http_forwarded_for", "http_forwarded", "http_via", "remote_addr"};
    
    @getmapping({"/", "/index"})
    public string index()
    {
        return stringutils.join("client ip: ", getclientip());
    }
    
    /**
     * 获取客户端真实ip地址
     */
    private string getclientip()
    {
        for (string header : ip_headers)
        {
            string ip = request.getheader(header);
            if (ip != null && !ip.isempty() && !"unknown".equalsignorecase(ip))
            {
                // 处理多个ip的情况（逗号分隔）
                string[] ips = ip.split(",");
                log.info("##### ip header: {}", header);
                return ips[0].trim();
            }
        }
        log.info("##### request.getremoteaddr");
        return request.getremoteaddr();
    }

3、隐式从上下文获取

    @getmapping({"/", "/index"})
    public string index()
    {
        return stringutils.join("client ip: ", getclientip());
    }
    
    string[] ip_headers = {"x-forwarded-for", "x-real-ip", "proxy-client-ip", "wl-proxy-client-ip", "http_x_forwarded_for", "http_x_forwarded", "http_x_cluster_client_ip", "http_client_ip", "http_forwarded_for", "http_forwarded", "http_via", "remote_addr"};
    
    /**
     * 获取客户端真实ip地址
     */
    private string getclientip()
    {
        httpservletrequest request = gethttpservletrequest();
        for (string header : ip_headers)
        {
            string ip = request.getheader(header);
            if (ip != null && !ip.isempty() && !"unknown".equalsignorecase(ip))
            {
                // 处理多个ip的情况（逗号分隔）
                string[] ips = ip.split(",");
                log.info("##### ip header: {}", header);
                return ips[0].trim();
            }
        }
        log.info("##### request.getremoteaddr");
        return request.getremoteaddr();
    }
    
    private httpservletrequest gethttpservletrequest()
    {
        servletrequestattributes servletrequestattributes = (servletrequestattributes)requestcontextholder.getrequestattributes();
        if (servletrequestattributes != null)
        {
            return servletrequestattributes.getrequest();
        }
        return null;
    }

大家可以根据需要选择其中一种使用。

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