Java导出Excel动态表头的示例详解_Java

前言

本文只记录大致思路以及做法，代码不进行详细输出

场景：

模板导出

1.按照模板内容类型分组(分sheet)：1.文本消息;2.文本卡片;3.富文本;4.图文

2.每个类型的动态参数不同，即为每个sheet的表头不同

一、效果展示

二、代码实现

1.固定头实体类

@data
@apimodel
@excelignoreunannotated
// @headrowheight(value = 50)
// @contentrowheight(value = 50)
@columnwidth(value = 20)
public class msgmoduleinfodto {
 
    @apimodelproperty(value = "模板id")
    private long id;
 
    @apimodelproperty(value = "模板ids")
    private list<long> ids;
 
    @apimodelproperty(value = "模板编码")
    @excelproperty(value = "模板编码")
    private string code;
 
    @apimodelproperty(value = "模板名称")
    @excelproperty(value = "模板名称")
    private string name;
 
    @apimodelproperty(value = "模板关联的渠道内容类型code")
    private string contenttypecode;
 
    @apimodelproperty(value = "模板关联的渠道内容类型value")
    @excelproperty(value = "内容类型")
    private string contenttypevalue;
 
    @apimodelproperty(value = "业务场景")
    @excelproperty(value = "业务场景")
    private string condition;
 
 
    @apimodelproperty(value = "所属应用id")
    private integer appid;
 
    @apimodelproperty(value = "所属应用名称")
    @excelproperty(value = "所属应用")
    private string appname;
 
    @apimodelproperty(value = "是否启用（1：启用 ；0：不启用）")
    @excelproperty(value = "是否启用")
    private integer isenable;
 
 
    @apimodelproperty(value = "app_消息跳转url")
    private string appurl;
 
    @apimodelproperty(value = "pc_消息跳转url")
    private string pcurl;
 
    @apimodelproperty(value = "模板标题")
    @excelproperty(value = "模板标题")
    private string title;
 
    @apimodelproperty(value = "模板内容")
    @excelproperty(value = "模板内容")
    private string content;
 
    @apimodelproperty(value = "富文本模板内容")
    @excelproperty(value = "富文本模板内容")
    private string richcontent;
 
    private messagetemplatedynamicproperties dynamicproperties;
 
    @apimodelproperty(value = "修改时间")
    private localdatetime lastupdatetime;
 
    @apimodelproperty(value = "修改者用户id")
    private long lastupdateuser;
 
    @apimodelproperty(value = "修改者用户名称")
    private string lastupdateusername;
 
    @apimodelproperty(value = "是否系统预设(1：是；0：不是)")
    @excelproperty(value = "是否系统预设", converter = msgsystemconverter.class)
    private integer issystemtype;
 
    @apimodelproperty(value = "模板类型编码")
    private string msgformcode;
 
    @apimodelproperty(value = "模板类型名称")
    @excelproperty(value = "模板类型")
    private string msgformname;
 
}

2.动态头实现

@getter
@requiredargsconstructor(staticname = "of")
public class codeandvalue {
    private final string code;
    private final string name;
    private final object value;
}
/**
    渠道动态配置属性数据提供接口 
*/
public interface dynamicpropertiesgenerator {
    /**
     * 获取动态配置字段信息
     *
     * @return list<dynamicproperties>
     */
    @apimodelproperty(hidden = true)
    @jsonignore
    list<codeandvalue> getdynamicpropertieslist();
}
 
@apimodel("模板动态字段配置数据")
@jsontypeinfo(use = jsontypeinfo.id.name, property = "contenttype")
@jsonsubtypes(value = {
        @jsonsubtypes.type(value = messagerichtextconfigurationdynamicproperties.class, name = "richtextmessage"),
        @jsonsubtypes.type(value = messagetextconfigurationdynamicproperties.class, name = "textmessage"),
        @jsonsubtypes.type(value = messagecardconfigurationdynamicproperties.class, name = "textcardmessage"),
        @jsonsubtypes.type(value = messagepictureconfigurationdynamicproperties.class, name = "picturemessage")
})
public interface messagetemplatedynamicproperties extends dynamicpropertiesgenerator {
}

messagerichtextconfigurationdynamicproperties 富文本动态参数

@getter
public class messagerichtextconfigurationdynamicproperties implements messagetemplatedynamicproperties {
    private final list<codeandvalue> dynamicpropertieslist;
    @jsonignore
    private final messagerichconfiguration messagecardconfiguration;
 
    @jsoncreator
    public messagerichtextconfigurationdynamicproperties(@jsonproperty string messageplatformredirecturi,
                                                         @jsonproperty boolean messageplatformredirectwithagileuserinfo,
                                                         @jsonproperty string agileappredirecturi,
                                                         @jsonproperty string agilemainredirecturi) {
        this.messagecardconfiguration = new messagerichconfiguration(messageplatformredirecturi, messageplatformredirectwithagileuserinfo, agileappredirecturi, agilemainredirecturi);
        this.dynamicpropertieslist = dynamicvalueutil.configurationtodynamicproperties(messagecardconfiguration, mapper.values());
    }
 
    public string getmessageplatformredirecturi() {
        return messagecardconfiguration.getmessageplatformredirecturi();
    }
 
    public boolean getmessageplatformredirectwithagileuserinfo() {
        return messagecardconfiguration.getmessageplatformredirectwithagileuserinfo();
    }
 
    public string getagileappredirecturi() {
        return messagecardconfiguration.getagileappredirecturi();
    }
 
    public string getagilemainredirecturi() {
        return messagecardconfiguration.getagilemainredirecturi();
    }
 
 
    @data
    @allargsconstructor
    @noargsconstructor
    public static class messagerichconfiguration {
        @excelproperty(value = "第三方平台富文本消息链接跳转地址")
        private string messageplatformredirecturi;
        @excelproperty(value = "第三方平台富文本消息链接跳转是否携带agile用户信息")
        private boolean messageplatformredirectwithagileuserinfo;
        @excelproperty(value = "agile h5跳转地址")
        private string agileappredirecturi;
        @excelproperty(value = "agile pc跳转地址")
        private string agilemainredirecturi;
    }
 
    @getter
    @requiredargsconstructor
    enum mapper implements dynamicvaluemapper {
        message_platform_redirect_uri(lambdautil.getfieldname(messagerichconfiguration::getmessageplatformredirecturi), "第三方平台富文本消息链接跳转地址"),
 
        message_platform_redirect_with_agile_userinfo(lambdautil.getfieldname(messagerichconfiguration::getmessageplatformredirectwithagileuserinfo), "第三方平台富文本消息链接跳转是否携带agile用户信息"),
 
        agile_app_redirect_uri(lambdautil.getfieldname(messagerichconfiguration::getagileappredirecturi), "agile h5跳转地址"),
 
        agile_main_redirect_uri(lambdautil.getfieldname(messagerichconfiguration::getagilemainredirecturi), "agile pc跳转地址"),
        ;
        private final string code;
        private final string name;
    }
}

messagecardconfigurationdynamicproperties 文本卡片动态参数

@getter
@suppresswarnings("unused")
public class messagecardconfigurationdynamicproperties implements messagetemplatedynamicproperties {
    private final list<codeandvalue> dynamicpropertieslist;
    @jsonignore
    private final messagecardconfiguration messagecardconfiguration;
 
    @jsoncreator
    public messagecardconfigurationdynamicproperties(@jsonproperty boolean enableoauth2link,
                                                     @jsonproperty string btntxt,
                                                     @jsonproperty string messageplatformredirecturi,
                                                     @jsonproperty boolean messageplatformredirectwithagileuserinfo,
                                                     @jsonproperty string agileappredirecturi,
                                                     @jsonproperty string agilemainredirecturi) {
        this.messagecardconfiguration = new messagecardconfiguration(enableoauth2link, btntxt, messageplatformredirecturi, messageplatformredirectwithagileuserinfo,
                agileappredirecturi, agilemainredirecturi);
        this.dynamicpropertieslist = dynamicvalueutil.configurationtodynamicproperties(messagecardconfiguration, mapper.values());
    }
 
    public boolean getenableoauth2link() {
        return messagecardconfiguration.getenableoauth2link();
    }
 
    public string getbtntxt() {
        return messagecardconfiguration.getbtntxt();
    }
 
    public string getmessageplatformredirecturi() {
        return messagecardconfiguration.getmessageplatformredirecturi();
    }
 
    public boolean getmessageplatformredirectwithagileuserinfo() {
        return messagecardconfiguration.getmessageplatformredirectwithagileuserinfo();
    }
 
    public string getagileappredirecturi() {
        return messagecardconfiguration.getagileappredirecturi();
    }
 
    public string getagilemainredirecturi() {
        return messagecardconfiguration.getagilemainredirecturi();
    }
 
    @data
    @allargsconstructor
    @noargsconstructor
    public static class messagecardconfiguration {
        @excelproperty(value = "是否开启跳转链接")
        private boolean enableoauth2link;
        @excelproperty(value = "卡片消息跳转描述")
        private string btntxt;
        @excelproperty(value = "平台跳转链接")
        private string messageplatformredirecturi;
        @excelproperty(value = "是否携带agile用户信息")
        private boolean messageplatformredirectwithagileuserinfo;
        @excelproperty(value = "agile h5跳转地址")
        private string agileappredirecturi;
        @excelproperty(value = "agile pc跳转地址")
        private string agilemainredirecturi;
    }
 
    @getter
    @requiredargsconstructor
    enum mapper implements dynamicvaluemapper {
        enable_oauth2_link(lambdautil.getfieldname(messagecardconfiguration::getenableoauth2link), "跳转链接开启oauth2授权"),
        btn_txt(lambdautil.getfieldname(messagecardconfiguration::getbtntxt), "卡片消息跳转描述"),
        message_platform_redirect_uri(lambdautil.getfieldname(messagecardconfiguration::getmessageplatformredirecturi), "平台跳转链接"),
        message_platform_redirect_with_agile_userinfo(lambdautil.getfieldname(messagecardconfiguration::getmessageplatformredirectwithagileuserinfo), "是否携带agile用户信息"),
        agile_app_redirect_uri(lambdautil.getfieldname(messagecardconfiguration::getagileappredirecturi), "agile h5 跳转路由"),
        agile_main_redirect_uri(lambdautil.getfieldname(messagecardconfiguration::getagilemainredirecturi), "agile pc 跳转路由"),
        ;
        private final string code;
        private final string name;
    }
}

3.导出动态头

/**
     * 按照模板内容类型分组(分sheet)：1.文本消息;2.文本卡片;3.富文本;4.图文
     *
     * @param querydto 查询条件
     * @param response 响应
     * @author zhumq
     * @date 2025/01/22 14:30:17
     */
    @override
    @sneakythrows
    public void exportexcel(querymsgmoduleinfodto querydto, httpservletresponse response) {
 
        log.info("【模板导出】导出模板数据,传入参数[querydto = {}]", querydto);
 
        // 获取模板数据
        page<msgmoduleinfoentity> page = convertpagebean(new paging(1, -1));
        list<msgmoduleinfodto> modulelist = msgmoduleinfomapper.selectpageinfo(querydto, page);
 
        if (collutil.isempty(modulelist)) {
            log.info("【模板导出】查询不到可导出的模板,传入参数[querydto = {}]", jsonutil.tojson(querydto));
            response.setcontenttype("application/json");
            response.setcharacterencoding("utf-8");
            response.getwriter().println(jsonutil.tojsonstr(apiresult.failmessage("没有数据可以导出")));
            return;
        }
 
        // 设置响应
        response.setcharacterencoding("utf-8");
        response.setcontenttype("application/vnd.ms-excel");
        string filename = urlencoder.encode("消息模板_" + system.currenttimemillis(), "utf-8");
        response.setheader("content-disposition", "attachment;filename=" + filename + ".xlsx");
 
        servletoutputstream outputstream = null;
        excelwriter excelwriter = null;
 
        try {
            outputstream = response.getoutputstream();
            excelwriter = easyexcel.write(outputstream).build();
 
            // 按内容类型分组
            map<string, list<msgmoduleinfodto>> contentmap = modulelist.stream()
                    .collect(collectors.groupingby(msgmoduleinfodto::getcontenttypecode));
 
            for (map.entry<string, list<msgmoduleinfodto>> entry : contentmap.entryset()) {
                string contenttype = entry.getkey();
                string sheetname = msgenum.contenttype.getlabelbykey(contenttype);
 
                list<msgmoduleinfodto> items = entry.getvalue();
 
                // 动态生成表头
                map<string, field> headmap = this.generateheader(items);
                list<list<string>> head = headmap.keyset().stream()
                        .map(collections::singletonlist)
                        .collect(collectors.tolist());
 
                // 提取数据行
                list<list<object>> datalist = this.obtainexportdata(items, headmap);
                // 写入数据到不同的 sheet 使用动态生成的表头
                writesheet writesheet = easyexcel.writersheet(sheetname)
                        .head(head)
                        .registerwritehandler(new customcolumnwidthstylestrategy())
                        .build();
                excelwriter.write(datalist, writesheet);
 
            }
 
            // 刷新输出流
            outputstream.flush();
        } catch (ioexception e) {
            log.error("导出模板数据失败", e);
            response.reset();
            response.setcontenttype("application/json");
            response.setcharacterencoding("utf-8");
            response.getwriter().println(jsonutil.tojsonstr(apiresult.failmessage("下载文件失败")));
        } finally {
            // 关闭 excelwriter
            if (excelwriter != null) {
                excelwriter.finish();
            }
            // 关闭输出流
            if (outputstream != null) {
                try {
                    outputstream.close();
                } catch (ioexception e) {
                    log.error("关闭输出流失败", e);
                }
            }
        }
    }
 
    /**
     * 提取数据行
     *
     * @param items
     * @param headmap
     * @return {@link list }<{@link list }<{@link object }>>
     * @author zhumq
     * @date 2025/01/22 14:59:11
     */
    private list<list<object>> obtainexportdata(list<msgmoduleinfodto> items, map<string, field> headmap) {
        list<list<object>> datalist = new arraylist<>();
        for (msgmoduleinfodto item : items) {
            list<object> datalistrow = new arraylist<>();
            // 填充固定字段
            for (map.entry<string, field> entryfield : headmap.entryset()) {
                string fieldname = entryfield.getkey();
                field field = entryfield.getvalue();
                if (field != null) {
                    // 固定字段通过反射获取
                    try {
                        field.setaccessible(true);
                        object value = field.get(item);
                        datalistrow.add(this.convertvalue(value));
                    } catch (exception e) {
                        log.error("反射获取字段值失败: {}", fieldname, e);
                        datalistrow.add("");
                    }
                } else {
                    // 动态字段通过getdynamicproperties获取
                    object value = optional.ofnullable(item.getdynamicproperties())
                            .map(messagetemplatedynamicproperties::getdynamicpropertieslist)
                            .orelse(collections.emptylist())
                            .stream()
                            .filter(cv -> cv.getname().equals(fieldname))
                            .findfirst()
                            .map(codeandvalue::getvalue)
                            .orelse("");
                    datalistrow.add(this.convertvalue(value));
                }
            }
            datalist.add(datalistrow);
        }
        return datalist;
    }
 
    /**
     * 生成excel表头结构
     *
     * @param items 模板数据
     * @return {@link map }<{@link string }, {@link field }>
     * @author zhumq
     * @date 2025/01/22 14:30:06
     */
    private map<string, field> generateheader(list<msgmoduleinfodto> items) {
 
        // 1. 固定字段（通过反射获取dto的@excelproperty）
        map<string, field> headermap = new linkedhashmap<>(this.getexcelheader(msgmoduleinfodto.class));
 
        // 2. 动态字段（直接从dynamicpropertieslist提取code）
        if (collutil.isnotempty(items)) {
            msgmoduleinfodto firstitem = items.get(0);
            messagetemplatedynamicproperties dynamicproperties = firstitem.getdynamicproperties();
            if (dynamicproperties != null && collutil.isnotempty(dynamicproperties.getdynamicpropertieslist())) {
                // 去重处理code，避免重复表头
                dynamicproperties.getdynamicpropertieslist().stream()
                        .map(codeandvalue::getname)
                        .distinct()
                        .foreach(name -> headermap.putifabsent(name, null));
            }
        }
        return headermap;
    }
 
    /**
     * 工具方法：获取类中带有@excelproperty注解的字段
     *
     * @param clazz 类
     * @return {@link map }<{@link string }, {@link field }>
     * @author zhumq
     * @date 2025/01/22 14:29:55
     */
    private map<string, field> getexcelheader(class<?> clazz) {
        map<string, field> fieldmap = new linkedhashmap<>();
        field[] fields = clazz.getdeclaredfields();
        for (field field : fields) {
            if (field.isannotationpresent(excelproperty.class)) {
                excelproperty excelproperty = field.getannotation(excelproperty.class);
                // 获取注解中的字段名称
                fieldmap.put(excelproperty.value()[0], field);
            }
        }
        return fieldmap;
    }
 
    /**
     * 转换字段值为字符串
     *
     * @param value
     * @return {@link object }
     * @author zhumq
     * @date 2025/01/22 14:50:16
     */
    private object convertvalue(object value) {
        if (value instanceof boolean) {
            return (boolean) value ? "是" : "否";
        } else if (value instanceof integer) {
            return (integer) value == 1 ? "是" : "否";
        } else if (value == null) {
            return "";
        }
        return value;
    }

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