Docker 容器互联互通的实现方法_云虚拟主机

本文讲解不同网络下的容器可以通过加入同一个docker网络，来访问该docker网络下的容器，并且既可以通过容器ip也可以通过容器名连接，非常方便。

上篇讲到创建自定义网络，我创建了 mynet 网络，并指定了网关和子网地址。在上篇结尾呢，我抛出了一个问题：其它网络下的容器可以直接访问mynet网络下的容器吗？今天就让我们一块看下怎么实现容器互联。

其它网络下的容器加入mynet网络，实现一个容器两个ip地址

网络集群

先创建test-network网络：

docker network create test-network

再运行centos01容器并加入到test-network网络下

docker run -it -p --name centos01 --net test-network centos

centos01容器已经加入在test-network网络下了

centos01加入mynet网络

root@--- ~]# docker network connect mynet centos01

查看mynet网络

docker network ls

[root@--- ~]# docker network ls
network id     name           driver    scope
feafa30d4051   bridge         bridge    local
e8bf4fced9e2   host           host      local
0096a971fd2c   mynet          bridge    local  # 自定义bridge网桥
6263db0933b9   none           null      local
799426d70aa2   test-network   bridge    local

docker network inspect 0096

[root@--- ~]# docker network inspect 0096
[
    {
        "name": "mynet",
        "id": "0096a971fd2c66400e53cbae5e53eceedc2f90d5685917e9534640a3535c0ef1",
        "created": "2021-10-04t10:18:09.113847736+08:00",
        # ... 省略代码展示
        "ipam": {
            "driver": "default",
            "options": {},
            "config": [
                {
                    "subnet": "192.168.0.0/16",
                    "gateway": "192.168.0.1"
                }
            ]
        },
        # ... 省略代码展示
        "containers": {
            "2fac920eebd505794c4a27ef4efdf531d32805e8663bded93a473bd28236bc27": {
                "name": "mynet-centos01",
                "endpointid": "3aff075...",
                "macaddress": "02:42:c0:a8:00:02",
                "ipv4address": "192.168.0.2/16",
                "ipv6address": ""
            },
            "3dceda051252b6970fe2156bac7710ba6489a97aac68c49b1c85a2f130d0556f": {
                "name": "mynet-tomcat01",
                "endpointid": "9f52b19...",
                "macaddress": "02:42:c0:a8:00:03",
                "ipv4address": "192.168.0.3/16",
                "ipv6address": ""
            },
            "cb1922b95b9316d129b54f3545fad9729092926e10a1d5517f8928db42706151": {
                "name": "centos01",
                "endpointid": "0ba2107...",
                "macaddress": "02:42:c0:a8:00:04",
                "ipv4address": "192.168.0.4/16",   # 新加入的centos01容器
                "ipv6address": ""
            }
        },
        "options": {},
        "labels": {}
    }
]

查看centos01的容器信息

可以看到networks下面存在mynet、test-network两个网络连接信息

一个容器两个ip地址

无关代码已省略展示

[root@--- ~]# docker inspect cb19
[
    {
        "id": "cb1922b95b9316d129b54f3545fad9729092926e10a1d5517f8928db42706151",
        "created": "2021-10-03t13:39:00.942877668z",
        "path": "/bin/bash",
        "args": [],
        
        # ... 省略代码展示
        
        "networksettings": {
            # ... 省略代码展示
            "networks": {
                # 网络连接1 ： mynet
                "mynet": {、
                    # ... 省略代码展示
                    "gateway": "192.168.0.1",
                    "ipaddress": "192.168.0.4",
                    "macaddress": "02:42:c0:a8:00:04",
                },
                # 网络连接2 ： test-network
                "test-network": {
                    # ... 省略代码展示
                    "gateway": "172.18.0.1",
                    "ipaddress": "172.18.0.3",
                    "macaddress": "02:42:ac:12:00:03",
                }
            }
        }
    }
]

test-network网卡下的centos01访问mynet网卡下的mynet-centos01、mynet-tomcat01

容器ip和容器名都可以连接

进入centos01容器

[root@--- ~]# docker exec -it cb19 /bin/bash

mynet-tomcat01 容器的ip是: 192.168.0.3

ping mynet-tomcat01 容器的ip

[root@cb1922b95b93 /]# ping 192.168.0.3
ping 192.168.0.3 (192.168.0.3) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 192.168.0.3: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.186 ms
^c
--- 192.168.0.3 ping statistics ---
7 packets transmitted, 7 received, 0% packet loss, time 6000ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.090/0.127/0.186/0.029 ms

直接ping 容器名 mynet-centos01 mynet-tomcat01

[root@cb1922b95b93 /]# ping mynet-centos01
ping mynet-centos01 (192.168.0.2) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from mynet-centos01.mynet (192.168.0.2): icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.105 ms
^c
--- mynet-centos01 ping statistics ---
3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 2001ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.105/0.116/0.130/0.013 ms

[root@cb1922b95b93 /]# ping mynet-tomcat01
ping mynet-tomcat01 (192.168.0.3) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from mynet-tomcat01.mynet (192.168.0.3): icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.085 ms
^c
--- mynet-tomcat01 ping statistics ---
2 packets transmitted, 2 received, 0% packet loss, time 1001ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.085/0.093/0.102/0.012 ms
[root@cb1922b95b93 /]#