本文将详细分析一款基于 wxpython 和 pillow (pil) 的简单图片处理工具,包括核心功能的实现与代码的设计思路。这款工具支持图片选择、旋转、合并、压缩,并且具有友好的图形用户界面(gui)。
全部代码
import wx from pil import image import os from io import bytesio class imageprocessorframe(wx.frame): def __init__(self): super().__init__(parent=none, title='图片处理工具') self.selected_images = [] self.current_image = none self.current_pil_image = none # 存储pil image对象 self.init_ui() def init_ui(self): panel = wx.panel(self) main_sizer = wx.boxsizer(wx.horizontal) # 左侧控制面板 left_sizer = wx.boxsizer(wx.vertical) # 创建按钮 select_btn = wx.button(panel, label='选择图片') rotate_btn = wx.button(panel, label='旋转') merge_btn = wx.button(panel, label='合并') compress_btn = wx.button(panel, label='压缩') # 创建列表框显示选择的图片 self.list_box = wx.listbox(panel, size=(200, 300)) # 添加组件到左侧sizer left_sizer.add(select_btn, 0, wx.all | wx.expand, 5) left_sizer.add(self.list_box, 1, wx.all | wx.expand, 5) left_sizer.add(rotate_btn, 0, wx.all | wx.expand, 5) left_sizer.add(merge_btn, 0, wx.all | wx.expand, 5) left_sizer.add(compress_btn, 0, wx.all | wx.expand, 5) # 右侧图片显示区域 right_sizer = wx.boxsizer(wx.vertical) self.image_display = wx.staticbitmap(panel, size=(600, 400)) right_sizer.add(self.image_display, 1, wx.expand | wx.all, 5) # 将左右两侧添加到主sizer main_sizer.add(left_sizer, 0, wx.expand | wx.all, 5) main_sizer.add(right_sizer, 1, wx.expand | wx.all, 5) # 绑定事件 select_btn.bind(wx.evt_button, self.on_select) rotate_btn.bind(wx.evt_button, self.on_rotate) merge_btn.bind(wx.evt_button, self.on_merge) compress_btn.bind(wx.evt_button, self.on_compress) self.list_box.bind(wx.evt_listbox, self.on_select_image) panel.setsizer(main_sizer) self.setsize((900, 600)) self.centre() def update_image_display(self, pil_image): """更新图片显示""" if pil_image: try: # 确保图片是rgb模式 if pil_image.mode != 'rgb': pil_image = pil_image.convert('rgb') # 获取显示区域的大小 display_size = self.image_display.getsize() image_size = pil_image.size # 计算缩放比例 ratio = min(display_size[0]/image_size[0], display_size[1]/image_size[1]) new_size = (int(image_size[0] * ratio), int(image_size[1] * ratio)) # 调整图片大小 resized_image = pil_image.resize(new_size, image.resampling.lanczos) # 转换为wx.bitmap image_buffer = bytesio() resized_image.save(image_buffer, format='png') image_buffer.seek(0) # 重置缓冲区指针到开始位置 wx_image = wx.image(image_buffer, type=wx.bitmap_type_png) wx_bitmap = wx_image.converttobitmap() # 更新显示 self.image_display.setbitmap(wx_bitmap) self.current_image = wx_bitmap self.current_pil_image = pil_image # 刷新显示 self.image_display.refresh() except exception as e: wx.messagebox(f'处理图片时出错: {str(e)}', '错误', wx.ok | wx.icon_error) # 计算缩放比例 ratio = min(display_size[0]/image_size[0], display_size[1]/image_size[1]) new_size = (int(image_size[0] * ratio), int(image_size[1] * ratio)) # 调整图片大小 resized_image = pil_image.resize(new_size, image.resampling.lanczos) # 转换为wx.bitmap image_buffer = bytesio() resized_image.save(image_buffer, format='png') image_buffer.seek(0) # 重置缓冲区指针到开始位置 wx_image = wx.image(image_buffer, type=wx.bitmap_type_png) wx_bitmap = wx_image.converttobitmap() # 更新显示 self.image_display.setbitmap(wx_bitmap) self.current_image = wx_bitmap self.current_pil_image = pil_image # 刷新显示 self.image_display.refresh() def on_select(self, event): with wx.filedialog(self, "选择图片文件", wildcard="图片文件 (*.jpg;*.png)|*.jpg;*.png", style=wx.fd_open | wx.fd_file_must_exist | wx.fd_multiple) as filedialog: if filedialog.showmodal() == wx.id_cancel: return paths = filedialog.getpaths() self.selected_images.extend(paths) self.list_box.set([os.path.basename(path) for path in self.selected_images]) def on_select_image(self, event): """当在列表中选择图片时触发""" selection = self.list_box.getselection() if selection != wx.not_found: try: image_path = self.selected_images[selection] # 使用二进制模式读取图片 with image.open(image_path) as img: # 创建一个副本以确保图片被完全加载 pil_image = img.copy() self.update_image_display(pil_image) except exception as e: wx.messagebox(f'无法打开图片: {str(e)}', '错误', wx.ok | wx.icon_error) def on_rotate(self, event): """旋转当前显示的图片""" if self.current_pil_image: # 顺时针旋转90度 try: rotated_image = self.current_pil_image.rotate(-90, expand=true) self.update_image_display(rotated_image) except exception as e: wx.messagebox(f'旋转图片时出错: {str(e)}', '错误', wx.ok | wx.icon_error) else: wx.messagebox('请先选择一张图片', '提示', wx.ok | wx.icon_information) def on_merge(self, event): if len(self.selected_images) < 2: wx.messagebox('请至少选择两张图片', '提示', wx.ok | wx.icon_information) return max_width = 0 total_height = 0 images = [] for img_path in self.selected_images: img = image.open(img_path) max_width = max(max_width, img.width) total_height += img.height images.append(img) merged_image = image.new('rgb', (max_width, total_height)) current_height = 0 for img in images: if img.width < max_width: x_offset = (max_width - img.width) // 2 else: x_offset = 0 merged_image.paste(img, (x_offset, current_height)) current_height += img.height save_path = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(self.selected_images[0]), 'merged.jpg') merged_image.save(save_path) wx.messagebox(f'图片已合并保存至: {save_path}', '成功', wx.ok | wx.icon_information) def on_compress(self, event): merged_path = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(self.selected_images[0]), 'merged.jpg') if not os.path.exists(merged_path): wx.messagebox('请先合并图片', '提示', wx.ok | wx.icon_information) return img = image.open(merged_path) width = int(img.width * 0.5) height = int(img.height * 0.5) compressed_img = img.resize((width, height), image.resampling.lanczos) save_path = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(merged_path), 'compressed.jpg') compressed_img.save(save_path, quality=85, optimize=true) wx.messagebox(f'压缩后的图片已保存至: {save_path}', '成功', wx.ok | wx.icon_information) def main(): app = wx.app() frame = imageprocessorframe() frame.show() app.mainloop() if __name__ == '__main__': main()
功能概述
该工具的主要功能包括:
- 选择图片:从本地文件中选择图片并显示在列表中。
- 图片预览:点击列表项可在右侧区域预览图片。
- 图片旋转:支持顺时针旋转当前显示的图片。
- 图片合并:将多张图片垂直合并为一张新图片。
- 图片压缩:对合并后的图片进行尺寸压缩。
代码结构与模块解析
import wx from pil import image import os from io import bytesio
模块说明
wx:提供图形用户界面支持,用于设计窗口、按钮、列表等组件。
pillow (pil):python图像处理库,支持加载、旋转、缩放、保存图片等功能。
os:用于文件路径操作。
io.bytesio:内存中的二进制流,用于将 pil 图片转换为 wx.bitmap 显示。
主类 imageprocessorframe
imageprocessorframe 继承自 wx.frame,是程序的主窗口,负责布局、事件绑定和功能处理。
class imageprocessorframe(wx.frame): def __init__(self): super().__init__(parent=none, title='图片处理工具') self.selected_images = [] # 存储已选择的图片路径 self.current_image = none # 当前显示的图片(wx.bitmap) self.current_pil_image = none # 当前显示的 pil 图片对象 self.init_ui()
界面初始化
init_ui 方法负责创建和布局界面组件,包括按钮、列表框和图片显示区域。
def init_ui(self): panel = wx.panel(self) main_sizer = wx.boxsizer(wx.horizontal) # 主布局,水平分布 # 左侧控制面板 left_sizer = wx.boxsizer(wx.vertical) select_btn = wx.button(panel, label='选择图片') rotate_btn = wx.button(panel, label='旋转') merge_btn = wx.button(panel, label='合并') compress_btn = wx.button(panel, label='压缩') self.list_box = wx.listbox(panel, size=(200, 300)) left_sizer.add(select_btn, 0, wx.all | wx.expand, 5) left_sizer.add(self.list_box, 1, wx.all | wx.expand, 5) left_sizer.add(rotate_btn, 0, wx.all | wx.expand, 5) left_sizer.add(merge_btn, 0, wx.all | wx.expand, 5) left_sizer.add(compress_btn, 0, wx.all | wx.expand, 5) # 右侧图片显示区域 right_sizer = wx.boxsizer(wx.vertical) self.image_display = wx.staticbitmap(panel, size=(600, 400)) right_sizer.add(self.image_display, 1, wx.expand | wx.all, 5) # 将左右两侧添加到主布局 main_sizer.add(left_sizer, 0, wx.expand | wx.all, 5) main_sizer.add(right_sizer, 1, wx.expand | wx.all, 5) # 绑定按钮事件 select_btn.bind(wx.evt_button, self.on_select) rotate_btn.bind(wx.evt_button, self.on_rotate) merge_btn.bind(wx.evt_button, self.on_merge) compress_btn.bind(wx.evt_button, self.on_compress) self.list_box.bind(wx.evt_listbox, self.on_select_image) panel.setsizer(main_sizer) self.setsize((900, 600)) self.centre()
布局细节:
- 左侧为按钮和图片列表框。
- 右侧为图片显示区域。
- 使用 wx.boxsizer 管理布局,保证界面响应式。
按钮绑定:
- on_select:选择图片并添加到列表。
- on_rotate:旋转当前图片。
- on_merge:合并图片。
- on_compress:压缩图片。
核心功能实现
图片选择
def on_select(self, event): with wx.filedialog(self, "选择图片文件", wildcard="图片文件 (*.jpg;*.png)|*.jpg;*.png", style=wx.fd_open | wx.fd_file_must_exist | wx.fd_multiple) as filedialog: if filedialog.showmodal() == wx.id_cancel: return paths = filedialog.getpaths() # 获取选择的文件路径 self.selected_images.extend(paths) # 添加到已选择列表 self.list_box.set([os.path.basename(path) for path in self.selected_images]) # 显示文件名
功能:
打开文件对话框,支持多选。
将选择的图片路径存储到 self.selected_images,并更新列表框显示。
图片显示与预览
def update_image_display(self, pil_image): if pil_image: try: if pil_image.mode != 'rgb': pil_image = pil_image.convert('rgb') display_size = self.image_display.getsize() image_size = pil_image.size ratio = min(display_size[0]/image_size[0], display_size[1]/image_size[1]) new_size = (int(image_size[0] * ratio), int(image_size[1] * ratio)) resized_image = pil_image.resize(new_size, image.resampling.lanczos) image_buffer = bytesio() resized_image.save(image_buffer, format='png') wx_image = wx.image(image_buffer, type=wx.bitmap_type_png) wx_bitmap = wx_image.converttobitmap() self.image_display.setbitmap(wx_bitmap) self.current_image = wx_bitmap self.current_pil_image = pil_image self.image_display.refresh() except exception as e: wx.messagebox(f'处理图片时出错: {str(e)}', '错误', wx.ok | wx.icon_error)
功能:
将 pil 图片调整为适合显示区域的大小。
转换为 wx.bitmap 后显示在 staticbitmap 中。
图片旋转
def on_rotate(self, event): if self.current_pil_image: try: rotated_image = self.current_pil_image.rotate(-90, expand=true) self.update_image_display(rotated_image) except exception as e: wx.messagebox(f'旋转图片时出错: {str(e)}', '错误', wx.ok | wx.icon_error) else: wx.messagebox('请先选择一张图片', '提示', wx.ok | wx.icon_information)
功能:
使用 pillow.image 的 rotate 方法实现顺时针旋转。
图片合并
def on_merge(self, event): if len(self.selected_images) < 2: wx.messagebox('请至少选择两张图片', '提示', wx.ok | wx.icon_information) return max_width = 0 total_height = 0 images = [] for img_path in self.selected_images: img = image.open(img_path) max_width = max(max_width, img.width) total_height += img.height images.append(img) merged_image = image.new('rgb', (max_width, total_height)) current_height = 0 for img in images: x_offset = (max_width - img.width) // 2 merged_image.paste(img, (x_offset, current_height)) current_height += img.height save_path = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(self.selected_images[0]), 'merged.jpg') merged_image.save(save_path) wx.messagebox(f'图片已合并保存至: {save_path}', '成功', wx.ok | wx.icon_information)
功能:
- 计算合并后图片的总尺寸。
- 使用 image.new 创建空白图片。
- 将每张图片逐一粘贴。
图片压缩
def on_compress(self, event): merged_path = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(self.selected_images[0]), 'merged.jpg') if not os.path.exists(merged_path): wx.messagebox('请先合并图片', '提示', wx.ok | wx.icon_information) return img = image.open(merged_path) width = int(img.width * 0.5) height = int(img.height * 0.5) compressed_img = img.resize((width, height), image.resampling.lanczos) save_path = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(merged_path), 'compressed.jpg') compressed_img.save(save_path, quality=85, optimize=true) wx.messagebox(f'压缩后的图片已保存至: {save_path}', '成功', wx.ok | wx.icon_information)
功能:
将合并后的图片尺寸缩小为原来的 50%。
设置压缩质量为 85%,并保存优化后的图片。
运行结果
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