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qt的全称是"qt toolkit"，是一个跨平台的c++图形用户界面应用程序开发框架。
qt（发音为"cute"）是一个由qt company开发的跨平台应用程序开发框架，最初由挪威公司trolltech于1991年创建。它主要用于开发图形用户界面（gui）应用程序，但也支持非gui程序的开发，如控制台工具和服务器。
第一个pyqt程序
import sys
from pyqt5.qtwidgets import qapplication, qwidget
if __name__ == '__main__':
app = qapplication(sys.argv)
w = qwidget()
w.setwindowtitle("hello world") # 设置窗口标题
w.show() # 展示窗口
app.exec_() # 程序进行循环等待状态
最常用的三个功能模块
qtcore、qtgui、qtwidgets
控件qpushbutton（按钮）
import sys
from pyqt5.qtwidgets import qapplication, qwidget, qpushbutton
if __name__ == '__main__':
app = qapplication(sys.argv)
w = qwidget()
w.setwindowtitle("hello world") # 设置窗口标题
btn = qpushbutton("按钮") # 在窗口里面添加控件-qpushbutton
btn.setparent(w)
w.show() # 展示窗口
app.exec_() # 程序进行循环等待状态
控件qlable（纯文本）
import sys
from pyqt5.qtwidgets import qapplication, qwidget, qlabel
if __name__ == '__main__':
app = qapplication(sys.argv)
w = qwidget()
w.setwindowtitle("hello world") # 设置窗口标题
# lab = qlabel("账号: ", w) # 简写方式
lab = qlabel("账号: ")
lab.setparent(w)
lab.setgeometry(20, 20, 300, 300)
w.show() # 展示窗口
app.exec_() # 程序进行循环等待状态
控件qlineedit（文本框）
import sys
from pyqt5.qtwidgets import qapplication, qwidget, qlineedit
if __name__ == '__main__':
app = qapplication(sys.argv)
w = qwidget()
w.setwindowtitle("hello world") # 设置窗口标题
edit = qlineedit(w)
edit.setplaceholdertext("请输入账号")
edit.setgeometry(50, 20, 200, 20)
w.show() # 展示窗口
app.exec_() # 程序进行循环等待状态
调整窗口的大小和位置
w=qwidget() w.resize(300, 300) # 设置窗口大小 w.move(0, 0) # 移动窗口 desktop = qdesktopwidget() center_point = desktop.availablegeometry().center() x = center_point.x() y = center_point.y() print(w.framegeometry()) print(w.framegeometry().getrect()) old_x, old_y, fg_w, fg_h = w.framegeometry().getrect()
设置窗口的图标
w = qwidget()
w.setwindowtitle("hello world")
icon = qicon("windows_icon.png")
w.setwindowicon(icon)
布局-qboxlayout
垂直布局-qvboxlayout
import sys
from pyqt5.qtgui import qicon
from pyqt5.qtwidgets import qapplication, qwidget, qpushbutton, qvboxlayout
class mywindow(qwidget):
""""""
def __init__(self):
""""""
super().__init__()
self.setwindowtitle("垂直布局")
self.icon = qicon("windows_icon.png")
self.setwindowicon(self.icon)
self.resize(500, 400)
self.layout = qvboxlayout()
self.button_layout()
self.setlayout(self.layout)
def button_layout(self):
""""""
btn1 = qpushbutton("按钮1")
self.layout.addwidget(btn1)
btn2 = qpushbutton("按钮2")
self.layout.addwidget(btn2)
btn3 = qpushbutton("按钮3")
self.layout.addwidget(btn3)
self.layout.addstretch()
if __name__ == '__main__':
app = qapplication(sys.argv)
w = mywindow()
w.show()
app.exec_()
水平布局-qhboxlayout
""""""
import sys
from pyqt5.qtwidgets import (
qapplication,
qwidget,
qradiobutton,
qvboxlayout,
qhboxlayout,
qgroupbox,
)
class mywindow(qwidget):
""""""
def __init__(self):
""""""
super().__init__()
self.setwindowtitle("hello world")
self.setup()
def setup(self):
""""""
hobby_box = self.generate_hobby_group_box()
gender_box = self.generate_gender_group_box()
container = qvboxlayout()
container.addwidget(hobby_box)
container.addwidget(gender_box)
self.setlayout(container)
@staticmethod
def generate_hobby_group_box():
""""""
hobby_box = qgroupbox("爱好")
hobby_layout = qvboxlayout()
btn1 = qradiobutton("抽烟")
btn2 = qradiobutton("打牌")
hobby_layout.addwidget(btn1)
hobby_layout.addwidget(btn2)
hobby_box.setlayout(hobby_layout)
return hobby_box
@staticmethod
def generate_gender_group_box():
""""""
gender_box = qgroupbox("性别")
gender_layout = qhboxlayout()
btn1 = qradiobutton("男")
btn2 = qradiobutton("女")
gender_layout.addwidget(btn1)
gender_layout.addwidget(btn2)
gender_box.setlayout(gender_layout)
return gender_box
if __name__ == '__main__':
app = qapplication(sys.argv)
w = mywindow()
w.show()
app.exec_()
布局-qgridlayout
import sys
from pyqt5.qtwidgets import (
qapplication,
qwidget,
qlineedit,
qvboxlayout,
qgridlayout,
qpushbutton,
)
class mywindow(qwidget):
""""""
def __init__(self):
""""""
super().__init__()
self.setup()
def setup(self):
""""""
self.setwindowtitle("计算器")
edit = qlineedit()
edit.setplaceholdertext("请输入内容")
edit.setparent(self)
grid_layout = self.generate_grid_layout()
container = qvboxlayout()
container.addwidget(edit)
container.addlayout(grid_layout)
self.setlayout(container)
@staticmethod
def generate_grid_layout():
""""""
data = {
0: ["%", "ce", "c", "<-"],
1: ["7", "8", "9", "/"],
2: ["4", "5", "6", "x"],
3: ["1", "2", "3", "-"],
4: ["0", ".", "=", "+"],
}
grid_layout = qgridlayout()
for row, row_values in data.items():
for col, value in enumerate(row_values):
btn = qpushbutton(value)
grid_layout.addwidget(btn, row, col)
return grid_layout
if __name__ == '__main__':
app = qapplication(sys.argv)
w = mywindow()
w.show()
app.exec_()
布局-qformlayout
import sys
from pyqt5.qtwidgets import (
qapplication,
qwidget,
qvboxlayout,
qformlayout,
qpushbutton,
qlineedit,
qlabel,
)
class mywindow(qwidget):
""""""
def __init__(self):
""""""
super().__init__()
self.setwindowtitle("hello world")
form_layout = qformlayout()
lab1 = qlabel("账号")
edit1 = qlineedit()
edit1.setplaceholdertext("请输入账号")
lab2 = qlabel("密码")
edit2 = qlineedit()
edit2.setplaceholdertext("请输入密码")
form_layout.addrow(lab1, edit1)
form_layout.addrow(lab2, edit2)
btn = qpushbutton("登录")
container = qvboxlayout()
container.addlayout(form_layout)
container.addwidget(btn)
self.setlayout(container)
if __name__ == '__main__':
app = qapplication(sys.argv)
w = mywindow()
w.show()
app.exec_()
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