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在android开发中，通过对话框让用户选择，筛选信息是很方便也很常见的操作。本文详细介绍了如何使用自定义 dialog、recyclerview 以及自定义搜索框 来实现选中状态和用户交互，文中大本分代码都有明确注释，主打一个简单明了，实际效果如下，可单选，全选，精准查找，选择状态变化，以及信息回调
一、builder 模式
说到自定义 dialog，就不得不提到 builder模式，
android系统中的builder设计模式是一种创建型设计模式，它主要用于构建一个复杂对象，并将其构建过程与表示分离，builder设计模式通过将一个复杂对象的构建过程拆解成一系列简单的步骤，使得构建过程更加灵活、可读和易于扩展。它允许用户在不知道内部构建细节的情况下，可以更精细地控制对象的构造流程。
在android开发中，builder模式的一个常见应用是alertdialog.builder。alertdialog是一个复杂的对话框对象，它包含多个属性和方法。使用alertdialog.builder可以方便地构建和显示对话框，而无需直接操作alertdialog对象。例如：
alertdialog.builder builder = new alertdialog.builder(context);
builder.seticon(r.drawable.icon);
builder.settitle("头部");
builder.setmessage("内容");
builder.setpositivebutton("button1", new dialoginterface.onclicklistener() {
public void onclick(dialoginterface dialog, int whichbutton) {
// 处理点击事件
}
});
builder.create().show(); // 构建并显示对话框综上所述，builder设计模式在android开发中具有重要的应用价值。它可以帮助开发者构建复杂对象，提高代码的可读性和可维护性，同时支持灵活的构建过程和对象变种。
二、使用步骤
1. 自定义 serachselectdialog
public class serachselectdialog extends dialog {
private static searchselectadapter sa;
private static string result;
private static list<string> resultlist = new arraylist<>();
private static list<string> selecteditems;
private static int searchposition;
public serachselectdialog(context context, int themeresid) {
super(context, themeresid);
}
/**
* 设置 dialog的大小
*
* @param x 宽比例
* @param y 高比例
*/
public void setdialogwindowattr(double x, double y, activity activity) {
if (x < 0 || x > 1 || y < 0 || y > 1) {
return;
}
window window = this.getwindow();
windowmanager.layoutparams lp = window.getattributes();
windowmanager manager = activity.getwindowmanager();
displaymetrics outmetrics = new displaymetrics();
manager.getdefaultdisplay().getmetrics(outmetrics);
int width = outmetrics.widthpixels;
int height = outmetrics.heightpixels;
lp.gravity = gravity.bottom;
lp.width = (int) (width * x);
lp.height = (int) (height * y);
this.getwindow().setattributes(lp);
}
public static class builder {
private string title;
private view contentview;
private string positivebuttontext;
private string negativebuttontext;
private list<itemmodel> listdata;
private view.onclicklistener positivebuttonclicklistener;
private view.onclicklistener negativebuttonclicklistener;
private view.onclicklistener singlebuttonclicklistener;
private view layout;
private context context;
private serachselectdialog dialog;
private onselectedlistiner selectedlistiner;
searchview searchview;
linearlayout closebtn;
linearlayout okbtn;
textview titleview;
private boolean state = false;
private recyclerview itemlv;
private final textview qxtv;
//初始化
public builder(context context) {
//这里传入自定义的style，直接影响此dialog的显示效果。style具体实现见style.xml
this.context = context;
dialog = new serachselectdialog(context, r.style.selectdialog);
layoutinflater inflater = (layoutinflater) context.getsystemservice(context.layout_inflater_service);
layout = inflater.inflate(r.layout.dialog_select_search, null);
qxtv = layout.findviewbyid(r.id.qx_tv);
itemlv = layout.findviewbyid(r.id.item_lv);
searchview = layout.findviewbyid(r.id.searchview);
closebtn = layout.findviewbyid(r.id.diss_layout);
okbtn = layout.findviewbyid(r.id.ok_layout);
titleview = layout.findviewbyid(r.id.title_tv);
dialog.addcontentview(layout, new viewgroup.layoutparams(viewgroup.layoutparams.match_parent, viewgroup.layoutparams.wrap_content));
}
public builder settitle(string title) {
this.title = title;
return this;
}
public void setlistdata(list<itemmodel> listdata) {
this.listdata = listdata;
}
/**
* 单按钮对话框和双按钮对话框的公共部分在这里设置
*/
private serachselectdialog create() {
gridlayoutmanager gridlayoutmanager = new gridlayoutmanager(context, 3);
sa = new searchselectadapter(listdata);
itemlv.setlayoutmanager(gridlayoutmanager);
itemlv.setadapter(sa);
//搜索事件
searchview.setsearchviewlistener(new searchview.onsearchviewlistener() {
@override
public boolean onquerytextchange(string text) {
updatelayout(searchitem(text));
return false;
}
});
//全选
qxtv.setonclicklistener(new view.onclicklistener() {
@override
public void onclick(view v) {
if (sa.getselecteditempositions().size() == sa.getitemcount()) {
sa.clearselection();
} else {
sa.selectall();
resultlist = sa.getselecteditems();
}
}
});
//取消按钮
closebtn.setonclicklistener(new view.onclicklistener() {
@override
public void onclick(view v) {
dialog.dismiss();
resultlist.clear();
}
});
//确认按钮
okbtn.setonclicklistener(new view.onclicklistener() {
@override
public void onclick(view v) {
string json = new gson().tojson(resultlist);
selectedlistiner.onselected(json);
dialog.dismiss();
resultlist.clear();
}
});
dialog.setondismisslistener(new ondismisslistener() {
@override
public void ondismiss(dialoginterface dialog) {
}
});
//item点击事件
sa.setonitemclicklistener(new searchselectadapter.onitemclicklistener() {
@override
public void onitemclick(int position) {
boolean selected = listdata.get(position).isselected();
result = listdata.get(position).getitemname();
if (selected == true) {
resultlist.add(result);
} else {
resultlist.remove(result);
}
log.i("u--", resultlist.tostring() + selected + "");
}
});
dialog.setcontentview(layout);
//用户可以点击手机back键取消对话框显示
dialog.setcancelable(true);
//用户不能通过点击对话框之外的地方取消对话框显示
dialog.setcanceledontouchoutside(false);
return dialog;
}
//在数据源中查找匹配的数据
public list<itemmodel> searchitem(string name) {
arraylist<itemmodel> msearchlist = new arraylist<itemmodel>();
for (int i = 0; i < listdata.size(); i++) {
int index = listdata.get(i).getitemname().indexof(name);
// 存在匹配的数据
if (index != -1) {
msearchlist.add(listdata.get(i));
log.i("u--", i + "搜索位置");
searchposition = i;
}
}
return msearchlist;
}
//提供匹配后的的数据进行数据回调
public void updatelayout(list<itemmodel> newlist) {
final searchselectadapter sa = new searchselectadapter(newlist);
gridlayoutmanager gridlayoutmanager = new gridlayoutmanager(context, 3);
itemlv.setlayoutmanager(gridlayoutmanager);
itemlv.setadapter(sa);
//item点击事件
sa.setonitemclicklistener(new searchselectadapter.onitemclicklistener() {
@override
public void onitemclick(int position) {
result = newlist.get(position).getitemname();
boolean selected = listdata.get(searchposition).isselected();
if (selected == true) {
resultlist.add(result);
} else {
resultlist.remove(result);
}
log.i("u--", resultlist.tostring() + selected + "");
}
});
}
//自定义接口进行数据点击回传
public static abstract class onselectedlistiner {
public abstract void onselected(string string);
}
public void setselectedlistiner(serachselectdialog.builder.onselectedlistiner selectedlistiner) {
this.selectedlistiner = selectedlistiner;
}
//弹框展示
public serachselectdialog show() {
create();
dialog.show();
return dialog;
}
}
}2.自定义搜索框 searchview
ui 主要包括输入框，删除键 ,主要通过监听edittext 的文本以及输入框的变化，设置搜索回调接口来实现
public class searchview extends linearlayout implements view.onclicklistener {
/**
* 输入框
*/
private edittext etinput;
/**
* 删除键
*/
private imageview ivdelete;
/**
* 上下文对象
*/
private context mcontext;
/**
* 搜索回调接口
*/
private onsearchviewlistener mlistener;
/**
* 设置搜索回调接口
*
* @param listener 监听者
*/
public void setsearchviewlistener(onsearchviewlistener listener) {
mlistener = listener;
}
public searchview(context context, attributeset attrs) {
super(context, attrs);
mcontext = context;
layoutinflater.from(context).inflate(r.layout.view_search_layout, this);
initviews();
}
private void initviews() {
etinput = (edittext) findviewbyid(r.id.et_search_text);
ivdelete = (imageview) findviewbyid(r.id.imb_search_clear);
ivdelete.setonclicklistener(this);
etinput.addtextchangedlistener(new editchangedlistener());
etinput.setonclicklistener(this);
}
private class editchangedlistener implements textwatcher {
@override
public void beforetextchanged(charsequence charsequence, int i, int i2, int i3) {
}
@override
public void ontextchanged(charsequence charsequence, int i, int i2, int i3) {
if (!"".equals(charsequence.tostring())) {
ivdelete.setvisibility(visible);
//更新autocomplete数据
if (mlistener != null) {
mlistener.onquerytextchange(charsequence + "");
}
} else {
ivdelete.setvisibility(gone);
}
}
@override
public void aftertextchanged(editable editable) {
}
}
@override
public void onclick(view view) {
switch (view.getid()) {
case r.id.imb_search_clear:
etinput.settext("");
if (mlistener != null) {
mlistener.onquerytextchange("");
}
ivdelete.setvisibility(gone);
break;
}
}
/**
* search view回调方法
*/
public interface onsearchviewlistener {
boolean onquerytextchange(string text);
}
} 3.searchselectadapter
主要实现条目的点击事件以及数据回调
public class searchselectadapter extends recyclerview.adapter<searchselectadapter.viewholder> {
private list<itemmodel> itemlist;
private list<integer> selecteditempositions;
//声明接口
private onitemclicklistener onitemclicklistener;
public searchselectadapter(list<itemmodel> itemlist) {
this.itemlist = itemlist;
selecteditempositions = new arraylist<>();
}
@override
public int getitemcount() {
return itemlist.size();
}
public void setonitemclicklistener(onitemclicklistener listener) {
this.onitemclicklistener = listener;
}
@nonnull
@override
public viewholder oncreateviewholder(@nonnull viewgroup parent, int viewtype) {
// 创建viewholder
view view = layoutinflater.from(parent.getcontext()).inflate(r.layout.list_cell_select_single, parent, false);
return new viewholder(view);
}
@override
public void onbindviewholder(@nonnull viewholder holder, int position) {
// 绑定数据到viewholder
itemmodel item = itemlist.get(position);
holder.textview.settext(item.getitemname());
//给条目布局设置点击事件
holder.itemlayout.setonclicklistener(new view.onclicklistener() {
@override
public void onclick(view v) {
if (selecteditempositions.contains(position)) {
selecteditempositions.remove(integer.valueof(position));
holder.textview.settextcolor(color.black);
holder.itemview.setbackgroundresource(r.drawable.item_grey_layout_bg);
item.setselected(false);
} else {
selecteditempositions.add(position);
holder.textview.settextcolor(color.white);
holder.itemview.setbackgroundresource(r.drawable.item_blue_layout_bg);
item.setselected(true);
}
if (onitemclicklistener != null) {
onitemclicklistener.onitemclick(position);
}
}
});
if (selecteditempositions.contains(position)) {
holder.textview.settextcolor(color.white);
holder.itemview.setbackgroundresource(r.drawable.item_blue_layout_bg);
} else {
holder.textview.settextcolor(color.black);
holder.itemview.setbackgroundresource(r.drawable.item_grey_layout_bg);
}
}
/**
* 接口回调
*/
public interface onitemclicklistener {
void onitemclick(int position);
}
public void selectall() {
selecteditempositions.clear();
for (int i = 0; i < itemlist.size(); i++) {
selecteditempositions.add(i);
}
notifydatasetchanged();
}
public void clearselection() {
selecteditempositions.clear();
notifydatasetchanged();
}
public list<integer> getselecteditempositions() {
return selecteditempositions;
}
public list<string> getselecteditems() {
list<string> selecteditems = new arraylist<>();
for (int position : selecteditempositions) {
selecteditems.add(itemlist.get(position).getitemname());
}
return selecteditems;
}
public static class viewholder extends recyclerview.viewholder {
private final textview textview;
private final linearlayout itemlayout;
public viewholder(@nonnull view itemview) {
super(itemview);
textview = itemview.findviewbyid(r.id.tv_select_info);
itemlayout = itemview.findviewbyid(r.id.item_layout);
}
}
}4.xml 布局
dialog_select_search.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<linearlayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical">
<linearlayout
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:background="@drawable/item_white_layout"
android:orientation="vertical">
<relativelayout
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="50dp">
<textview
android:id="@+id/title_tv"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_centerinparent="true"
android:text="岗位选择"
android:textcolor="@color/black" />
</relativelayout>
<com.example.dialoglistview.searchview
android:id="@+id/searchview"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content" />
<textview
android:id="@+id/qx_tv"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_marginleft="20dp"
android:layout_margintop="@dimen/dp_10"
android:text="全选"
android:textsize="16sp" />
<androidx.recyclerview.widget.recyclerview
android:id="@+id/item_lv"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content" />
<view
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="1dp"
android:background="@color/grey" />
<linearlayout
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="40dp"
android:background="@color/transparent"
android:gravity="center"
android:orientation="horizontal">
<linearlayout
android:id="@+id/diss_layout"
android:layout_width="0dp"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:layout_weight="1"
android:gravity="center">
<textview
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="取消"
android:textcolor="@color/sea_blue" />
</linearlayout>
<view
android:layout_width="1dp"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:background="@color/grey" />
<linearlayout
android:id="@+id/ok_layout"
android:layout_width="0dp"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:layout_weight="1"
android:gravity="center">
<textview
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="确定"
android:textcolor="@color/sea_blue" />
</linearlayout>
</linearlayout>
</linearlayout>
</linearlayout>view_search_layout.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<linearlayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="50dp"
android:background="#ffffff"
android:gravity="center"
android:orientation="vertical">
<linearlayout
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="35dp"
android:layout_marginleft="15dp"
android:layout_marginright="15dp"
android:background="@drawable/item_search_layout"
android:gravity="center_vertical"
android:orientation="horizontal">
<imagebutton
android:id="@+id/imb_search_search"
android:layout_width="20dp"
android:layout_height="20dp"
android:layout_marginleft="15dp"
android:background="#f0f0f0"
android:scaletype="centerinside"
android:src="@mipmap/im_search_back" />
<edittext
android:id="@+id/et_search_text"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_marginleft="10dp"
android:layout_marginright="15dp"
android:layout_weight="1"
android:background="@null"
android:hint="请输入搜索内容"
android:lines="1"
android:textsize="14sp" />
<imagebutton
android:id="@+id/imb_search_clear"
android:layout_width="35dp"
android:layout_height="35dp"
android:layout_marginright="20dp"
android:background="#f0f0f0"
android:padding="12.5dp"
android:scaletype="centerinside"
android:src="@mipmap/delet_zhaopian_1x"
android:visibility="gone" />
</linearlayout>
</linearlayout>5.数据支持
// 创建数据列表
itemlist = new arraylist<>();
itemlist.add(new itemmodel("医生", false));
itemlist.add(new itemmodel("警察", false));
itemlist.add(new itemmodel("护士", false));
itemlist.add(new itemmodel("农民", false));
itemlist.add(new itemmodel("工人", false));
itemlist.add(new itemmodel("司机", false));public class itemmodel {
private string itemname;
private boolean isselected;
public itemmodel(string itemname, boolean isselected) {
this.itemname = itemname;
this.isselected = isselected;
}
public string getitemname() {
return itemname;
}
public void setitemname(string itemname) {
this.itemname = itemname;
}
public boolean isselected() {
return isselected;
}
public void setselected(boolean selected) {
isselected = selected;
}
}6.实际应用
private void opensearchselectdialog() {
serachselectdialog.builder alert = new serachselectdialog.builder(this);
alert.setlistdata(itemlist);
alert.settitle("岗位选择");
alert.setselectedlistiner(new serachselectdialog.builder.onselectedlistiner() {
@override
public void onselected(string info) {
oktv.settext(info);
}
});
serachselectdialog mdialog = alert.show();
//设置dialog 尺寸
mdialog.setdialogwindowattr(0.9, 0.9, this);
}三、总结
后续 demo 会上传
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