mongodb命令行连接及基础命令总结大全

root@bddff4197a79:/# mongosh --help

  $ mongosh [options] [db address] [file names (ending in .js or .mongodb)]

  options:

    -h, --help                                 show this usage information
    -f, --file [arg]                           load the specified mongosh script
        --host [arg]                           server to connect to
        --port [arg]                           port to connect to
        --version                              show version information
        --verbose                              increase the verbosity of the output of the shell
        --quiet                                silence output from the shell during the connection process
        --shell                                run the shell after executing files
        --nodb                                 don't connect to mongod on startup - no 'db address' [arg] expected
        --norc                                 will not run the '.mongoshrc.js' file on start up
        --eval [arg]                           evaluate javascript
        --retrywrites                          automatically retry write operations upon transient network errors

  authentication options:

    -u, --username [arg]                       username for authentication
    -p, --password [arg]                       password for authentication
        --authenticationdatabase [arg]         user source (defaults to dbname)
        --authenticationmechanism [arg]        authentication mechanism
        --awsiamsessiontoken [arg]             aws iam temporary session token id
        --gssapiservicename [arg]              service name to use when authenticating using gssapi/kerberos
        --sspihostnamecanonicalization [arg]   specify the sspi hostname canonicalization (none or forward, available on windows)
        --sspirealmoverride [arg]              specify the sspi server realm (available on windows)

  tls options:

        --tls                                  use tls for all connections
        --tlscertificatekeyfile [arg]          pem certificate/key file for tls
        --tlscertificatekeyfilepassword [arg]  password for key in pem file for tls
        --tlscafile [arg]                      certificate authority file for tls
        --tlsallowinvalidhostnames             allow connections to servers with non-matching hostnames
        --tlsallowinvalidcertificates          allow connections to servers with invalid certificates
        --tlscertificateselector [arg]         tls certificate in system store (windows and macos only)
        --tlscrlfile [arg]                     specifies the .pem file that contains the certificate revocation list
        --tlsdisabledprotocols [arg]           comma separated list of tls protocols to disable [tls1_0,tls1_1,tls1_2]

  api version options:

        --apiversion [arg]                     specifies the api version to connect with
        --apistrict                            use strict api version mode
        --apideprecationerrors                 fail deprecated commands for the specified api version

  fle options:

        --awsaccesskeyid [arg]                 aws access key for fle amazon kms
        --awssecretaccesskey [arg]             aws secret key for fle amazon kms
        --awssessiontoken [arg]                optional aws session token id
        --keyvaultnamespace [arg]              database.collection to store encrypted fle parameters
        --kmsurl [arg]                         test parameter to override the url of the kms endpoint

  db address examples:

        foo                                    foo database on local machine
        192.168.0.5/foo                        foo database on 192.168.0.5 machine
        192.168.0.5:9999/foo                   foo database on 192.168.0.5 machine on port 9999
        mongodb://192.168.0.5:9999/foo         connection string uri can also be used

  file names:

        a list of files to run. files must end in .js and will exit after unless --shell is specified.

  examples:

        start mongosh using 'ships' database on specified connection string:
        $ mongosh mongodb://192.168.0.5:9999/ships

  for more information on usage: https://docs.mongodb.com/mongodb-shell.

mongosh --host localhost:27017 -u root -p 'yourpassword'

mongosh --host localhost:27017 

root@bddff4197a79:/# mongosh --host localhost:27017
current mongosh log id:	654b58d5a9821e4d7bbbf493
connecting to:		mongodb://localhost:27017/?directconnection=true&serverselectiontimeoutms=2000
using mongodb:		5.0.5
using mongosh:		1.1.6

for mongosh info see: https://docs.mongodb.com/mongodb-shell/

------
   the server generated these startup warnings when booting:
   2023-11-08t01:13:10.562+00:00: using the xfs filesystem is strongly recommended with the wiredtiger storage engine. see http://dochub.mongodb.org/core/prodnotes-filesystem
   2023-11-08t01:13:11.610+00:00: access control is not enabled for the database. read and write access to data and configuration is unrestricted
------

warning: found ~/.mongorc.js, but not ~/.mongoshrc.js. ~/.mongorc.js will not be loaded.
  you may want to copy or rename ~/.mongorc.js to ~/.mongoshrc.js.

show dbs

db

use 数据库名

db.dropdatabase()

show collections

db.集合名称.drop()

db.stu.insert({name:'zhangsan', gender:1})
db.stu.insert({_id:"20170101", name:'zhangsan', gender:1})

	db.集合名称.find({条件文档})
	db.stu.find({name:'zhangsan'})

    db.集合名称.findone({条件文档})
    db.stu.findone({age:20})

    db.集合名称.find({条件文档}).pretty()
    db.stu.find({name:'zhangsan'}).pretty()

	db.stu.update({name:'zhangsan', {name:'wangwu'}}) 更新匹配的第一条，其他值会被删除
    db.stu.update({name:'zhangsan', {$set:{name:'hys'}}}) 更新匹配的第一条，其他值不会被删除
    db.stu.update{{}, {$set:{gender:0}}, {multi:true}} 跟新全部，其他值不会被删除

	db.stu.remove({name:'wangwu'}, {justone:true}) 删除一条
	db.stu.remove({gender:2}) 删除全部

db.stu.find({age: {$gte:18}})

db.stu.find({age:{$in:[18,28]}})

db.stu.find({age:{$gte:18}, sex:1})

db.stu.find({$or:[{age:{$gt:18}}, {sex:1}]})

db.stu.find({$or:[{age:{$gt:18}}, {set:1}],name:'xiaoming'})

db.stu.find({name:/^xiao/})
db.stu.find({name:{$regex:'^xiao'}})

db.stu.find().limit(2)

db.stu.find().skip(2)

db.stu.find().limit(1).skip(2)
db.stu.find().limit(2).skip(1)

db.stu.find().sort({sex:-1,age:1})

db.stu.find({sex:1}).count()
db.stu.count({age:{$gt:20},sex:1})

db.stu.distinct('sex', {age: {$gt:18}})

db.map.aggregate(
    {$group:{_id: '$country',counter: {$sum:1}}}
)

db.stu.aggregate(
    {$group:{_id: null , counter: {$sum:1},age_avg: {$avg: '$age'}}}
)

db.stu.aggregate(
   {$project:{_id:0,name:1,age:1}}
)

db.stu.aggregate(
   {$group:{_id:'$sex',counter:{$sum:1}}},
   {$project:{_id:0, sex:'$_id',counter:1}}
)

db.stu.aggregate(
   {$match:{age:{$gt:20}}}
)

db.stu.aggregate(
   {$match:{age:{$gt:20}}},
   {$group:{_id:'$sex', counter:{$sum:1}}}
)

db.stu.aggregate(
    {$sort:{age:1}}
)

db.stu.aggregate(
    {$group:{_id:'$sex',count:{$sum:1}}},
    {$sort:{count:-1}},
    {$project:{count:1,_id:0}})

db.stu.aggregate(
   {$limit:2}
)

db.stu.aggregate(
   {$skip:2}
)

db.t2.insert(
   {_id:1, item:'t-shirt', size:['s', 'm', 'l']}
)
db.t2.aggregate(
   {$unwind:'$size'}
)
注意：如果每条文档中含有该数组的字段值为空的时候，想保留字段内容，可以使用：
db.t2.aggregate(
   {$unwind:{
       path: '$字段名称',
       preservenullandemptyarrays:<boolean>  # 防止数据丢失
   }}
)