Python的PrettyTable模块的方法实现_Python

1.prettytable介绍与基本使用

在使用python查询表格数据的时候，直接print出来的话。数据杂乱无章，这个使用就可以使用prettytable模块来解决这个问题。如下图:

这样在输出的窗口可以很清晰看到所需要的信息。那么类似这种表格要怎么做出来呢？没错，使用prettytable就会把事情变得很简单

2.prettytable的安装

pip3 install prettytable

3.prettytable的使用

1.添加表头、添加行、添加列

类似于数据库中的表，由表头（或者说字段名），以及每一行的内容组成。

# ======================
# -*-coding: utf-8 -*-
# ======================
from prettytable import prettytable
# 传入的name,age,country相当于表头
td = prettytable(["name","age","country"])
# 调用add_row 添加行记录
td.add_row(["michael","23","china"])
td.add_row(["bob","24","usa"])
td.add_row(["jack","25","uk"])
print(td)

2.临时添加一列

# ======================
# -*-coding: utf-8 -*-
# ======================
from prettytable import prettytable
# 传入的name,age,country相当于表头
td = prettytable(["name","age","country"])
# 调用add_row 添加行记录
td.add_row(["michael","23","china"])
td.add_row(["bob","24","usa"])
td.add_row(["jack","25","uk"])

td.add_column("gender",["male","male","female"])

print(td)

输出内容是不是和 mysql数据库类似呢。

此外 prettytable 还支持从 csv、数据库、html 等数据源中导入数据，但说实话，从数据源读取数据我们一般使用 pandas，并且还会伴随着数据处理。而使用 prettytable 只是为了让程序中产生的信息，能够以结构化的形式打印，很少会从文件或数据库里面读数据

3.输出指定行、指定列

# ======================
# -*-coding: utf-8 -*-
# ======================
from prettytable import prettytable
# 传入的name,age,country相当于表头
td = prettytable(["name","age","country"])
# 调用add_row 添加行记录
td.add_row(["michael","23","china"])
td.add_row(["bob","24","usa"])
td.add_row(["jack","25","uk"])

td.add_column("gender",["male","male","female"])

# 只输出name和age列
# start 和 end 参数可以控制输出的起始和结束位置
print(td.get_string(fields=["name","age"],start=1,end=3))

4.设置对齐方式

# ======================
# -*-coding: utf-8 -*-
# ======================
from prettytable import prettytable
# 传入的name,age,country相当于表头
td = prettytable(["name","age","country"])
# 调用add_row 添加行记录
td.add_row(["michael","23","china"])
td.add_row(["bob","24","usa"])
td.add_row(["jack","25","uk"])

td.add_column("gender",["male","male","female"])

# l代表左对齐,c表示居中,r表示右对齐
td.align['name'] = "l"
td.align['age'] = 'c'
td.align['country'] = "r"
# 输出表格
print(td)

5.设置边框样式

在 prettytable 中，边框由三个部分组成：横边框，竖边框，和边框连接符，我们都可以修改

# ======================
# -*-coding: utf-8 -*-
# ======================
from prettytable import prettytable
# 传入的name,age,country相当于表头
td = prettytable(["name","age","country"])
# 调用add_row 添加行记录
td.add_row(["michael","23","china"])
td.add_row(["bob","24","usa"])
td.add_row(["jack","25","uk"])

td.add_column("gender",["male","male","female"])

# 是否显示边框,默认为true
td.border = true

# 横边框
td.horizontal_char = "^"
# 竖边框
td.vertical_char = '>'
# 边框连接符
td.junction_char = '~'

# 输出表格
print(td)

6.根据csv导入

prettytable支持从csv文件中导入数据并创建表格，需要注意的是，字符串需要加上引号

# ======================
# -*-coding: utf-8 -*-
# ======================
from prettytable import from_csv
with open('test.csv') as f:
    table = from_csv(f)
print(table)

7.从数据库中导入

# ======================
# -*-coding: utf-8 -*-
# ======================
import pymysql
from prettytable import from_db_cursor

connection = pymysql.connect(host='127.0.0.1', user='root', password='123456', port=3306, db='uniform_db')
cursor = connection.cursor()
cursor.execute("select * from uniform_a_v1 limit 10;")
mytable = from_db_cursor(cursor)
print(mytable)

8.表数据的删除

prettytable 提供四种方法用于删除数据

del_row：删除某行，允许传入一个整数参数.(从0开始)
del_column：删除某列，允许传入一个字符串，表示要删除的列的字段名
clear_rows：删除所有数据，但保存列的字段名
clear：删除所有数据，包括列的字段名

9.对表格进行排序

# ======================
# -*-coding: utf-8 -*-
# ======================
from prettytable import prettytable
# 传入的name,age,country相当于表头
td = prettytable(["name","age","country"])
# 调用add_row 添加行记录
td.add_row(["michael","23","china"])
td.add_row(["bob","24","usa"])
td.add_row(["jack","25","uk"])

td.add_column("gender",["male","male","female"])
# 按照某一列进行排序
print(td.get_string(sortby="age"))
# 按照某一列进行逆序排序
print(td.get_string(sortby="age",reversesort=true))

10.更改颜色属性

# ======================
# -*-coding: utf-8 -*-
# ======================
from prettytable.colortable import colortable,themes,theme

x = colortable(theme = themes.ocean)
# # ansi颜色值设置具体参考：https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/ansi%e8%bd%ac%e4%b9%89%e5%ba%8f%e5%88%97
# x = colortable(theme=theme(default_color="33", # 黄色
#                             vertical_color="42", # 绿色
#                             horizontal_color="35", #紫色
#                             junction_color="41",)) # 红色

x.field_names = ["city name", "area", "population", "annual rainfall"]
# 添加每一行的数据
x.add_row(["adelaide", 1295, 1158259, 600.5])
x.add_row(["brisbane", 5905, 1857594, 1146.4])
x.add_row(["darwin", 112, 120900, 1714.7])
x.add_row(["hobart", 1357, 205556, 619.5])
x.add_row(["sydney", 2058, 4336374, 1214.8])
x.add_row(["melbourne", 1566, 3806092, 646.9])
x.add_row(["perth", 5386, 1554769, 869.4])

print(x)