我要评论nginx+keepalived实现七层的负载均衡的高可用
一、准备服务器
1、主机清单
| 主机名 | ip | 系统 |
|---|---|---|
| proxy-master | 10.12.153.105 | centos7.5 |
| proxy-slave | 10.12.153.176 | centos7.5 |
| real-server1 | 10.12.153.114 | centos7.5 |
| real-server2 | 10.12.153.187 | centos7.5 |
2、配置安装nginx 所有的机器，关闭防火墙和selinux
[root@proxy-master ~]# systemctl stop firewalld //关闭防火墙 [root@proxy-master ~]# sed -i 's/^selinux=.*/selinux=disabled/' /etc/sysconfig/selinux //关闭selinux，重启生效 [root@proxy-master ~]# setenforce 0 //关闭selinux，临时生效
3.安装nginx， 全部4台
[root@proxy-master ~]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/ [root@proxy-master yum.repos.d]# vim nginx.repo [nginx-stable] name=nginx stable repo baseurl=http://nginx.org/packages/centos/$releasever/$basearch/ gpgcheck=0 enabled=1 [root@proxy-master yum.repos.d]# yum install yum-utils -y [root@proxy-master yum.repos.d]# yum install nginx -y
二、部署负载均衡
1、选择两台nginx服务器作为代理服务器。
2、给两台代理服务器安装keepalived制作高可用生成vip
3、配置nginx的负载均衡
#两台代理配置一样
1、修改nginx的配置文件，添加以下内容，
#注意：将/etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf改名，不然转发不过去
[root@proxy-slave conf.d]# mv default.conf default.conf.back
upstream backend {
server 10.12.153.114:80 weight=1 max_fails=3 fail_timeout=20s;
server 10.12.153.187:80 weight=1 max_fails=3 fail_timeout=20s;
}
server {
listen 80;
server_name localhost;
location / {
proxy_pass http://backend;
proxy_set_header host $host:$proxy_port;
proxy_set_header x-forwarded-for $remote_addr;
}
}2、重启nginx
[root@proxy-master ~]# nginx -s reload
3.修改server1、server2的web页面测试
[root@server2 ~]# cat >>/usr/share/nginx/html/index.html<<eof > 187 > eof [root@server1 html]# cat >/usr/share/nginx/html/index.html<<eof > 114 > eof
4..访问负载均衡
负载均衡正常
三、keepalived实现调度器ha
注：主/备调度器均能够实现正常调度
1、 主/备调度器安装软件
[root@proxy-master ~]# yum install -y keepalived [root@proxy-slave ~]# yum install -y keepalived
2、备份keepalived配置文件
[root@proxy-master ~]# cp /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf.bak
3、修改配置文件
①修改master
[root@proxy-master ~]# vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
! configuration file for keepalived
global_defs {
router_id directory1 #辅助改为directory2
}
：
vrrp_instance vi_1 {
state master #定义主还是备
interface ens33 #vip绑定接口
virtual_router_id 80 #整个集群的调度器一致
priority 100 #back改为50
advert_int 1
authentication {
auth_type pass
auth_pass 1111
}
virtual_ipaddress {
10.12.153.151/24 # vip
}
}②修改slave
[root@proxy-slave ~]# vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
! configuration file for keepalived
global_defs {
router_id directory2
}
vrrp_instance vi_1 {
state backup #设置为backup
interface ens33
nopreempt #设置到back上面，不抢占资源
virtual_router_id 80
priority 50 #辅助改为50
advert_int 1
authentication {
auth_type pass
auth_pass 1111
}
virtual_ipaddress {
10.12.153.151/24
}
}4、启动keepalived（主备均启动）
[root@proxy-master ~]# systemctl enable keepalived [root@proxy-slave ~]# systemctl start keepalived
5、通过停止keepalived来测试vip是否飘逸
①在master，slave上查看
②停掉master的keepalived来模仿master宕机，看vip是否飘逸
由此可见nginx的高可用成功
到此：
可以解决心跳故障keepalived
不能解决nginx服务故障
四、解决nginx服务故障
扩展对调度器nginx健康检查（可选）两台都设置
1、作用
让keepalived以一定时间间隔执行一个外部脚本，脚本的功能是当nginx失败，则关闭本机的keepalived
2、检查nginx健康的脚本
! configuration file for keepalived
global_defs {
router_id directory1 #辅助改为directory2
}
：
vrrp_script check_nginx {
script "/etc/keepalived/check_nginx_status.sh"
interval 5
}
vrrp_instance vi_1 {
state master #定义主还是备
interface ens33 #vip绑定接口
virtual_router_id 80 #整个集群的调度器一致
priority 100 #back改为50
advert_int 1
authentication {
auth_type pass
auth_pass 1111
}
virtual_ipaddress {
10.12.153.151/24 # vip
}
track_script {
check_nginx
}
}注：必须先启动nginx，再启动keepalived
3、测试
停止master的nginx，vip会飘逸到salve上，
再次启动master的nginx，重启master的keepalived，vip会飘到master上。
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