我要评论主库更新，从库会同步更新。从库更新，主库一般是不会同步更新的，如果发生主库也同步更新，可能出现短暂bug，或者主从配置有问题。mysql集群：
单台设备的负载压力：主从复制
集群：分摊访问压力和存储压力
需求：使用 3306 mysql当作主， 3316 mysql 当作从，在3306中对 mydb2/mydb3 数据库所有的操作，希望能够主从复制同步到3316，其他的数据库操作不同步。
1、准备主服务器
docker run -d \ --name spzx-mysql \ -p 3306:3306 \ -v mysql_data:/var/lib/mysql \ -v mysql_conf:/etc/mysql \ --restart=always \ --privileged=true \ -e mysql_root_password=123456 \ mysql:8
[root@localhost ~]# docker ps container id image command created status ports ab66508d9441 mysql:8 "docker-entrypoint.s…" 8 months ago up 9 days 0.0.0.0:3306->3306/tcp, :::3306->3306/tcp, 33060/tcp spzx-mysql
此时我已经有一个主服务器 spzx-mysql
2、准备从服务器
docker run -d \ -p 3316:3306 \ -v mysql-slave1-conf:/etc/mysql/conf.d \ -v mysql-slave1-data:/var/lib/mysql \ -e mysql_root_password=123456 \ --name atguigu-mysql-slave1 \ mysql:8
[root@localhost ~]# docker ps container id image command created status ports names c236f876ae40 mysql:8 "docker-entrypoint.s…" 10 seconds ago up 3 seconds 33060/tcp, 0.0.0.0:3316->3306/tcp, :::3316->3306/tcp atguigu-mysql-slave1 ab66508d9441 mysql:8 "docker-entrypoint.s…" 8 months ago up 9 days 0.0.0.0:3306->3306/tcp, :::3306->3306/tcp, 33060/tcp spzx-mysql
3、主库配置
- 先在主mysql中配置 记录mydb2/mydb3库的操作日志到binlog日志文件中
– 主库写操作会按照配置记录到二进制文件中（binlog）
– 主库需要创建一个从账户并分配可以读取binlog日志的权限 - 在从mysql中配置中继日志文件，用来保存读取到的mysql主的 binlog 日志
– 从库可以开启主从复制，从指定的主库的binlog文件中加载日志缓存到自己的relaylog文件中，最后通过一个sql线程将relaylog文件中的日志replay到自己的库表中
– 从库需要使用主库提供的账号和主库的binlog文件建立连接
3.1、创建mysql主服务器配置文件：
[root@localhost ~]# docker inspect spzx-mysql
"mounts": [
{
"type": "volume",
"name": "mysql_conf",
"source": "/var/lib/docker/volumes/mysql_conf/_data",
"destination": "/etc/mysql",
"driver": "local",
"mode": "z",
"rw": true,
"propagation": ""
},
{
"type": "volume",
"name": "mysql_data",
"source": "/var/lib/docker/volumes/mysql_data/_data",
"destination": "/var/lib/mysql",
"driver": "local",
"mode": "z",
"rw": true,
"propagation": ""
}
],
[root@localhost _data]# cd /var/lib/docker/volumes/mysql_conf/_data [root@localhost _data]# ll 总用量 8 drwxrwxr-x. 2 root root 41 12月 26 2023 conf.d -rw-rw-r--. 1 root root 1080 12月 21 2021 my.cnf -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1448 9月 28 2021 my.cnf.fallback
[root@localhost _data]# vim my.cnf
配置如下内容：
[mysqld] # 服务器唯一id，默认值1 server-id=1 # 设置日志格式，默认值row。row（记录行数据） statement（记录sql） mixed（混合模式） binlog_format=statement # 二进制日志名，默认binlog # log-bin=binlog log-bin=spzxbinlog # 设置需要复制的数据库，默认复制全部数据库 binlog-do-db=mydb2 binlog-do-db=mydb3 # 设置不需要复制的数据库 binlog-ignore-db=mydb4 #binlog-ignore-db=infomation_schema
[root@localhost _data]# docker restart spzx-mysql spzx-mysql
[root@localhost _data]# ll ../../mysql_data/_data/
4、从库配置
[root@localhost _data]# docker inspect atguigu-mysql-slave1
vim /var/lib/docker/volumes/mysql-slave1-conf/_data/my.cnf
配置如下内容：
[mysqld] # 服务器唯一id，每台服务器的id必须不同，如果配置其他从机，注意修改id server-id=2 # 中继日志名，默认xxxxxxxxxxxx-relay-bin #relay-log=relay-bin
[root@localhost _data]# docker restart atguigu-mysql-slave1 atguigu-mysql-slave1
5、搭建主从&测试
5.1、使用命令行登录mysql主服务器
[root@localhost _data]# docker exec -it spzx-mysql /bin/bash root@ab66508d9441:/# mysql -uroot -p123456 mysql: [warning] using a password on the command line interface can be insecure. welcome to the mysql monitor. commands end with ; or \g. your mysql connection id is 8 server version: 8.0.27 mysql community server - gpl copyright (c) 2000, 2021, oracle and/or its affiliates. oracle is a registered trademark of oracle corporation and/or its affiliates. other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. type 'help;' or '\h' for help. type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
5.2、主机中查询master状态：
mysql> show master status; +-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+ | file | position | binlog_do_db | binlog_ignore_db | executed_gtid_set | +-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+ | spzxbinlog.000001 | 156 | mydb2,mydb3 | mydb4 | | +-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+ 1 row in set (0.01 sec)
5.3、从机中查询slave状态：
[root@localhost ~]# docker exec -it atguigu-mysql-slave1 /bin/bash error 1045 (28000): access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: no) root@c236f876ae40:/# mysql -uroot -p123456 mysql: [warning] using a password on the command line interface can be insecure. welcome to the mysql monitor. commands end with ; or \g. your mysql connection id is 9 server version: 8.0.27 mysql community server - gpl copyright (c) 2000, 2021, oracle and/or its affiliates. oracle is a registered trademark of oracle corporation and/or its affiliates. other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. type 'help;' or '\h' for help. type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql>
mysql> show slave status; empty set, 1 warning (0.02 sec)
从库必须和主库主动建立连接 开启自己的sql和io线程
5.4、主机中创建slave用户：
-- 创建slave用户 create user 'atguigu_slave'@'%'; -- 设置密码 alter user 'atguigu_slave'@'%' identified with mysql_native_password by '123456'; -- 授予复制权限 grant replication slave on *.* to 'atguigu_slave'@'%'; -- 刷新权限 flush privileges;
mysql> show master status; +-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+ | file | position | binlog_do_db | binlog_ignore_db | executed_gtid_set | +-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+ | spzxbinlog.000001 | 1074 | mydb2,mydb3 | mydb4 | | +-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
5.5、在从机上配置主从关系：
change master to master_host='192.168.74.148', master_user='atguigu_slave',master_password='123456', master_port=3306, master_log_file='spzxbinlog.000001',master_log_pos=1074;
mysql> change master to master_host='192.168.74.148',
-> master_user='atguigu_slave',master_password='123456', master_port=3306,
-> master_log_file='spzxbinlog.000001',master_log_pos=1074;
query ok, 0 rows affected, 9 warnings (0.05 sec)
mysql> show slave status; +----------------+----------------+---------------+-------------+---------------+-------------------+---------------------+-------------------------------+---------------+-----------------------+------------------+-------------------+-----------------+---------------------+--------------------+------------------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+------------+------------+--------------+---------------------+-----------------+-----------------+----------------+---------------+--------------------+--------------------+--------------------+-----------------+-------------------+----------------+-----------------------+-------------------------------+---------------+---------------+----------------+----------------+-----------------------------+------------------+-------------+-------------------------+-----------+---------------------+-------------------------+--------------------+-------------+-------------------------+--------------------------+----------------+--------------------+--------------------+-------------------+---------------+----------------------+--------------+--------------------+------------------------+-----------------------+-------------------+ | slave_io_state | master_host | master_user | master_port | connect_retry | master_log_file | read_master_log_pos | relay_log_file | relay_log_pos | relay_master_log_file | slave_io_running | slave_sql_running | replicate_do_db | replicate_ignore_db | replicate_do_table | replicate_ignore_table | replicate_wild_do_table | replicate_wild_ignore_table | last_errno | last_error | skip_counter | exec_master_log_pos | relay_log_space | until_condition | until_log_file | until_log_pos | master_ssl_allowed | master_ssl_ca_file | master_ssl_ca_path | master_ssl_cert | master_ssl_cipher | master_ssl_key | seconds_behind_master | master_ssl_verify_server_cert | last_io_errno | last_io_error | last_sql_errno | last_sql_error | replicate_ignore_server_ids | master_server_id | master_uuid | master_info_file | sql_delay | sql_remaining_delay | slave_sql_running_state | master_retry_count | master_bind | last_io_error_timestamp | last_sql_error_timestamp | master_ssl_crl | master_ssl_crlpath | retrieved_gtid_set | executed_gtid_set | auto_position | replicate_rewrite_db | channel_name | master_tls_version | master_public_key_path | get_master_public_key | network_namespace | +----------------+----------------+---------------+-------------+---------------+-------------------+---------------------+-------------------------------+---------------+-----------------------+------------------+-------------------+-----------------+---------------------+--------------------+------------------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+------------+------------+--------------+---------------------+-----------------+-----------------+----------------+---------------+--------------------+--------------------+--------------------+-----------------+-------------------+----------------+-----------------------+-------------------------------+---------------+---------------+----------------+----------------+-----------------------------+------------------+-------------+-------------------------+-----------+---------------------+-------------------------+--------------------+-------------+-------------------------+--------------------------+----------------+--------------------+--------------------+-------------------+---------------+----------------------+--------------+--------------------+------------------------+-----------------------+-------------------+ | | 192.168.74.148 | atguigu_slave | 3306 | 60 | spzxbinlog.000001 | 1074 | c236f876ae40-relay-bin.000001 | 4 | spzxbinlog.000001 | no | no | | | | | | | 0 | | 0 | 1074 | 156 | none | | 0 | no | | | | | | null | no | 0 | | 0 | | | 0 | | mysql.slave_master_info | 0 | null | | 86400 | | | | | | | | 0 | | | | | 0 | | +----------------+----------------+---------------+-------------+---------------+-------------------+---------------------+-------------------------------+---------------+-----------------------+------------------+-------------------+-----------------+---------------------+--------------------+------------------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+------------+------------+--------------+---------------------+-----------------+-----------------+----------------+---------------+--------------------+--------------------+--------------------+-----------------+-------------------+----------------+-----------------------+-------------------------------+---------------+---------------+----------------+----------------+-----------------------------+------------------+-------------+-------------------------+-----------+---------------------+-------------------------+--------------------+-------------+-------------------------+--------------------------+----------------+--------------------+--------------------+-------------------+---------------+----------------------+--------------+--------------------+------------------------+-----------------------+-------------------+ 1 row in set, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
5.6、启动从库的io和sql线程：都启动成功主从才搭建成功
mysql> start slave; query ok, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.03 sec)
mysql> show slave status; +----------------------------------+----------------+---------------+-------------+---------------+-------------------+---------------------+-------------------------------+---------------+-----------------------+------------------+-------------------+-----------------+---------------------+--------------------+------------------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+------------+------------+--------------+---------------------+-----------------+-----------------+----------------+---------------+--------------------+--------------------+--------------------+-----------------+-------------------+----------------+-----------------------+-------------------------------+---------------+---------------+----------------+----------------+-----------------------------+------------------+--------------------------------------+-------------------------+-----------+---------------------+----------------------------------------------------------+--------------------+-------------+-------------------------+--------------------------+----------------+--------------------+--------------------+-------------------+---------------+----------------------+--------------+--------------------+------------------------+-----------------------+-------------------+ | slave_io_state | master_host | master_user | master_port | connect_retry | master_log_file | read_master_log_pos | relay_log_file | relay_log_pos | relay_master_log_file | slave_io_running | slave_sql_running | replicate_do_db | replicate_ignore_db | replicate_do_table | replicate_ignore_table | replicate_wild_do_table | replicate_wild_ignore_table | last_errno | last_error | skip_counter | exec_master_log_pos | relay_log_space | until_condition | until_log_file | until_log_pos | master_ssl_allowed | master_ssl_ca_file | master_ssl_ca_path | master_ssl_cert | master_ssl_cipher | master_ssl_key | seconds_behind_master | master_ssl_verify_server_cert | last_io_errno | last_io_error | last_sql_errno | last_sql_error | replicate_ignore_server_ids | master_server_id | master_uuid | master_info_file | sql_delay | sql_remaining_delay | slave_sql_running_state | master_retry_count | master_bind | last_io_error_timestamp | last_sql_error_timestamp | master_ssl_crl | master_ssl_crlpath | retrieved_gtid_set | executed_gtid_set | auto_position | replicate_rewrite_db | channel_name | master_tls_version | master_public_key_path | get_master_public_key | network_namespace | +----------------------------------+----------------+---------------+-------------+---------------+-------------------+---------------------+-------------------------------+---------------+-----------------------+------------------+-------------------+-----------------+---------------------+--------------------+------------------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+------------+------------+--------------+---------------------+-----------------+-----------------+----------------+---------------+--------------------+--------------------+--------------------+-----------------+-------------------+----------------+-----------------------+-------------------------------+---------------+---------------+----------------+----------------+-----------------------------+------------------+--------------------------------------+-------------------------+-----------+---------------------+----------------------------------------------------------+--------------------+-------------+-------------------------+--------------------------+----------------+--------------------+--------------------+-------------------+---------------+----------------------+--------------+--------------------+------------------------+-----------------------+-------------------+ | waiting for source to send event | 192.168.74.148 | atguigu_slave | 3306 | 60 | spzxbinlog.000001 | 1074 | c236f876ae40-relay-bin.000002 | 325 | spzxbinlog.000001 | yes | yes | | | | | | | 0 | | 0 | 1074 | 541 | none | | 0 | no | | | | | | 0 | no | 0 | | 0 | | | 1 | af98f4d4-a3ca-11ee-b194-0242ac110002 | mysql.slave_master_info | 0 | null | replica has read all relay log; waiting for more updates | 86400 | | | | | | | | 0 | | | | | 0 | | +----------------------------------+----------------+---------------+-------------+---------------+-------------------+---------------------+-------------------------------+---------------+-----------------------+------------------+-------------------+-----------------+---------------------+--------------------+------------------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+------------+------------+--------------+---------------------+-----------------+-----------------+----------------+---------------+--------------------+--------------------+--------------------+-----------------+-------------------+----------------+-----------------------+-------------------------------+---------------+---------------+----------------+----------------+-----------------------------+------------------+--------------------------------------+-------------------------+-----------+---------------------+----------------------------------------------------------+--------------------+-------------+-------------------------+--------------------------+----------------+--------------------+--------------------+-------------------+---------------+----------------------+--------------+--------------------+------------------------+-----------------------+-------------------+ 1 row in set, 1 warning (0.01 sec)
6、在3306主机上创建mydb1
此时刷新3316从数据库，发现没有mydb1
7、在3306主机上创建mydb2
此时刷新3316从数据库，发现从机复制了主机中的mydb2数据库到从机中
8、在3306主机上创建mydb3
9、在3306主机上创建mydb4
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