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Python使用smtplib库开发一个邮件自动发送工具

2025年06月10日 Python 我要评论
代码实现与知识点解析1. 导入必要的库# 导入tkinter模块,用于创建图形界面import tkinter as tk# 导入ttk模块,用于创建标签页控件from tkinter import

代码实现与知识点解析

1. 导入必要的库

# 导入tkinter模块,用于创建图形界面
import tkinter as tk
# 导入ttk模块,用于创建标签页控件
from tkinter import ttk, filedialog, messagebox, scrolledtext
# 导入os模块,用于文件操作
import os
# 导入csv模块,用于读取csv文件
import csv
# 导入datetime模块,用于获取当前日期和时间
from datetime import datetime
# 导入logging模块,用于日志记录
import logging
# 导入sys模块,用于系统操作
import sys

2. 配置邮件服务器参数

smtp(simple mail transfer protocol)是一种简单的邮件传输协议,用于在服务器之间发送电子邮件。在python中,我们可以使用smtplib库来实现smtp客户端功能,与邮件服务器进行通信。这里我选的是qq邮箱作为服务端,其配置如下:

找到pop3/imap/smtp/exchange/carddav/caldav服务,开启服务并获取授权码

将配置内容写在一个config.py文件中

mail_server = 'smtp.qq.com' # 邮件服务器地址
mail_port = 465 # 邮件服务器端口
mail_use_tls = false # 是否使用tls
mail_username = '******@qq.com' # 邮件服务器用户名
mail_password = 'ydevxpkfezjyaddd' # 邮件服务器密码
mail_default_sender = '*******@qq.com' # 邮件服务器默认发件人

注意:授权码不是密码

知识点

  • smtp服务器地址和端口:不同邮箱服务商有不同的服务器地址和端口
  • tls加密:保护邮件传输安全
  • 应用专用密码:许多邮箱服务商(如qq邮箱)要求使用应用专用密码而非登录密码

3. 创建邮件发送类

  • 日志
  • 发送邮件(单个收件人)
  • 发送邮件(批量)
def create_email_sender(self):
    """创建临时配置对象"""
    # 创建一个临时的配置对象
    class tempconfig:
        def __init__(self, app):
            self.mail_server = app.server_var.get()
            self.mail_port = app.port_var.get()
            self.mail_use_tls = app.use_tls_var.get()
            self.mail_username = app.username_var.get()
            self.mail_password = app.password_var.get()
            self.mail_default_sender = app.sender_var.get()


    class customemailsender():
        def __init__(self, config):
            self.server = config.mail_server
            self.port = config.mail_port
            self.use_tls = config.mail_use_tls
            self.username = config.mail_username
            self.password = config.mail_password
            self.default_sender = config.mail_default_sender

            # 设置日志
            self._setup_logging()
        def _setup_logging(self):
            """设置日志记录"""
            log_dir = "logs"
            # 如果日志目录不存在,则创建日志目录
            if not os.path.exists(log_dir):
                os.makedirs(log_dir)
            # 创建日志文件
            log_file = os.path.join(log_dir, f"email_sender_{datetime.now().strftime('%y%m%d')}.log")
            # 配置日志记录
            logging.basicconfig(
                # 设置日志级别
                level=logging.info,
                # 设置日志格式
                format='%(asctime)s - %(name)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s',
                # 设置日志处理器
                handlers=[
                    # 设置日志文件处理器
                    logging.filehandler(log_file),
                    # 设置日志控制台处理器
                    logging.streamhandler(sys.stdout)
                ]
            )
            # 获取日志记录器
            self.logger = logging.getlogger("emailsender")  
        def send_email(self, to_addrs, subject, body, attachments=none, cc=none, bcc=none, html=false):
            """发送邮件(单个收件人)"""
            import smtplib
            from email.mime.text import mimetext
            from email.mime.multipart import mimemultipart
            from email.mime.application import mimeapplication

            # 转换地址格式
            if isinstance(to_addrs, str):
                to_addrs = [to_addrs]
            # 如果抄送地址为字符串,则转换为列表
            if isinstance(cc, str):
                cc = [cc]
            # 如果抄送地址为none,则设置为空列表
            elif cc is none:
                cc = []        
            if isinstance(bcc, str):
                bcc = [bcc]
            elif bcc is none:
                bcc = []

            # 创建邮件对象
            msg = mimemultipart()
            msg['from'] = self.default_sender
            msg['to'] = ', '.join(to_addrs)
            msg['subject'] = subject

            if cc:
                msg['cc'] = ', '.join(cc)

            # 添加邮件正文
            if html:
                msg.attach(mimetext(body, 'html', 'utf-8'))
            else:
                msg.attach(mimetext(body, 'plain', 'utf-8'))

            # 添加附件
            if attachments:
                for file_path in attachments:
                    if os.path.isfile(file_path):
                        with open(file_path, 'rb') as f:
                            attachment = mimeapplication(f.read())
                            attachment.add_header(
                                'content-disposition', 
                                'attachment', 
                                filename=os.path.basename(file_path)
                            )
                            msg.attach(attachment)
                    else:
                        self.logger.warning(f"附件不存在: {file_path}")

            # 所有收件人列表(包括抄送和密送)
            all_recipients = to_addrs + cc + bcc

            try:
                # 连接到smtp服务器 - 修复连接问题
                if self.port == 465:
                    # 使用ssl
                    server = smtplib.smtp_ssl(self.server, self.port, timeout=30)
                else:
                    # 普通连接
                    server = smtplib.smtp(self.server, self.port, timeout=30)

                    # 如果使用tls
                    if self.use_tls:
                        server.starttls()

                # 登录
                server.login(self.username, self.password)

                # 发送邮件
                server.sendmail(self.default_sender, all_recipients, msg.as_string())

                # 关闭连接
                server.quit()

                self.logger.info(f"邮件已成功发送给: {', '.join(to_addrs)}")
                return true

            except exception as e:
                self.logger.error(f"发送邮件失败: {str(e)}")
                return false

        def send_bulk_emails(self, recipients_data, subject_template, body_template, attachments=none, html=false):
            """批量发送邮件"""
            # 成功发送的邮件数量
            success_count = 0
            # 遍历收件人数据
            for recipient_data in recipients_data:
                # 获取收件人邮箱地址
                to_addr = recipient_data.get('email')
                # 如果收件人邮箱地址为空,则跳过此条记录
                if not to_addr:
                    self.logger.warning("缺少收件人邮箱地址,跳过此条记录")
                    continue

                # 替换模板变量
                subject = subject_template
                body = body_template
                # 遍历收件人数据
                for key, value in recipient_data.items():
                    # 如果key不是邮箱地址,则替换模板变量
                    if key != 'email':
                        placeholder = f"{{{key}}}"
                        subject = subject.replace(placeholder, str(value))
                        body = body.replace(placeholder, str(value))

                # 发送邮件
                if self.send_email(to_addr, subject, body, attachments=attachments, html=html):
                    success_count += 1

            # 返回成功发送的邮件数量
            return success_count

    # 创建并返回自定义customemailsender实例
    config = tempconfig(self)
    return customemailsender(config)

4. 实现邮件发送功能

简单邮件发送

def send_simple_email(self):
    """发送简单邮件"""
    try:
        # 使用当前配置创建emailsender实例
        sender = self.create_email_sender()
        # 获取收件人
        to_addr = self.simple_to_var.get()
        # 获取主题
        subject = self.simple_subject_var.get()
        # 获取正文
        body = self.simple_body_text.get(1.0, tk.end)
        # 如果收件人、主题和正文为空,则提示错误
        if not to_addr or not subject or not body.strip():
            messagebox.showerror("错误", "收件人、主题和正文不能为空")
            return

        self.status_var.set("正在发送邮件...")
        self.update_idletasks()

        if sender.send_email(to_addr, subject, body):
            messagebox.showinfo("成功", "邮件发送成功!")
            self.status_var.set("邮件发送成功")
        else:
            messagebox.showerror("错误", "邮件发送失败,请查看日志获取详细信息。")
            self.status_var.set("邮件发送失败")
    except exception as e:
        messagebox.showerror("错误", f"发送邮件时出错: {str(e)}")
        self.status_var.set(f"发送邮件时出错: {str(e)}")

html邮件

def send_html_email(self):
    """发送html邮件"""
    try:
        # 使用当前配置创建emailsender实例
        sender = self.create_email_sender()

        to_addr = self.html_to_var.get()
        subject = self.html_subject_var.get()
        body = self.html_body_text.get(1.0, tk.end)

        if not to_addr or not subject or not body.strip():
            messagebox.showerror("错误", "收件人、主题和正文不能为空")
            return

        self.status_var.set("正在发送html邮件...")
        self.update_idletasks()

        if sender.send_email(to_addr, subject, body, html=true):
            messagebox.showinfo("成功", "html邮件发送成功!")
            self.status_var.set("html邮件发送成功")
        else:
            messagebox.showerror("错误", "邮件发送失败,请查看日志获取详细信息。")
            self.status_var.set("邮件发送失败")
    except exception as e:
        messagebox.showerror("错误", f"发送邮件时出错: {str(e)}")
        self.status_var.set(f"发送邮件时出错: {str(e)}")

带附件的邮件

1.删除附件和发送附件

def add_attachment(self):
    """添加附件"""
    files = filedialog.askopenfilenames(title="选择附件")
    for file in files:
        self.attach_files_listbox.insert(tk.end, file)

def remove_attachment(self):
    """删除选中的附件"""
    selected = self.attach_files_listbox.curselection()
    if selected:
        for index in reversed(selected):
            self.attach_files_listbox.delete(index)

2.发送

def send_attachment_email(self):
    """发送带附件的邮件"""
    try:
        # 使用当前配置创建emailsender实例
        sender = self.create_email_sender()

        to_addr = self.attach_to_var.get()
        subject = self.attach_subject_var.get()
        body = self.attach_body_text.get(1.0, tk.end)

        if not to_addr or not subject or not body.strip():
            messagebox.showerror("错误", "收件人、主题和正文不能为空")
            return

        attachments = list(self.attach_files_listbox.get(0, tk.end))

        self.status_var.set("正在发送带附件的邮件...")
        self.update_idletasks()

        if sender.send_email(to_addr, subject, body, attachments=attachments):
            messagebox.showinfo("成功", "带附件的邮件发送成功!")
            self.status_var.set("带附件的邮件发送成功")
        else:
            messagebox.showerror("错误", "邮件发送失败,请查看日志获取详细信息。")
            self.status_var.set("邮件发送失败")
    except exception as e:
        messagebox.showerror("错误", f"发送邮件时出错: {str(e)}")
        self.status_var.set(f"发送邮件时出错: {str(e)}")

批量发送

1.添加csv文件

def browse_csv(self):
    """浏览csv文件"""
    file = filedialog.askopenfilename(title="选择csv文件", filetypes=[("csv文件", "*.csv")])
    if file:
        self.bulk_csv_var.set(file)

2.发送

def send_bulk_emails(self):
    """批量发送邮件"""
    try:
        # 使用当前配置创建emailsender实例
        sender = self.create_email_sender()
        # 获取批量发送邮件的配置
        csv_file = self.bulk_csv_var.get()
        # 获取主题模板
        subject_template = self.bulk_subject_var.get()
        # 获取正文模板
        body_template = self.bulk_body_text.get(1.0, tk.end)
        # 获取是否为html格式
        html = self.bulk_html_var.get()
        # 如果csv文件、主题模板和正文模板为空,则提示错误
        if not csv_file or not subject_template or not body_template.strip():
            messagebox.showerror("错误", "csv文件、主题模板和正文模板不能为空")
            return
        # 如果csv文件不存在,则提示错误
        if not os.path.isfile(csv_file):
            messagebox.showerror("错误", f"文件不存在: {csv_file}")
            return

        # 读取csv文件
        recipients = []
        with open(csv_file, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as f:
            reader = csv.dictreader(f)
            for row in reader:
                recipients.append(row)
        # 如果csv文件为空或格式不正确,则提示错误
        if not recipients:
            messagebox.showerror("错误", "csv文件为空或格式不正确。")
            return
        # 如果csv文件为空或格式不正确,则提示错误
        self.status_var.set("正在批量发送邮件...")
        self.update_idletasks()

        # 批量发送邮件
        success_count = sender.send_bulk_emails(recipients, subject_template, body_template, html=html)

        messagebox.showinfo("成功", f"批量发送完成,成功发送 {success_count}/{len(recipients)} 封邮件。")
        self.status_var.set(f"批量发送完成,成功: {success_count}/{len(recipients)}")

    except exception as e:
        messagebox.showerror("错误", f"批量发送邮件时出错: {str(e)}")
        self.status_var.set(f"批量发送邮件时出错: {str(e)}")

配置

1.加载配置

def load_config(self):
    """加载配置"""
    try:
        # 从config.py文件中导入配置
        from config import (
            mail_server, mail_port, mail_use_tls,
            mail_username, mail_password, mail_default_sender
        )
        # 将配置数据转换为字典
        config_data = {
            'server': mail_server,
            'port': mail_port,
            'use_tls': mail_use_tls,
            'username': mail_username,
            'password': mail_password,
            'default_sender': mail_default_sender
        }
        # 返回配置数据(字典格式)
        return config_data
    except importerror:
        # 如果无法加载配置文件,则返回默认配置
        messagebox.showerror("错误", "无法加载配置文件,请检查config.py是否存在")
        return {
            'server': 'smtp.qq.com',
            'port': 465,
            'use_tls': false,
            'username': '2949666522@qq.com',
            'password': 'ydevxpkfezjydddd',
            'default_sender': '2949666522@qq.com'
        }

2.保存配置

def save_config(self):
    """修改配置文件,保存配置到config.py文件"""
    try:
        # 打开config.py文件,准备写入配置信息
        with open('config.py', 'w', encoding='utf-8') as f:
            # 写入配置信息
            f.write(f"# 邮件服务器配置\n")
            f.write(f"mail_server = '{self.server_var.get()}'\n")
            f.write(f"mail_port = {self.port_var.get()}\n")
            f.write(f"mail_use_tls = {self.use_tls_var.get()}\n")
            f.write(f"mail_username = '{self.username_var.get()}'\n")
            f.write(f"mail_password = '{self.password_var.get()}'  # 注意:这是应用专用密码,不是登录密码\n")
            f.write(f"mail_default_sender = '{self.sender_var.get()}'\n")

        messagebox.showinfo("成功", "配置已保存")
        self.status_var.set("配置已保存")
    except exception as e:
        messagebox.showerror("错误", f"保存配置失败: {str(e)}")
        self.status_var.set(f"保存配置失败: {str(e)}")

3.测试smtp连接

def test_connection(self):
    """测试smtp连接"""
    try:
        import smtplib
        import socket

        self.status_var.set("正在测试smtp连接...")
        self.update_idletasks()

        server = self.server_var.get()
        port = self.port_var.get()
        use_tls = self.use_tls_var.get()
        username = self.username_var.get()
        password = self.password_var.get()

        # 设置超时时间
        socket.setdefaulttimeout(10)

        # 连接到smtp服务器
        if port == 465:
            # 使用ssl
            smtp = smtplib.smtp_ssl(server, port, timeout=10)
        else:
            # 普通连接
            smtp = smtplib.smtp(server, port, timeout=10)

            # 如果使用tls
            if use_tls:
                smtp.starttls()

        # 登录
        smtp.login(username, password)

        # 关闭连接
        smtp.quit()

        messagebox.showinfo("成功", "smtp连接测试成功!")
        self.status_var.set("smtp连接测试成功")
    except socket.timeout:
        messagebox.showerror("错误", "连接超时,请检查服务器地址和端口")
        self.status_var.set("smtp连接超时")
    except smtplib.smtpauthenticationerror:
        messagebox.showerror("错误", "认证失败,请检查用户名和密码")
        self.status_var.set("smtp认证失败")
    except exception as e:
        messagebox.showerror("错误", f"连接测试失败: {str(e)}")
        self.status_var.set(f"连接测试失败: {str(e)}")

知识点

  • 邮件对象构建:使用mimemultipart创建包含多部分内容的邮件
  • 文件操作:读取附件文件并添加到邮件中
  • 异常处理:捕获并记录邮件发送过程中的错误
  • 上下文管理器:使用with语句自动关闭smtp连接

5. 实现视图

def create_simple_email_tab(self):
    """创建简单邮件标签页"""
    tab = ttk.frame(self.notebook)
    self.notebook.add(tab, text="简单邮件")

    # 收件人,
    ttk.label(tab, text="收件人:").grid(row=0, column=0, sticky=tk.w, padx=5, pady=5)
    self.simple_to_var = tk.stringvar()
    # 收件人输入框
    ttk.entry(tab, textvariable=self.simple_to_var, width=50).grid(row=0, column=1, sticky=tk.w+tk.e, padx=5, pady=5)

    # 主题
    ttk.label(tab, text="主题:").grid(row=1, column=0, sticky=tk.w, padx=5, pady=5)
    self.simple_subject_var = tk.stringvar()
    ttk.entry(tab, textvariable=self.simple_subject_var, width=50).grid(row=1, column=1, sticky=tk.w+tk.e, padx=5, pady=5)

    # 正文
    ttk.label(tab, text="正文:").grid(row=2, column=0, sticky=tk.nw, padx=5, pady=5)
    self.simple_body_text = scrolledtext.scrolledtext(tab, width=50, height=15)
    self.simple_body_text.grid(row=2, column=1, sticky=tk.w+tk.e+tk.n+tk.s, padx=5, pady=5)

    # 发送按钮
    ttk.button(tab, text="发送", command=self.send_simple_email).grid(row=3, column=1, sticky=tk.e, padx=5, pady=10)

    # 设置权重
    tab.columnconfigure(1, weight=1)
    tab.rowconfigure(2, weight=1)

def create_html_email_tab(self):
    """创建html邮件标签页"""
    tab = ttk.frame(self.notebook)
    self.notebook.add(tab, text="html邮件")

    # 收件人
    ttk.label(tab, text="收件人:").grid(row=0, column=0, sticky=tk.w, padx=5, pady=5)
    self.html_to_var = tk.stringvar()
    ttk.entry(tab, textvariable=self.html_to_var, width=50).grid(row=0, column=1, sticky=tk.w+tk.e, padx=5, pady=5)

    # 主题
    ttk.label(tab, text="主题:").grid(row=1, column=0, sticky=tk.w, padx=5, pady=5)
    self.html_subject_var = tk.stringvar()
    ttk.entry(tab, textvariable=self.html_subject_var, width=50).grid(row=1, column=1, sticky=tk.w+tk.e, padx=5, pady=5)

    # html正文
    ttk.label(tab, text="html正文:").grid(row=2, column=0, sticky=tk.nw, padx=5, pady=5)
    self.html_body_text = scrolledtext.scrolledtext(tab, width=50, height=15)
    self.html_body_text.grid(row=2, column=1, sticky=tk.w+tk.e+tk.n+tk.s, padx=5, pady=5)

    # 发送按钮
    ttk.button(tab, text="发送", command=self.send_html_email).grid(row=3, column=1, sticky=tk.e, padx=5, pady=10)

    # 设置权重
    tab.columnconfigure(1, weight=1)
    tab.rowconfigure(2, weight=1)

def create_attachment_email_tab(self):
    """创建带附件邮件标签页"""
    tab = ttk.frame(self.notebook)
    self.notebook.add(tab, text="带附件邮件")

    # 收件人
    ttk.label(tab, text="收件人:").grid(row=0, column=0, sticky=tk.w, padx=5, pady=5)
    self.attach_to_var = tk.stringvar()
    ttk.entry(tab, textvariable=self.attach_to_var, width=50).grid(row=0, column=1, columnspan=2, sticky=tk.w+tk.e, padx=5, pady=5)

    # 主题
    ttk.label(tab, text="主题:").grid(row=1, column=0, sticky=tk.w, padx=5, pady=5)
    self.attach_subject_var = tk.stringvar()
    ttk.entry(tab, textvariable=self.attach_subject_var, width=50).grid(row=1, column=1, columnspan=2, sticky=tk.w+tk.e, padx=5, pady=5)

    # 正文
    ttk.label(tab, text="正文:").grid(row=2, column=0, sticky=tk.nw, padx=5, pady=5)
    self.attach_body_text = scrolledtext.scrolledtext(tab, width=50, height=10)
    self.attach_body_text.grid(row=2, column=1, columnspan=2, sticky=tk.w+tk.e+tk.n+tk.s, padx=5, pady=5)

    # 附件列表
    ttk.label(tab, text="附件:").grid(row=3, column=0, sticky=tk.nw, padx=5, pady=5)
    self.attach_files_listbox = tk.listbox(tab, width=50, height=5)
    self.attach_files_listbox.grid(row=3, column=1, sticky=tk.w+tk.e+tk.n+tk.s, padx=5, pady=5)

    # 附件按钮
    attach_buttons_frame = ttk.frame(tab)
    attach_buttons_frame.grid(row=3, column=2, sticky=tk.n, padx=5, pady=5)

    ttk.button(attach_buttons_frame, text="添加", command=self.add_attachment).pack(fill=tk.x, pady=2)
    ttk.button(attach_buttons_frame, text="删除", command=self.remove_attachment).pack(fill=tk.x, pady=2)

    # 发送按钮
    ttk.button(tab, text="发送", command=self.send_attachment_email).grid(row=4, column=2, sticky=tk.e, padx=5, pady=10)

    # 设置权重
    tab.columnconfigure(1, weight=1)
    tab.rowconfigure(2, weight=1)
    tab.rowconfigure(3, weight=1)

def create_bulk_email_tab(self):
    """创建批量发送邮件标签页"""
    tab = ttk.frame(self.notebook)
    self.notebook.add(tab, text="批量发送")

    # csv文件
    ttk.label(tab, text="csv文件:").grid(row=0, column=0, sticky=tk.w, padx=5, pady=5)
    self.bulk_csv_var = tk.stringvar()
    ttk.entry(tab, textvariable=self.bulk_csv_var, width=50).grid(row=0, column=1, sticky=tk.w+tk.e, padx=5, pady=5)
    ttk.button(tab, text="浏览...", command=self.browse_csv).grid(row=0, column=2, padx=5, pady=5)

    # 主题模板
    ttk.label(tab, text="主题模板:").grid(row=1, column=0, sticky=tk.w, padx=5, pady=5)
    self.bulk_subject_var = tk.stringvar()
    ttk.entry(tab, textvariable=self.bulk_subject_var, width=50).grid(row=1, column=1, columnspan=2, sticky=tk.w+tk.e, padx=5, pady=5)

    # 正文模板
    ttk.label(tab, text="正文模板:").grid(row=2, column=0, sticky=tk.nw, padx=5, pady=5)
    self.bulk_body_text = scrolledtext.scrolledtext(tab, width=50, height=15)
    self.bulk_body_text.grid(row=2, column=1, columnspan=2, sticky=tk.w+tk.e+tk.n+tk.s, padx=5, pady=5)

    # html格式
    self.bulk_html_var = tk.booleanvar()
    ttk.checkbutton(tab, text="html格式", variable=self.bulk_html_var).grid(row=3, column=1, sticky=tk.w, padx=5, pady=5)

    # 发送按钮
    ttk.button(tab, text="发送", command=self.send_bulk_emails).grid(row=3, column=2, sticky=tk.e, padx=5, pady=10)

    # 设置权重
    tab.columnconfigure(1, weight=1)
    tab.rowconfigure(2, weight=1)

def create_config_tab(self):
    """创建配置标签页"""
    tab = ttk.frame(self.notebook)
    self.notebook.add(tab, text="配置")

    # 服务器
    ttk.label(tab, text="smtp服务器:").grid(row=0, column=0, sticky=tk.w, padx=5, pady=5)
    self.server_var = tk.stringvar(value=self.mail_config['server'])
    ttk.entry(tab, textvariable=self.server_var, width=30).grid(row=0, column=1, sticky=tk.w+tk.e, padx=5, pady=5)

    # 端口
    ttk.label(tab, text="端口:").grid(row=1, column=0, sticky=tk.w, padx=5, pady=5)
    self.port_var = tk.intvar(value=self.mail_config['port'])
    ttk.entry(tab, textvariable=self.port_var, width=10).grid(row=1, column=1, sticky=tk.w, padx=5, pady=5)

    # 使用tls
    self.use_tls_var = tk.booleanvar(value=self.mail_config['use_tls'])
    ttk.checkbutton(tab, text="使用tls", variable=self.use_tls_var).grid(row=2, column=1, sticky=tk.w, padx=5, pady=5)

    # 用户名
    ttk.label(tab, text="用户名:").grid(row=3, column=0, sticky=tk.w, padx=5, pady=5)
    self.username_var = tk.stringvar(value=self.mail_config['username'])
    ttk.entry(tab, textvariable=self.username_var, width=30).grid(row=3, column=1, sticky=tk.w+tk.e, padx=5, pady=5)

    # 密码
    ttk.label(tab, text="授权密码:").grid(row=4, column=0, sticky=tk.w, padx=5, pady=5)
    self.password_var = tk.stringvar(value=self.mail_config['password'])
    ttk.entry(tab, textvariable=self.password_var, width=30, show="*").grid(row=4, column=1, sticky=tk.w+tk.e, padx=5, pady=5)

    # 默认发件人
    ttk.label(tab, text="默认发件人:").grid(row=5, column=0, sticky=tk.w, padx=5, pady=5)
    self.sender_var = tk.stringvar(value=self.mail_config['default_sender'])
    ttk.entry(tab, textvariable=self.sender_var, width=30).grid(row=5, column=1, sticky=tk.w+tk.e, padx=5, pady=5)

    # 按钮框架
    button_frame = ttk.frame(tab)
    button_frame.grid(row=6, column=1, sticky=tk.e, padx=5, pady=10)

    # 测试连接按钮
    ttk.button(button_frame, text="测试连接", command=self.test_connection).pack(side=tk.left, padx=5)

    # 保存按钮
    ttk.button(button_frame, text="保存配置", command=self.save_config).pack(side=tk.left)

    # 设置权重
    tab.columnconfigure(1, weight=1)

常用布局参数解释

创建参数:

  • tab: 父容器(与标签相同)
  • textvariable=self.simple_to_var: 绑定到前面创建的字符串变量
  • width=50: 输入框宽度为50个字符单位

布局参数 (.grid):

  • row=0: 放在网格的第0行
  • column=0: 放在网格的第0列
  • sticky=tk.w: 标签在网格单元格内靠左对齐(西侧)
  • padx=5: 水平方向(左右)各5像素的外边距
  • pady=5: 垂直方向(上下)各5像素的外边距

6.总代码

#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

"""
python邮件自动发送工具 - 图形界面版
功能:使用tkinter实现邮件发送图形界面,支持文本邮件、html邮件、带附件邮件和批量发送
"""
# 导入tkinter模块,用于创建图形界面
import tkinter as tk
# 导入ttk模块,用于创建标签页控件
from tkinter import ttk, filedialog, messagebox, scrolledtext
# 导入os模块,用于文件操作
import os
# 导入csv模块,用于读取csv文件
import csv
# 导入datetime模块,用于获取当前日期和时间
from datetime import datetime
# 导入logging模块,用于日志记录
import logging
# 导入sys模块,用于系统操作
import sys

class emailsenderapp(tk.tk):
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()
        # 设置窗口标题
        self.title("python邮件自动发送工具")
        # 设置窗口大小
        self.geometry("800x600")
        # 设置窗口是否可调整大小
        self.resizable(true, true)
        # 加载配置
        self.mail_config = self.load_config()
        # 创建标签页控件
        self.notebook = ttk.notebook(self)
        self.notebook.pack(fill=tk.both, expand=true, padx=10, pady=10)
        
        # 创建各个标签页
        self.create_simple_email_tab()
        self.create_html_email_tab()
        self.create_attachment_email_tab()
        self.create_bulk_email_tab()
        self.create_config_tab()
        
        # 状态栏
        self.status_var = tk.stringvar()
        # 设置状态栏初始状态
        self.status_var.set("就绪")
        # 创建状态栏
        self.status_bar = ttk.label(self, textvariable=self.status_var, relief=tk.sunken, anchor=tk.w)
        # 将状态栏放置在底部
        self.status_bar.pack(side=tk.bottom, fill=tk.x)
        
    def load_config(self):
        """加载配置"""
        try:
            # 从config.py文件中导入配置
            from config import (
                mail_server, mail_port, mail_use_tls,
                mail_username, mail_password, mail_default_sender
            )
            # 将配置数据转换为字典
            config_data = {
                'server': mail_server,
                'port': mail_port,
                'use_tls': mail_use_tls,
                'username': mail_username,
                'password': mail_password,
                'default_sender': mail_default_sender
            }
            # 返回配置数据(字典格式)
            return config_data
        except importerror:
            # 如果无法加载配置文件,则返回默认配置
            messagebox.showerror("错误", "无法加载配置文件,请检查config.py是否存在")
            return {
                'server': 'smtp.qq.com',
                'port': 465,
                'use_tls': false,
                'username': '2949666522@qq.com',
                'password': 'ydevxpkfezjydddd',
                'default_sender': '2949666522@qq.com'
            }
    
    def save_config(self):
        """修改配置文件,保存配置到config.py文件"""
        try:
            # 打开config.py文件,准备写入配置信息
            with open('config.py', 'w', encoding='utf-8') as f:
                # 写入配置信息
                f.write(f"# 邮件服务器配置\n")
                f.write(f"mail_server = '{self.server_var.get()}'\n")
                f.write(f"mail_port = {self.port_var.get()}\n")
                f.write(f"mail_use_tls = {self.use_tls_var.get()}\n")
                f.write(f"mail_username = '{self.username_var.get()}'\n")
                f.write(f"mail_password = '{self.password_var.get()}'  # 注意:这是应用专用密码,不是登录密码\n")
                f.write(f"mail_default_sender = '{self.sender_var.get()}'\n")
            
            messagebox.showinfo("成功", "配置已保存")
            self.status_var.set("配置已保存")
        except exception as e:
            messagebox.showerror("错误", f"保存配置失败: {str(e)}")
            self.status_var.set(f"保存配置失败: {str(e)}")
    
    def create_simple_email_tab(self):
        """创建简单邮件标签页"""
        tab = ttk.frame(self.notebook)
        self.notebook.add(tab, text="简单邮件")
        
        # 收件人,
        ttk.label(tab, text="收件人:").grid(row=0, column=0, sticky=tk.w, padx=5, pady=5)
        self.simple_to_var = tk.stringvar()
        # 收件人输入框
        ttk.entry(tab, textvariable=self.simple_to_var, width=50).grid(row=0, column=1, sticky=tk.w+tk.e, padx=5, pady=5)
        
        # 主题
        ttk.label(tab, text="主题:").grid(row=1, column=0, sticky=tk.w, padx=5, pady=5)
        self.simple_subject_var = tk.stringvar()
        ttk.entry(tab, textvariable=self.simple_subject_var, width=50).grid(row=1, column=1, sticky=tk.w+tk.e, padx=5, pady=5)
        
        # 正文
        ttk.label(tab, text="正文:").grid(row=2, column=0, sticky=tk.nw, padx=5, pady=5)
        self.simple_body_text = scrolledtext.scrolledtext(tab, width=50, height=15)
        self.simple_body_text.grid(row=2, column=1, sticky=tk.w+tk.e+tk.n+tk.s, padx=5, pady=5)
        
        # 发送按钮
        ttk.button(tab, text="发送", command=self.send_simple_email).grid(row=3, column=1, sticky=tk.e, padx=5, pady=10)
        
        # 设置权重
        tab.columnconfigure(1, weight=1)
        tab.rowconfigure(2, weight=1)
    
    def create_html_email_tab(self):
        """创建html邮件标签页"""
        tab = ttk.frame(self.notebook)
        self.notebook.add(tab, text="html邮件")
        
        # 收件人
        ttk.label(tab, text="收件人:").grid(row=0, column=0, sticky=tk.w, padx=5, pady=5)
        self.html_to_var = tk.stringvar()
        ttk.entry(tab, textvariable=self.html_to_var, width=50).grid(row=0, column=1, sticky=tk.w+tk.e, padx=5, pady=5)
        
        # 主题
        ttk.label(tab, text="主题:").grid(row=1, column=0, sticky=tk.w, padx=5, pady=5)
        self.html_subject_var = tk.stringvar()
        ttk.entry(tab, textvariable=self.html_subject_var, width=50).grid(row=1, column=1, sticky=tk.w+tk.e, padx=5, pady=5)
        
        # html正文
        ttk.label(tab, text="html正文:").grid(row=2, column=0, sticky=tk.nw, padx=5, pady=5)
        self.html_body_text = scrolledtext.scrolledtext(tab, width=50, height=15)
        self.html_body_text.grid(row=2, column=1, sticky=tk.w+tk.e+tk.n+tk.s, padx=5, pady=5)
        
        # 发送按钮
        ttk.button(tab, text="发送", command=self.send_html_email).grid(row=3, column=1, sticky=tk.e, padx=5, pady=10)
        
        # 设置权重
        tab.columnconfigure(1, weight=1)
        tab.rowconfigure(2, weight=1)
    
    def create_attachment_email_tab(self):
        """创建带附件邮件标签页"""
        tab = ttk.frame(self.notebook)
        self.notebook.add(tab, text="带附件邮件")
        
        # 收件人
        ttk.label(tab, text="收件人:").grid(row=0, column=0, sticky=tk.w, padx=5, pady=5)
        self.attach_to_var = tk.stringvar()
        ttk.entry(tab, textvariable=self.attach_to_var, width=50).grid(row=0, column=1, columnspan=2, sticky=tk.w+tk.e, padx=5, pady=5)
        
        # 主题
        ttk.label(tab, text="主题:").grid(row=1, column=0, sticky=tk.w, padx=5, pady=5)
        self.attach_subject_var = tk.stringvar()
        ttk.entry(tab, textvariable=self.attach_subject_var, width=50).grid(row=1, column=1, columnspan=2, sticky=tk.w+tk.e, padx=5, pady=5)
        
        # 正文
        ttk.label(tab, text="正文:").grid(row=2, column=0, sticky=tk.nw, padx=5, pady=5)
        self.attach_body_text = scrolledtext.scrolledtext(tab, width=50, height=10)
        self.attach_body_text.grid(row=2, column=1, columnspan=2, sticky=tk.w+tk.e+tk.n+tk.s, padx=5, pady=5)
        
        # 附件列表
        ttk.label(tab, text="附件:").grid(row=3, column=0, sticky=tk.nw, padx=5, pady=5)
        self.attach_files_listbox = tk.listbox(tab, width=50, height=5)
        self.attach_files_listbox.grid(row=3, column=1, sticky=tk.w+tk.e+tk.n+tk.s, padx=5, pady=5)
        
        # 附件按钮
        attach_buttons_frame = ttk.frame(tab)
        attach_buttons_frame.grid(row=3, column=2, sticky=tk.n, padx=5, pady=5)
        
        ttk.button(attach_buttons_frame, text="添加", command=self.add_attachment).pack(fill=tk.x, pady=2)
        ttk.button(attach_buttons_frame, text="删除", command=self.remove_attachment).pack(fill=tk.x, pady=2)
        
        # 发送按钮
        ttk.button(tab, text="发送", command=self.send_attachment_email).grid(row=4, column=2, sticky=tk.e, padx=5, pady=10)
        
        # 设置权重
        tab.columnconfigure(1, weight=1)
        tab.rowconfigure(2, weight=1)
        tab.rowconfigure(3, weight=1)
    
    def create_bulk_email_tab(self):
        """创建批量发送邮件标签页"""
        tab = ttk.frame(self.notebook)
        self.notebook.add(tab, text="批量发送")
        
        # csv文件
        ttk.label(tab, text="csv文件:").grid(row=0, column=0, sticky=tk.w, padx=5, pady=5)
        self.bulk_csv_var = tk.stringvar()
        ttk.entry(tab, textvariable=self.bulk_csv_var, width=50).grid(row=0, column=1, sticky=tk.w+tk.e, padx=5, pady=5)
        ttk.button(tab, text="浏览...", command=self.browse_csv).grid(row=0, column=2, padx=5, pady=5)
        
        # 主题模板
        ttk.label(tab, text="主题模板:").grid(row=1, column=0, sticky=tk.w, padx=5, pady=5)
        self.bulk_subject_var = tk.stringvar()
        ttk.entry(tab, textvariable=self.bulk_subject_var, width=50).grid(row=1, column=1, columnspan=2, sticky=tk.w+tk.e, padx=5, pady=5)
        
        # 正文模板
        ttk.label(tab, text="正文模板:").grid(row=2, column=0, sticky=tk.nw, padx=5, pady=5)
        self.bulk_body_text = scrolledtext.scrolledtext(tab, width=50, height=15)
        self.bulk_body_text.grid(row=2, column=1, columnspan=2, sticky=tk.w+tk.e+tk.n+tk.s, padx=5, pady=5)
        
        # html格式
        self.bulk_html_var = tk.booleanvar()
        ttk.checkbutton(tab, text="html格式", variable=self.bulk_html_var).grid(row=3, column=1, sticky=tk.w, padx=5, pady=5)
        
        # 发送按钮
        ttk.button(tab, text="发送", command=self.send_bulk_emails).grid(row=3, column=2, sticky=tk.e, padx=5, pady=10)
        
        # 设置权重
        tab.columnconfigure(1, weight=1)
        tab.rowconfigure(2, weight=1)
    
    def create_config_tab(self):
        """创建配置标签页"""
        tab = ttk.frame(self.notebook)
        self.notebook.add(tab, text="配置")
        
        # 服务器
        ttk.label(tab, text="smtp服务器:").grid(row=0, column=0, sticky=tk.w, padx=5, pady=5)
        self.server_var = tk.stringvar(value=self.mail_config['server'])
        ttk.entry(tab, textvariable=self.server_var, width=30).grid(row=0, column=1, sticky=tk.w+tk.e, padx=5, pady=5)
        
        # 端口
        ttk.label(tab, text="端口:").grid(row=1, column=0, sticky=tk.w, padx=5, pady=5)
        self.port_var = tk.intvar(value=self.mail_config['port'])
        ttk.entry(tab, textvariable=self.port_var, width=10).grid(row=1, column=1, sticky=tk.w, padx=5, pady=5)
        
        # 使用tls
        self.use_tls_var = tk.booleanvar(value=self.mail_config['use_tls'])
        ttk.checkbutton(tab, text="使用tls", variable=self.use_tls_var).grid(row=2, column=1, sticky=tk.w, padx=5, pady=5)
        
        # 用户名
        ttk.label(tab, text="用户名:").grid(row=3, column=0, sticky=tk.w, padx=5, pady=5)
        self.username_var = tk.stringvar(value=self.mail_config['username'])
        ttk.entry(tab, textvariable=self.username_var, width=30).grid(row=3, column=1, sticky=tk.w+tk.e, padx=5, pady=5)
        
        # 密码
        ttk.label(tab, text="授权密码:").grid(row=4, column=0, sticky=tk.w, padx=5, pady=5)
        self.password_var = tk.stringvar(value=self.mail_config['password'])
        ttk.entry(tab, textvariable=self.password_var, width=30, show="*").grid(row=4, column=1, sticky=tk.w+tk.e, padx=5, pady=5)
        
        # 默认发件人
        ttk.label(tab, text="默认发件人:").grid(row=5, column=0, sticky=tk.w, padx=5, pady=5)
        self.sender_var = tk.stringvar(value=self.mail_config['default_sender'])
        ttk.entry(tab, textvariable=self.sender_var, width=30).grid(row=5, column=1, sticky=tk.w+tk.e, padx=5, pady=5)
        
        # 按钮框架
        button_frame = ttk.frame(tab)
        button_frame.grid(row=6, column=1, sticky=tk.e, padx=5, pady=10)
        
        # 测试连接按钮
        ttk.button(button_frame, text="测试连接", command=self.test_connection).pack(side=tk.left, padx=5)
        
        # 保存按钮
        ttk.button(button_frame, text="保存配置", command=self.save_config).pack(side=tk.left)
        
        # 设置权重
        tab.columnconfigure(1, weight=1)
    
    def add_attachment(self):
        """添加附件"""
        files = filedialog.askopenfilenames(title="选择附件")
        for file in files:
            self.attach_files_listbox.insert(tk.end, file)
    
    def remove_attachment(self):
        """删除选中的附件"""
        selected = self.attach_files_listbox.curselection()
        if selected:
            for index in reversed(selected):
                self.attach_files_listbox.delete(index)
    
    def browse_csv(self):
        """浏览csv文件"""
        file = filedialog.askopenfilename(title="选择csv文件", filetypes=[("csv文件", "*.csv")])
        if file:
            self.bulk_csv_var.set(file)
    
    def test_connection(self):
        """测试smtp连接"""
        try:
            import smtplib
            import socket
            
            self.status_var.set("正在测试smtp连接...")
            self.update_idletasks()
            
            server = self.server_var.get()
            port = self.port_var.get()
            use_tls = self.use_tls_var.get()
            username = self.username_var.get()
            password = self.password_var.get()
            
            # 设置超时时间
            socket.setdefaulttimeout(10)
            
            # 连接到smtp服务器
            if port == 465:
                # 使用ssl
                smtp = smtplib.smtp_ssl(server, port, timeout=10)
            else:
                # 普通连接
                smtp = smtplib.smtp(server, port, timeout=10)
                
                # 如果使用tls
                if use_tls:
                    smtp.starttls()
            
            # 登录
            smtp.login(username, password)
            
            # 关闭连接
            smtp.quit()
            
            messagebox.showinfo("成功", "smtp连接测试成功!")
            self.status_var.set("smtp连接测试成功")
        except socket.timeout:
            messagebox.showerror("错误", "连接超时,请检查服务器地址和端口")
            self.status_var.set("smtp连接超时")
        except smtplib.smtpauthenticationerror:
            messagebox.showerror("错误", "认证失败,请检查用户名和密码")
            self.status_var.set("smtp认证失败")
        except exception as e:
            messagebox.showerror("错误", f"连接测试失败: {str(e)}")
            self.status_var.set(f"连接测试失败: {str(e)}")
    
    def send_simple_email(self):
        """发送简单邮件"""
        try:
            # 使用当前配置创建emailsender实例
            sender = self.create_email_sender()
            # 获取收件人
            to_addr = self.simple_to_var.get()
            # 获取主题
            subject = self.simple_subject_var.get()
            # 获取正文
            body = self.simple_body_text.get(1.0, tk.end)
            # 如果收件人、主题和正文为空,则提示错误
            if not to_addr or not subject or not body.strip():
                messagebox.showerror("错误", "收件人、主题和正文不能为空")
                return
            
            self.status_var.set("正在发送邮件...")
            self.update_idletasks()
            
            if sender.send_email(to_addr, subject, body):
                messagebox.showinfo("成功", "邮件发送成功!")
                self.status_var.set("邮件发送成功")
            else:
                messagebox.showerror("错误", "邮件发送失败,请查看日志获取详细信息。")
                self.status_var.set("邮件发送失败")
        except exception as e:
            messagebox.showerror("错误", f"发送邮件时出错: {str(e)}")
            self.status_var.set(f"发送邮件时出错: {str(e)}")
    
    def send_html_email(self):
        """发送html邮件"""
        try:
            # 使用当前配置创建emailsender实例
            sender = self.create_email_sender()
            
            to_addr = self.html_to_var.get()
            subject = self.html_subject_var.get()
            body = self.html_body_text.get(1.0, tk.end)
            
            if not to_addr or not subject or not body.strip():
                messagebox.showerror("错误", "收件人、主题和正文不能为空")
                return
            
            self.status_var.set("正在发送html邮件...")
            self.update_idletasks()
            
            if sender.send_email(to_addr, subject, body, html=true):
                messagebox.showinfo("成功", "html邮件发送成功!")
                self.status_var.set("html邮件发送成功")
            else:
                messagebox.showerror("错误", "邮件发送失败,请查看日志获取详细信息。")
                self.status_var.set("邮件发送失败")
        except exception as e:
            messagebox.showerror("错误", f"发送邮件时出错: {str(e)}")
            self.status_var.set(f"发送邮件时出错: {str(e)}")
    
    def send_attachment_email(self):
        """发送带附件的邮件"""
        try:
            # 使用当前配置创建emailsender实例
            sender = self.create_email_sender()
            
            to_addr = self.attach_to_var.get()
            subject = self.attach_subject_var.get()
            body = self.attach_body_text.get(1.0, tk.end)
            
            if not to_addr or not subject or not body.strip():
                messagebox.showerror("错误", "收件人、主题和正文不能为空")
                return
            
            attachments = list(self.attach_files_listbox.get(0, tk.end))
            
            self.status_var.set("正在发送带附件的邮件...")
            self.update_idletasks()
            
            if sender.send_email(to_addr, subject, body, attachments=attachments):
                messagebox.showinfo("成功", "带附件的邮件发送成功!")
                self.status_var.set("带附件的邮件发送成功")
            else:
                messagebox.showerror("错误", "邮件发送失败,请查看日志获取详细信息。")
                self.status_var.set("邮件发送失败")
        except exception as e:
            messagebox.showerror("错误", f"发送邮件时出错: {str(e)}")
            self.status_var.set(f"发送邮件时出错: {str(e)}")
    
    def send_bulk_emails(self):
        """批量发送邮件"""
        try:
            # 使用当前配置创建emailsender实例
            sender = self.create_email_sender()
            # 获取批量发送邮件的配置
            csv_file = self.bulk_csv_var.get()
            # 获取主题模板
            subject_template = self.bulk_subject_var.get()
            # 获取正文模板
            body_template = self.bulk_body_text.get(1.0, tk.end)
            # 获取是否为html格式
            html = self.bulk_html_var.get()
            # 如果csv文件、主题模板和正文模板为空,则提示错误
            if not csv_file or not subject_template or not body_template.strip():
                messagebox.showerror("错误", "csv文件、主题模板和正文模板不能为空")
                return
            # 如果csv文件不存在,则提示错误
            if not os.path.isfile(csv_file):
                messagebox.showerror("错误", f"文件不存在: {csv_file}")
                return
            
            # 读取csv文件
            recipients = []
            with open(csv_file, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as f:
                reader = csv.dictreader(f)
                for row in reader:
                    recipients.append(row)
            # 如果csv文件为空或格式不正确,则提示错误
            if not recipients:
                messagebox.showerror("错误", "csv文件为空或格式不正确。")
                return
            # 如果csv文件为空或格式不正确,则提示错误
            self.status_var.set("正在批量发送邮件...")
            self.update_idletasks()
            
            # 批量发送邮件
            success_count = sender.send_bulk_emails(recipients, subject_template, body_template, html=html)
            
            messagebox.showinfo("成功", f"批量发送完成,成功发送 {success_count}/{len(recipients)} 封邮件。")
            self.status_var.set(f"批量发送完成,成功: {success_count}/{len(recipients)}")
            
        except exception as e:
            messagebox.showerror("错误", f"批量发送邮件时出错: {str(e)}")
            self.status_var.set(f"批量发送邮件时出错: {str(e)}")
    
    def create_email_sender(self):
        """创建临时配置对象"""
        # 创建一个临时的配置对象
        class tempconfig:
            def __init__(self, app):
                self.mail_server = app.server_var.get()
                self.mail_port = app.port_var.get()
                self.mail_use_tls = app.use_tls_var.get()
                self.mail_username = app.username_var.get()
                self.mail_password = app.password_var.get()
                self.mail_default_sender = app.sender_var.get()
        

        class customemailsender():
            def __init__(self, config):
                self.server = config.mail_server
                self.port = config.mail_port
                self.use_tls = config.mail_use_tls
                self.username = config.mail_username
                self.password = config.mail_password
                self.default_sender = config.mail_default_sender
                
                # 设置日志
                self._setup_logging()
            def _setup_logging(self):
                """设置日志记录"""
                log_dir = "logs"
                # 如果日志目录不存在,则创建日志目录
                if not os.path.exists(log_dir):
                    os.makedirs(log_dir)
                # 创建日志文件
                log_file = os.path.join(log_dir, f"email_sender_{datetime.now().strftime('%y%m%d')}.log")
                # 配置日志记录
                logging.basicconfig(
                    # 设置日志级别
                    level=logging.info,
                    # 设置日志格式
                    format='%(asctime)s - %(name)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s',
                    # 设置日志处理器
                    handlers=[
                        # 设置日志文件处理器
                        logging.filehandler(log_file),
                        # 设置日志控制台处理器
                        logging.streamhandler(sys.stdout)
                    ]
                )
                # 获取日志记录器
                self.logger = logging.getlogger("emailsender")  
            def send_email(self, to_addrs, subject, body, attachments=none, cc=none, bcc=none, html=false):
                """发送邮件(单个收件人)"""
                import smtplib
                from email.mime.text import mimetext
                from email.mime.multipart import mimemultipart
                from email.mime.application import mimeapplication
                
                # 转换地址格式
                if isinstance(to_addrs, str):
                    to_addrs = [to_addrs]
                # 如果抄送地址为字符串,则转换为列表
                if isinstance(cc, str):
                    cc = [cc]
                # 如果抄送地址为none,则设置为空列表
                elif cc is none:
                    cc = []        
                if isinstance(bcc, str):
                    bcc = [bcc]
                elif bcc is none:
                    bcc = []
                
                # 创建邮件对象
                msg = mimemultipart()
                msg['from'] = self.default_sender
                msg['to'] = ', '.join(to_addrs)
                msg['subject'] = subject
                
                if cc:
                    msg['cc'] = ', '.join(cc)
                    
                # 添加邮件正文
                if html:
                    msg.attach(mimetext(body, 'html', 'utf-8'))
                else:
                    msg.attach(mimetext(body, 'plain', 'utf-8'))
                
                # 添加附件
                if attachments:
                    for file_path in attachments:
                        if os.path.isfile(file_path):
                            with open(file_path, 'rb') as f:
                                attachment = mimeapplication(f.read())
                                attachment.add_header(
                                    'content-disposition', 
                                    'attachment', 
                                    filename=os.path.basename(file_path)
                                )
                                msg.attach(attachment)
                        else:
                            self.logger.warning(f"附件不存在: {file_path}")
                
                # 所有收件人列表(包括抄送和密送)
                all_recipients = to_addrs + cc + bcc
                
                try:
                    # 连接到smtp服务器 - 修复连接问题
                    if self.port == 465:
                        # 使用ssl
                        server = smtplib.smtp_ssl(self.server, self.port, timeout=30)
                    else:
                        # 普通连接
                        server = smtplib.smtp(self.server, self.port, timeout=30)
                        
                        # 如果使用tls
                        if self.use_tls:
                            server.starttls()
                    
                    # 登录
                    server.login(self.username, self.password)
                    
                    # 发送邮件
                    server.sendmail(self.default_sender, all_recipients, msg.as_string())
                    
                    # 关闭连接
                    server.quit()
                    
                    self.logger.info(f"邮件已成功发送给: {', '.join(to_addrs)}")
                    return true
                    
                except exception as e:
                    self.logger.error(f"发送邮件失败: {str(e)}")
                    return false
            
            def send_bulk_emails(self, recipients_data, subject_template, body_template, attachments=none, html=false):
                """批量发送邮件"""
                # 成功发送的邮件数量
                success_count = 0
                # 遍历收件人数据
                for recipient_data in recipients_data:
                    # 获取收件人邮箱地址
                    to_addr = recipient_data.get('email')
                    # 如果收件人邮箱地址为空,则跳过此条记录
                    if not to_addr:
                        self.logger.warning("缺少收件人邮箱地址,跳过此条记录")
                        continue
                        
                    # 替换模板变量
                    subject = subject_template
                    body = body_template
                    # 遍历收件人数据
                    for key, value in recipient_data.items():
                        # 如果key不是邮箱地址,则替换模板变量
                        if key != 'email':
                            placeholder = f"{{{key}}}"
                            subject = subject.replace(placeholder, str(value))
                            body = body.replace(placeholder, str(value))

                    # 发送邮件
                    if self.send_email(to_addr, subject, body, attachments=attachments, html=html):
                        success_count += 1
                        
                # 返回成功发送的邮件数量
                return success_count
        
        # 创建并返回自定义customemailsender实例
        config = tempconfig(self)
        return customemailsender(config)


if __name__ == "__main__":
    # 创建emailsenderapp实例
    app = emailsenderapp()
    # 启动主循环
    app.mainloop() 

7.效果图

总结

通过本教程,我们学习了如何使用python的smtplib库开发一个功能完整的邮件自动发送工具。主要涵盖了以下知识点:

  • smtp协议基础知识
  • 使用smtplib连接邮件服务器
  • 创建和发送不同类型的邮件(文本、html、附件)
  • 批量发送个性化邮件
  • 异常处理和日志记录
  • 从配置文件加载设置

这个邮件发送工具可以应用于多种场景,如系统通知、营销邮件、报表自动发送等。通过进一步扩展,还可以实现更复杂的功能,满足不同的业务需求。

以上就是python使用smtplib库开发一个邮件自动发送工具的详细内容,更多关于python smtplib邮件自动发送的资料请关注代码网其它相关文章!

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